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Mediterranean diet, micronutrients and macronutrients, and MRI measures of cortical thickness.

ABSTRACT: The Mediterranean diet (MeDi) is associated with reduced risk of cognitive impairment, but it is unclear whether it is associated with better brain imaging biomarkers.Among 672 cognitively normal participants (mean age, 79.8 years, 52.5% men), we investigated associations of MeDi score and MeDi components with magnetic resonance imaging measures of cortical thickness for the four lobes separately and averaged (average lobar).Higher MeDi score was associated with larger frontal, parietal, occipital, and average lobar cortical thickness. Higher legume and fish intakes were associated with larger cortical thickness: legumes with larger superior parietal, inferior parietal, precuneus, parietal, occipital, lingual, and fish with larger precuneus, superior parietal, posterior cingulate, parietal, and inferior parietal. Higher carbohydrate and sugar intakes were associated with lower entorhinal cortical thickness.In this sample of elderly persons, higher adherence to MeDi was associated with larger cortical thickness. These cross-sectional findings require validation in prospective studies.

SUBMITTER: Staubo SC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5259552 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Mediterranean diet, micronutrients and macronutrients, and MRI measures of cortical thickness.

Staubo Sara C SC Aakre Jeremiah A JA Vemuri Prashanthi P Syrjanen Jeremy A JA Mielke Michelle M MM Geda Yonas E YE Kremers Walter K WK Machulda Mary M MM Knopman David S DS Petersen Ronald C RC Jack Clifford R CR Roberts Rosebud O RO

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association 20160725 2

<h4>Introduction</h4>The Mediterranean diet (MeDi) is associated with reduced risk of cognitive impairment, but it is unclear whether it is associated with better brain imaging biomarkers.<h4>Methods</h4>Among 672 cognitively normal participants (mean age, 79.8 years, 52.5% men), we investigated associations of MeDi score and MeDi components with magnetic resonance imaging measures of cortical thickness for the four lobes separately and averaged (average lobar).<h4>Results</h4>Higher MeDi score ...[more]

PMID: 27461490

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Project description:BackgroundTranscription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) genetic variants that predispose individuals to type 2 diabetes (T2D) show inconsistent associations with anthropometric traits. Interaction between TCF7L2 genotypes and dietary factors may help explain these observations.ObjectiveWe aimed to examine the potential modulation of TCF7L2-rs7903146 and rs12255372 on anthropometric markers by a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet).MethodsCross-sectional analysis was conducted in 1120 participants (aged 45-75 y) of the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study. Anthropometric variables were measured, and polymorphisms were genotyped using standardized protocols. Diet was assessed using a validated FFQ. The MedDiet was defined based on adherence to 9 food and nutrient components using sex-specific population-based median cut-offs; high adherence was defined as meeting ≥4 components. Haplotypes were tested for association with obesity traits, independently and via interaction with the MedDiet.ResultsTCF7L2-rs7903146 showed significant interaction with the MedDiet influencing BMI, weight, and waist circumference. The T risk-allele carriers (CT + TT) with a high MedDiet score had lower weight (77.3 ± 1.0 compared with CC 80.9 ± 1.0 kg; P = 0.013) and waist circumference (99.2 ± 0.9 compared with CC 102.2 ± 0.9 cm; P = 0.021), when compared with CC participants. A low MedDiet score resulted in no significant differences between genotypes. For TCF7L2-rs12255372, we found significant interactions with the MedDiet for weight (P-interaction = 0.034) and BMI (P-interaction = 0.036). The T allele carriers with a higher MedDiet score showed a trend of lower but no significant differences when compared with CC participants for BMI (P = 0.19), weight (P = 0.09), and waist circumference (P = 0.11). We found significant interactions between the 2 risk-carrying haplotypes and the MedDiet compared with the common haplotype (GC), with lower BMI (β ± SE, TT: -1.53 ± 0.68; P-interaction = 0.024), weight (TT: -4.16 ± 1.77; P-interaction = 0.019), and waist circumference (GT: -5.07 ± 2.50; P-interaction = 0.042) at a high MedDiet score.ConclusionPuerto Ricans with the TCF7L2-rs7903146 and rs12255372 T2D risk genotypes, although still high, had better anthropometric profiles when adhering to a MedDiet, suggesting that this diet may offset unfavorable genetic predisposition.

Dataset Information

Mediterranean diet, micronutrients and macronutrients, and MRI measures of cortical thickness.

Publications

Mediterranean diet, micronutrients and macronutrients, and MRI measures of cortical thickness.

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