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Engineering a Cysteine-Free Form of Human Fibroblast Growth Factor-1 for "Second Generation" Therapeutic Application.

ABSTRACT: Human fibroblast growth factor-1 (FGF-1) has broad therapeutic potential in regenerative medicine but has undesirable biophysical properties of low thermostability and 3 buried cysteine (Cys) residues (at positions 16, 83, and 117) that interact to promote irreversible protein unfolding under oxidizing conditions. Mutational substitution of such Cys residues eliminates reactive buried thiols but cannot be accomplished simultaneously at all 3 positions without also introducing further substantial instability. The mutational introduction of a novel Cys residue (Ala66Cys) that forms a stabilizing disulfide bond (i.e., cystine) with one of the extant Cys residues (Cys83) effectively eliminates one Cys while increasing overall stability. This increase in stability offsets the associated instability of remaining Cys substitution mutations and permits production of a Cys-free form of FGF-1 (Cys16Ser/Ala66Cys/Cys117Ala) with only minor overall instability. The addition of a further stabilizing mutation (Pro134Ala) creates a Cys-free FGF-1 mutant with essentially wild-type biophysical properties. The elimination of buried free thiols in FGF-1 can substantially increase the protein half-life in cell culture. Here, we show that the effective cell survival/mitogenic functional activity of a fully Cys-free form is also substantially increased and is equivalent to wild-type FGF-1 formulated in the presence of heparin sulfate as a stabilizing agent. The results identify this Cys-free FGF-1 mutant as an advantageous "second generation" form of FGF-1 for therapeutic application.

SUBMITTER: Xia X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5318998 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Engineering a Cysteine-Free Form of Human Fibroblast Growth Factor-1 for "Second Generation" Therapeutic Application.

Xia Xue X Kumru Ozan S OS Blaber Sachiko I SI Middaugh C Russell CR Li Ling L Ornitz David M DM Sutherland Mason A MA Tenorio Connie A CA Blaber Michael M

Journal of pharmaceutical sciences 20160401 4

Human fibroblast growth factor-1 (FGF-1) has broad therapeutic potential in regenerative medicine but has undesirable biophysical properties of low thermostability and 3 buried cysteine (Cys) residues (at positions 16, 83, and 117) that interact to promote irreversible protein unfolding under oxidizing conditions. Mutational substitution of such Cys residues eliminates reactive buried thiols but cannot be accomplished simultaneously at all 3 positions without also introducing further substantial ...[more]

PMID: 27019961

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Project description:Vascularization remains a substantial limitation to the viability of engineered tissue. By comparing in vivo vascularization dynamics of a self-assembled prevascular endothelial-fibroblast model to avascular grafts, we explore the vascularization rate limitations in implants at early time intervals, during which tissue hypoxia begins to affect cell viability. Scaffold-free prevascular endothelial-fibroblast constructs (SPECs) may serve as a modular and reshapable vascular bed in replacement tissues. SPECs, fibroblast-only spheroids (FOS), and silicone implants were implanted in 54 Sprague Dawley rats and harvested at 6, 12, and 24?h (n?=?5 per time point and implant type). We hypothesized that the primary endothelial networks of the SPECs allow earlier anastomosis and increased vessel formation in the interior of the implant compared to FOS and silicone implants within a 24?h window. All constructs were encapsulated by an endothelial lining at 6?h postimplantation and SPEC internal cords inosculated with the host vascular network by this time point. SPECs had a significantly higher microvascular area fraction and branch/junction density of penetrating cords at 6-12?h compared with other constructs. In addition, SPECs demonstrated perivascular cell recruitment, lumen formation, and network remodeling consistent with vessel maturation at 12-24?h; however, these implants were poorly perfused within our observation window, suggesting poor lumen patency. FOS vascular characteristics (microvessel area and penetrating cord density) increased within the 12-24?h period to represent those of the SPEC implants, suggesting a 12?h latency in host response to avascular grafts compared to prevascular grafts. Knowledge of this temporal advantage in in vitro prevascular network self-assembly as well as an understanding of the current limitations of SPEC engraftment builds on our theoretical temporal model of tissue graft vascularization and suggests a crucial time window, during which technological improvements and vascular therapy can improve engineered tissue survival.

Dataset Information

Engineering a Cysteine-Free Form of Human Fibroblast Growth Factor-1 for "Second Generation" Therapeutic Application.

Publications

Engineering a Cysteine-Free Form of Human Fibroblast Growth Factor-1 for "Second Generation" Therapeutic Application.

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