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Identification of somatic and germ-line DICER1 mutations in pleuropulmonary blastoma, cystic nephroma and rhabdomyosarcoma tumors within a DICER1 syndrome pedigree.

ABSTRACT: DICER1 syndrome is a pediatric cancer predisposition condition causing a variety of tumor types in children and young adults. In this report we studied a family with two relatives presenting a variety of neoplastic conditions at childhood.Germ-line mutation screening of the complete coding region of the DICER1 gene in genomic DNA from the proband was performed. The presence of somatic DICER1 mutation and further alterations in driver genes was investigated in genomic DNA obtained from available tumor samples.A nonsense germ-line mutation in DICER1 causing a truncated protein at the IIIb domain level was identified segregating within a family including two affected relatives who developed in one case cystic nephroma and pleuropulmonary blastoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma and multinodular goiter in the other. Additional in trans DICER1 missense somatic mutations in the IIIb DICER1 domain were found both in the cystic nephroma and in the rhabdomyosarcoma, suggesting that neoplasms in this family might arise from the unusual two-hit mechanism for DICER-derived tumorigenesis in which after the presence of a truncated constitutive protein, a neomorphic DICER1 activity is somatically adquired. Additional genetic alterations, such as TP53 mutations, were identified in the rhabdomyosarcoma.Besides DICER1 loss of standard activity, oncogenic cooperation of other genes, as mutated TP53, may involve developing higher grade tumors within this syndrome. Given the broad clinical spectrum that may arise, genetic counseling and close surveillance must be offered to all family members at risk of DICER1 syndrome.

SUBMITTER: Fernandez-Martinez L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5320664 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Identification of somatic and germ-line DICER1 mutations in pleuropulmonary blastoma, cystic nephroma and rhabdomyosarcoma tumors within a DICER1 syndrome pedigree.

Fernández-Martínez Lorena L Villegas José Antonio JA Santamaría Íñigo Í Pitiot Ana S AS Alvarado Marta G MG Fernández Soledad S Torres Héctor H Paredes Ángeles Á Blay Pilar P Balbín Milagros M

BMC cancer 20170221 1

<h4>Background</h4>DICER1 syndrome is a pediatric cancer predisposition condition causing a variety of tumor types in children and young adults. In this report we studied a family with two relatives presenting a variety of neoplastic conditions at childhood.<h4>Methods</h4>Germ-line mutation screening of the complete coding region of the DICER1 gene in genomic DNA from the proband was performed. The presence of somatic DICER1 mutation and further alterations in driver genes was investigated in g ...[more]

PMID: 28222777

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Project description:DICER1 syndrome (OMIM 606241, 601200) is a rare autosomal dominant familial tumor predisposition disorder with a heterozygous DICER1 germline mutation. The most common tumor seen clinically is the pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB), a lung neoplasm of early childhood which is classified on its morphologic features into four types (IR, I, II and III) with tumor progression over time within the first 4-5 years of life from the prognostically favorable cystic type I to the unfavorable solid type III. Following the initial report of PPB, its association with other cystic neoplasms was demonstrated in family studies. The detection of the germline mutation in DICER1 provided the opportunity to identify and continue to recognize a number seemingly unrelated extrapulmonary neoplasms: Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor, gynandroblastoma, embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas of the cervix and other sites, multinodular goiter, differentiated and poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma, cervical-thyroid teratoma, cystic nephroma-anaplastic sarcoma of kidney, nasal chondromesenchymal hamartoma, intestinal juvenile-like hamartomatous polyp, ciliary body medulloepithelioma, pituitary blastoma, pineoblastoma, primary central nervous system sarcoma, embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes-like cerebellar tumor, PPB-like peritoneal sarcoma, DICER1-associated presacral malignant teratoid neoplasm and other non-neoplastic associations. Each of these neoplasms is characterized by a second somatic mutation in DICER1. In this review, we have summarized the salient clinicopathologic aspects of these tumors whose histopathologic features have several overlapping morphologic attributes particularly the primitive mesenchyme often with rhabdomyoblastic and chondroid differentiation and an uncommitted spindle cell pattern. Several of these tumors have an initial cystic stage from which there is progression to a high grade, complex patterned neoplasm. These pathologic findings in the appropriate clinical setting should serve to alert the pathologist to the possibility of a DICER1-associated neoplasm and initiate appropriate testing on the neoplasm and to alert the clinician about the concern for a DICER1 mutation.

Dataset Information

Identification of somatic and germ-line DICER1 mutations in pleuropulmonary blastoma, cystic nephroma and rhabdomyosarcoma tumors within a DICER1 syndrome pedigree.

Publications

Identification of somatic and germ-line DICER1 mutations in pleuropulmonary blastoma, cystic nephroma and rhabdomyosarcoma tumors within a DICER1 syndrome pedigree.

Similar Datasets

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