Dataset Information

Student service members/veterans on campus: Challenges for reintegration.

ABSTRACT: Many returning OIF/OEF/OND Veterans are seeking higher education in an effort to develop a meaningful career and financial stability. Evidence suggests that student service members/veterans (SSM/Vs) are experiencing less academic success than other students. The purpose of this review is to identify the unique challenges of SSM/Vs and evaluate current campus efforts to facilitate their retention and academic performance. With a focus on SSM/Vs attending colleges and universities, we obtained 57 peer-reviewed and 73 gray literature records published between 2001 and 2015. The current SSM/V literature contains an abundance of gray literature, and the empirical research tends to be limited by cross-sectional design and small sample sizes. SSM/Vs encounter significant personal and environmental challenges when transitioning from the military to college campuses. A variety of services have been developed to address the needs of the SSM/V population, but the efficacy of these services remains largely unknown. In conclusion, there is a clear need to provide education to faculty, students, and staff regarding the experiences of SSM/Vs. Efforts to enhance screening for, availability of, and SSM/V engagement in mental health services would also be beneficial, as would improved availability of and SSM/V access to academic support. All future programs designed to address the unique challenges of SSM/Vs in the academic environment should also be systematically implemented and evaluated. (PsycINFO Database Record

SUBMITTER: Borsari B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5319708 | biostudies-literature | 2017

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Student service members/veterans on campus: Challenges for reintegration.

Borsari Brian B Yurasek Ali A Miller Mary Beth MB Murphy James G JG McDevitt-Murphy Meghan E ME Martens Matthew P MP Darcy Monica G MG Carey Kate B KB

The American journal of orthopsychiatry 20170101 2

Many returning OIF/OEF/OND Veterans are seeking higher education in an effort to develop a meaningful career and financial stability. Evidence suggests that student service members/veterans (SSM/Vs) are experiencing less academic success than other students. The purpose of this review is to identify the unique challenges of SSM/Vs and evaluate current campus efforts to facilitate their retention and academic performance. With a focus on SSM/Vs attending colleges and universities, we obtained 57 ...[more]

PMID: 28206804

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Project description:BackgroundThe Computer Adaptive Test version of the Community Reintegration of Injured Service Members measure (CRIS-CAT) consists of three scales measuring Extent of, Perceived Limitations in, and Satisfaction with community integration. The CRIS-CAT was developed using item response theory methods. The purposes of this study were to assess the reliability, concurrent, known group and predictive validity and respondent burden of the CRIS-CAT.The CRIS-CAT was developed using item response theory methods. The purposes of this study were to assess the reliability, concurrent, known group and predictive validity and respondent burden of the CRIS-CAT.MethodsThis was a three-part study that included a 1) a cross-sectional field study of 517 homeless, employed, and Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom (OEF/OIF) Veterans; who completed all items in the CRIS item set, 2) a cohort study with one year follow-up study of 135 OEF/OIF Veterans, and 3) a 50-person study of CRIS-CAT administration. Conditional reliability of simulated CAT scores was calculated from the field study data, and concurrent validity and known group validity were examined using Pearson product correlations and ANOVAs. Data from the cohort were used to examine the ability of the CRIS-CAT to predict key one year outcomes. Data from the CRIS-CAT administration study were used to calculate ICC (2,1) minimum detectable change (MDC), and average number of items used during CAT administration.ResultsReliability scores for all scales were above 0.75, but decreased at both ends of the score continuum. CRIS-CAT scores were correlated with concurrent validity indicators and differed significantly between the three Veteran groups (P < .001). The odds of having any Emergency Room visits were reduced for Veterans with better CRIS-CAT scores (Extent, Perceived Satisfaction respectively: OR = 0.94, 0.93, 0.95; P < .05). CRIS-CAT scores were predictive of SF-12 physical and mental health related quality of life scores at the 1 year follow-up. Scales had ICCs >0.9. MDCs were 5.9, 6.2, and 3.6, respectively for Extent, Perceived and Satisfaction subscales. Number of items (mn, SD) administered at Visit 1 were 14.6 (3.8) 10.9 (2.7) and 10.4 (1.7) respectively for Extent, Perceived and Satisfaction subscales.ConclusionThe CRIS-CAT demonstrated sound measurement properties including reliability, construct, known group and predictive validity, and it was administered with minimal respondent burden. These findings support the use of this measure in assessing community reintegration.

Project description:ImportanceThe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had wide-spread impacts on health and behavioral patterns. Returning university students represent large-scale, transient demographic shifts and a potential source of transmission risk to adjacent communities.ObjectiveTest the a priori hypothesis that the Fall 2020 student return-to-campus would correlate with an increase in infection rates in the surrounding community; identify risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection within and between the subgroups.DesignProspective longitudinal cohort study.SettingConducted in Centre County, Pennsylvania, USA from August 2020 to December 2020.ParticipantsNon-random cohorts of county residents 18 years of age or older living in Centre County prior to the return to in-person instruction at the Pennsylvania State University and returning students who were enrolled during the Fall 2020 term.ExposuresContact with known SARS-CoV-2-positive and COVID-symptomatic individuals, attending gatherings of various sizes, and adherence to public health non-pharmaceutical interventions.Main outcomes and measuresPresence of IgG antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 surface spike glycoprotein (S) receptor-binding domain (S/RBD), measured using an indirect isotype-specific (IgG) screening enzyme immunoassay.ResultsOf 345 community participants, 19 (5.5%) were positive for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies at their first visit between 7 August and 2 October. Of 625 returning student participants, 195 (31.2%) were positive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies between 26 October and 23 November. 28 (8.1%) of the community participants had returned a positive result by 9 December. Only contact with known SARS-CoV-2-positive individuals and attendance at small gatherings (20-50 individuals) were significant predictors of IgG antibodies among returning students (aOR, 95% CI: 3.24, 2.14-4.91, p<0.001; 1.62, 1.08-2.44, p<0.05; respectively).Conclusions and relevanceDespite high seroprevalence observed within the student population, seroprevalence in a longitudinal cohort of community residents was low and stable from before student arrival for the Fall 2020 term to after student departure, implying limited transmission between these cohorts. This implies the potential to minimize the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from high prevalence, geographically coincident sub-populations. Future work should investigate the relative efficacy of specific measures to reduce risk of transmission from itinerant to resident populations and guide communities with high levels of episodic migration and similar social configurations.

Dataset Information

Student service members/veterans on campus: Challenges for reintegration.

Publications

Student service members/veterans on campus: Challenges for reintegration.

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