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CENP-A chromatin disassembly in stressed and senescent murine cells.

ABSTRACT: Centromeres are chromosomal domains essential for genomic stability. We report here the remarkable transcriptional and epigenetic perturbations at murine centromeres in genotoxic stress conditions. A strong and selective transcriptional activation of centromeric repeats is detected within hours. This is followed by disorganization of centromeres with striking delocalization of nucleosomal CENP-A, the key determinant of centromere identity and function, in a mechanism requiring active transcription of centromeric repeats, the DNA Damage Response (DDR) effector ATM and chromatin remodelers/histone chaperones. In the absence of p53 checkpoint, activated transcription of centromeric repeats and CENP-A delocalization do not occur and cells accumulate micronuclei indicative of genomic instability. In addition, activated transcription and loss of centromeres identity are features of permanently arrested senescent cells with persistent DDR activation. Together, these findings bring out cooperation between DDR effectors and loss of centromere integrity as a safeguard mechanism to prevent genomic instability in context of persistent DNA damage signalling.

SUBMITTER: Hedouin S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5301216 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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CENP-A chromatin disassembly in stressed and senescent murine cells.

Hédouin Sabrine S Grillo Giacomo G Ivkovic Ivana I Velasco Guillaume G Francastel Claire C

Scientific reports 20170210

Centromeres are chromosomal domains essential for genomic stability. We report here the remarkable transcriptional and epigenetic perturbations at murine centromeres in genotoxic stress conditions. A strong and selective transcriptional activation of centromeric repeats is detected within hours. This is followed by disorganization of centromeres with striking delocalization of nucleosomal CENP-A, the key determinant of centromere identity and function, in a mechanism requiring active transcripti ...[more]

PMID: 28186195

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Project description:BackgroundAging-associated osteoporosis is frequently seen in the elderly in clinic, but efficient managements are limited because of unclear nosogenesis. The current study aims to investigate the role of melatonin on senescent bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and the underlying regulating mechanism.MethodsMelatonin levels were tested by ELISA. Gene expression profiles were performed by RNA-sequencing, enrichment of H3K36me2 on gene promoters was analyzed by Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Sequencing (ChIP-seq), and chromatin accessibility was determined by Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin with high-throughput sequencing (ATAC-seq). Osteogenesis of BMSCs in vitro was measured by Alizarin Red and Alkaline Phosphatase staining, and in vivo effects of melatonin was assessed by histological staining and micro computed tomography (micro-CT) scan. Correlation of NSD2 expression and severity of senile osteoporosis patients were analyzed by Pearson correlation.ResultsMelatonin levels were decreased during aging in human bone marrow, accompanied by downregulation of the histone methyltransferase nuclear receptor binding SET domain protein 2 (NSD2) expression in the senescent BMSCs. Melatonin stimulated the expression of NSD2 through MT1/2-mediated signaling pathways, resulting in the rebalancing of H3K36me2 and H3K27me3 modifications to increase chromatin accessibility of the osteogenic genes, runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and bone gamma-carboxyglutamate protein (BGLAP). Melatonin promoted osteogenesis of BMSCs in vitro, and alleviates osteoporosis progression in the aging mice. In clinic, severity of senile osteoporosis (SOP) was negatively correlated with melatonin level in bone marrow, as well as NSD2 expression in BMSCs. Similarly, melatonin remarkably enhanced osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs derived from SOP patients in vitro.ConclusionsCollectively, our study dissects previously unreported mechanistic insights into the epigenetic regulating machinery of melatonin in meliorating osteogenic differentiation of senescent BMSC, and provides evidence for application of melatonin in preventing aging-associated bone loss.

Dataset Information

CENP-A chromatin disassembly in stressed and senescent murine cells.

Publications

CENP-A chromatin disassembly in stressed and senescent murine cells.

Similar Datasets

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