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Leaky Gate Model: Intensity-Dependent Coding of Pain and Itch in the Spinal Cord.


ABSTRACT: Coding of itch versus pain has been heatedly debated for decades. However, the current coding theories (labeled line, intensity, and selectivity theory) cannot accommodate all experimental observations. Here we identified a subset of spinal interneurons, labeled by gastrin-releasing peptide (Grp), that receive direct synaptic input from both pain and itch primary sensory neurons. When activated, these Grp+ neurons generated rarely seen, simultaneous robust pain and itch responses that were intensity dependent. Accordingly, we propose a "leaky gate" model in which Grp+ neurons transmit both itch and weak pain signals; however, upon strong painful stimuli, the recruitment of endogenous opioids works to close this gate, reducing overwhelming pain generated by parallel pathways. Consistent with our model, loss of these Grp+ neurons increased pain responses while itch was decreased. Our new model serves as an example of non-monotonic coding in the spinal cord and better explains observations in human psychophysical studies.

SUBMITTER: Sun S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5324710 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Leaky Gate Model: Intensity-Dependent Coding of Pain and Itch in the Spinal Cord.

Sun Shuohao S   Xu Qian Q   Guo Changxiong C   Guan Yun Y   Liu Qin Q   Dong Xinzhong X  

Neuron 20170201 4


Coding of itch versus pain has been heatedly debated for decades. However, the current coding theories (labeled line, intensity, and selectivity theory) cannot accommodate all experimental observations. Here we identified a subset of spinal interneurons, labeled by gastrin-releasing peptide (Grp), that receive direct synaptic input from both pain and itch primary sensory neurons. When activated, these Grp<sup>+</sup> neurons generated rarely seen, simultaneous robust pain and itch responses that  ...[more]

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2021-03-04 | GSE134003 | GEO