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Total synthesis of malagashanine: a chloroquine potentiating indole alkaloid with unusual stereochemistry.

ABSTRACT: The first total synthesis of malagashanine, a chloroquine potentiating indole alkaloid, is presented. A highly stereoselective cascade annulation reaction was developed to generate the tetracyclic core of the Malagasy alkaloids. This chemistry is likely to be broadly applicable to the synthesis of other members of this stereochemically unique family of natural products.

SUBMITTER: Kong A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5297967 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Stereospecific total synthesis of the indole alkaloid ervincidine. Establishment of the C-6 hydroxyl stereochemistry.

Project description:The total synthesis of the indole alkaloid ervincidine (3) is reported. This research provides a general entry into C-6 hydroxy-substituted indole alkaloids with either an ? or a ? configuration. This study corrects the errors in Glasby's book (Glasby, J. S. Encyclopedia of the Alkaloids; Plenum Press: New York, 1975) and Lounasmaa et al.'s review (Lounasmaa, M.; Hanhinen, P.; Westersund, M. In The Alkaloids; Cordell, G. A., Ed.; Academic Press: San Diego, CA, 1999; Vol. 52, pp 103-195) as well as clarifies the work of Yunusov et al. (Malikov, V. M.; Sharipov, M. R.; Yunusov, S. Yu. Khim. Prir. Soedin. 1972, 8, 760-761. Rakhimov, D. A.; Sharipov, M. R.; Aripov, Kh. N.; Malikov, V. M.; Shakirov, T. T.; Yunusov, S. Yu. Khim. Prir. Soedin. 1970, 6, 724-725). It establishes the correct absolute configuration of the C-6 hydroxyl function in ervincidine. This serves as a structure proof and corrects the misassigned structure reported in the literature.

| S-EPMC4017614 | biostudies-literature

Asymmetric Total Synthesis of the Indole Diterpene Alkaloid Paspaline.

Project description:An enantioselective synthesis of the indole diterpenoid natural product paspaline is disclosed. Critical to this approach was the implementation of stereoselective desymmetrization reactions to assemble key stereocenters of the molecule. The design and execution of these tactics are described in detail, and a thorough analysis of observed outcomes is presented, ultimately providing the title compound in high stereopurity. This synthesis provides a novel template for preparing key stereocenters in this family of molecules, and the reactions developed en route to paspaline present a series of new synthetic disconnections in preparing steroidal natural products.

| S-EPMC4598058 | biostudies-literature

Total Synthesis of the Chlorinated Pentacyclic Indole Alkaloid (+)-Ambiguine G.

Project description:Reported herein is the total synthesis of (+)-ambiguine G, the first member of the chlorinated pentacyclic ambiguines to yield to chemical synthesis. The synthesis is accomplished through a convergent strategy that proceeds in 10 steps from (S)-carvone oxide. Pivotal to the concise route is the successful realization of a [4+3] cycloaddition that conjoins two easily synthesized components of the carbon framework of the natural product. Also featured in the synthesis is the efficient, diastereoselective construction of a key vinylated chloro ketone and the unprecedented, one-pot reduction-elimination-oxidation sequence that transforms an enone to an advanced hydroxylated-diene intermediate.

| S-EPMC8509925 | biostudies-literature

Stereospecific approach to the synthesis of ring-A oxygenated sarpagine indole alkaloids. Total synthesis of the dimeric indole alkaloid P-(+)-dispegatrine and six other monomeric indole alkaloids.

Project description:The first regio- and stereocontrolled total synthesis of the bisphenolic, bisquaternary alkaloid (+)-dispegatrine (1) has been accomplished in an overall yield of 8.3% (12 reaction vessels) from 5-methoxy-d-tryptophan ethyl ester (17). A crucial late-stage thallium(III) mediated intermolecular oxidative dehydrodimerization was employed in the formation of the C9-C9' biaryl axis in 1. The complete stereocontrol observed in this key biaryl coupling step is due to the asymmetric induction by the natural sarpagine configuration of the monomer lochnerine (6) and was confirmed by both the Suzuki and the oxidative dehydrodimerization model studies on the tetrahydro β-carboline (35). The axial chirality of the lochnerine dimer (40) and in turn dispegatrine (1) was established by X-ray crystallography and was determined to be P(S). Additionally, the first total synthesis of the monomeric indole alkaloids (+)-spegatrine (2), (+)-10-methoxyvellosimine (5), (+)-lochnerine (6), lochvinerine (7), (+)-sarpagine (8), and (+)-lochneram (11) were also achieved via the common pentacyclic intermediate 16.

| S-EPMC3722876 | biostudies-literature

Total synthesis of alkaloid 205B.

Project description:Concise and highly stereocontrolled total syntheses of racemic and enantiopure frog alkaloid 205B (1) were accomplished in 11 steps from 4-methoxypyridines 6 and 7 in overall yields of 8 and 8%, respectively. The assembly of the core of the natural product relies on a stereoselective Tsuji-Trost allylic amination reaction and a ring-closing metathesis. The synthesis features the use of an N-acylpyridinium salt reaction to introduce the first stereocenter and an unprecedented trifluoroacetic anhydride-mediated addition of an allylstannane to a vinylogous amide with complete facial selectivity. Deoxygenation of the C4 ketone proved difficult but was accomplished via a modified Barton-McCombie reaction in the presence of a catalytic amount of diphenyl diselenide.

| S-EPMC4184464 | biostudies-literature

Total synthesis of pyrano[3,2-<i>e</i>]indole alkaloid fontanesine B by a double cyclization strategy.

Project description:The regioselective synthesis of pyrano[3,2-e]indole alkaloid fontanesine B by two different cyclizations is described. The complete regioselectivity is controlled by the C4 Pictet-Spengler cyclization, in which an iminium ion acts as a transient directing (TDG) group. Furthermore, carbolines were constructed by a new Bischler-Napieralski-type cyclization, in which an unprecedented trichloromethyl carbamate serves as a reactive group.

| S-EPMC9062488 | biostudies-literature

Synthesis of the pentacyclic skeleton of the indole alkaloid arboflorine.

Project description:An effective synthesis of the pentacyclic core of the unusual Kopsia alkaloid arboflorine is reported. The success of the synthetic route rested on the use of a borylative C-H functionalization reaction, a convergent Suzuki cross-coupling to a C(2) halogenated indole, and an unprecedented transannular dehydrogenative C-N bond forming reaction.

| S-EPMC3481541 | biostudies-literature

Total Synthesis of the Norhasubanan Alkaloid Stephadiamine.

Project description:(+)-Stephadiamine is an unusual alkaloid isolated from the vine Stephania japonica. It features a norhasubanan skeleton, and contains two adjacent ?-tertiary amines, which renders it an attractive synthetic target. Here, we present the first total synthesis of stephadiamine, which hinges on an efficient cascade reaction to implement the aza[4.3.3]propellane core of the alkaloid. The ?-aminolactone moiety in a highly hindered position was installed via Tollens reaction and Curtius rearrangement. Useful building blocks for the asymmetric synthesis of morphine and (nor)hasubanan alkaloids are introduced.

| S-EPMC6130314 | biostudies-literature

Total synthesis of the indolizidine alkaloid tashiromine.

Project description:BackgroundTashiromine 1 is a naturally occurring indolizidine alkaloid. It has been the subject of thirteen successful total syntheses to date. Our own approach centres on the stereoselective construction of the indolizidine core by capture of an electrophilic acyliminium species by a pendant allylsilane. The key cyclisation precursor is constructed using olefin cross-metathesis chemistry, which has the potential to facilitate both racemic and asymmetric approaches, depending upon the choice of the allylsilane metathesis partner.ResultsThe use of the allyltrimethylsilane cross-metathesis approach enables the rapid construction of the key cyclisation precursor 3 (3 steps from commercial materials), which undergoes acid-induced cyclisation to give the desired bicyclic indolizidine skeleton as a 96:4 mixture of diastereomers. Simple functional group interconversions allowed the completion of the total synthesis of racemic tashiromine in six steps (19% overall yield). Three chiral alpha-alkoxyallylsilanes (12,14 and 15) were prepared in enantioenriched form and their cross-metathesis reactions studied as part of a putative asymmetric approach to tashiromine. In the event, alpha-hydroxysilane 12 underwent isomerisation under the reaction conditions to acylsilane 17, while silanes 14 and 15 were unreactive towards metathesis.ConclusionA concise, stereoselective total synthesis of racemic tashiromine has been developed. Attempts to translate this into an asymmetric synthesis have thus far been unsuccessful.

| S-EPMC2241604 | biostudies-literature

Total synthesis of the akuammiline alkaloid picrinine.

Project description:We report the first total synthesis of the complex akuammiline alkaloid picrinine, which was first isolated nearly five decades ago. Our synthetic approach features a concise assembly of the [3.3.1]-azabicyclic core, a key Fischer indolization reaction to forge the natural product's carbon framework, and a series of delicate late-stage transformations to complete the synthesis. Our synthesis of picrinine also constitutes a formal synthesis of the related polycyclic alkaloid strictamine.

| S-EPMC3985766 | biostudies-literature

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