G-protein-coupled receptors mediate ?-3 PUFAs-inhibited colorectal cancer by activating the Hippo pathway.

ABSTRACT: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers leading to high mortality. However, long-term administration of anti-tumor therapy for CRC is not feasible due to the side effects. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (?-3 PUFAs), particularly DHA and EPA, exert protection against CRC, but the mechanisms are unclear. Here, we show that ?-3 PUFAs inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of CRC cells in vitro and alleviate AOM/DSS-induced mice colorectal cancer in vivo. Moreover, ?-3 PUFAs promote phosphorylation and cytoplasmic retention of YAP and this effect was mediated by MST1/2 and LATS1, suggesting that the canonical Hippo Pathway is involved in ?-3 PUFAs function. We further confirmed that increase of pYAP by ?-3 PUFAs was mediated by GPRs, including GPR40 and GPR120, which subsequently activate PKA via G?s, thus inducing the Hippo pathway activation. These data provide a novel DHA/EPA-GPR40/120-G?s-PKA-MST1/2-LATS1-YAP signaling pathway which is linked to ?-3 PUFAs-induced inhibition of cell proliferation and promotion of apoptosis in CRC cells, indicating a mechanism that could explain the anti-cancer action of ?-3 PUFAs.

SUBMITTER: Zhang K 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5295433 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature