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Maternal socio-economic status based on occupation and autism spectrum disorders: a national case-control study.

ABSTRACT: The association between parental socio-economic status (SES) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has been studied in several countries, but the results have been contradictory.The aim of this study was to examine the association between maternal SES and subtypes of ASD in Finland.A national case-control study was conducted. Children born in 1991-2005 and diagnosed with ASD by the year 2007 were identified from the Finnish Hospital Discharge Register (FHDR). Their matched controls were selected from the Finnish Medical Birth Register (FMBR). There were 3468 cases and 13,868 controls. The information on maternal SES was collected from the FMBR and categorized into upper white-collar workers (referent), lower white-collar workers, blue-collar workers and "others", consisting of students, housewives and other groups with unknown SES. The statistical test used was conditional logistic regression.The likelihood of ASD was increased among offspring of mothers who belong to the group "others" (adjusted OR = 1.2, 95% CI 1.009-1.3). The likelihood of Asperger's syndrome was decreased among offspring of lower white-collar workers (adjusted OR = 0.8, 95% CI 0.6-0.9) and blue-collar workers (adjusted OR = 0.6, 95% CI 0.5-0.7). The likelihood of pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS) was increased among offspring of blue-collar workers (adjusted OR = 1.5, 1.2-1.9) and "others" (adjusted OR = 1.3, 1.1-1.7). No association was found between maternal SES and childhood autism.The association between maternal SES and ASD differs by ASD subtype. Socio-economic groups might differ from each other by risk factors for ASD subtypes or by their service use.

SUBMITTER: Lehti V

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5294911 | biostudies-literature | 2015

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Maternal socio-economic status based on occupation and autism spectrum disorders: a national case-control study.

Lehti Venla V Hinkka-Yli-Salomäki Susanna S Cheslack-Postava Keely K Gissler Mika M Brown Alan S AS Sourander Andre A

Nordic journal of psychiatry 20150303 7

<h4>Background</h4>The association between parental socio-economic status (SES) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has been studied in several countries, but the results have been contradictory.<h4>Aims</h4>The aim of this study was to examine the association between maternal SES and subtypes of ASD in Finland.<h4>Methods</h4>A national case-control study was conducted. Children born in 1991-2005 and diagnosed with ASD by the year 2007 were identified from the Finnish Hospital Discharge Registe ...[more]

PMID: 25732938

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Project description:Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by delayed/abnormal language development, deficits in social interaction, repetitive behaviors and restricted interests. The heterogeneity in clinical presentation of ASD, likely due to different etiologies, complicates genetic/biological analyses of these disorders. DNA microarray analyses were conducted on 116 lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL) from individuals with idiopathic autism who are divided into 3 phenotypic subgroups according to severity scores from the commonly used Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised questionnaire and age-matched, nonautistic controls. Statistical analyses of gene expression data from control LCL against that of LCL from ASD probands identify genes for which expression levels are either quantitatively or qualitatively associated with phenotypic severity. Comparison of the significant differentially expressed genes from each subgroup relative to the control group reveals differentially expressed genes unique to each subgroup as well as genes in common across subgroups. Among the findings unique to the most severely affected ASD group are genes that regulate circadian rhythm, which has been shown to have multiple effects on neurological as well as metabolic functions commonly dysregulated in autism. Among the genes common to all 3 subgroups of ASD are 5 novel genes which appear to associate with androgen sensitivity, which may underlie the strong 4:1 bias towards affected males. Gene expression profiling of 116 LCL from autistic (87) and nonautistic (29) individuals were obtained using a custom-printed DNA microarray containing 39,936 elements (TIGR 40K Human array, GPL3427) and a reference design in which each sample was compared to the Stratagene Universal Human RNA standard. The 87 autistic samples were divided into phenotypic subgroups (language, mild, savant) on the basis of cluster analyses of scores from an autism diagnostic questionnaire, the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised instrument. Differentially expressed genes were determined for all autistic vs. control groups, as well as for each of 3 phenotypic ASD groups and controls.

Dataset Information

Maternal socio-economic status based on occupation and autism spectrum disorders: a national case-control study.

Publications

Maternal socio-economic status based on occupation and autism spectrum disorders: a national case-control study.

Similar Datasets

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