Dataset Information

Transcriptomic Profiling of the Maize (Zea mays L.) Leaf Response to Abiotic Stresses at the Seedling Stage.

ABSTRACT: Abiotic stresses, including drought, salinity, heat, and cold, negatively affect maize (Zea mays L.) development and productivity. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of resistance to abiotic stresses in maize, RNA-seq was used for global transcriptome profiling of B73 seedling leaves exposed to drought, salinity, heat, and cold stress. A total of 5,330 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected in differential comparisons between the control and each stressed sample, with 1,661, 2,019, 2,346, and 1,841 DEGs being identified in comparisons of the control with salinity, drought, heat, and cold stress, respectively. Functional annotations of DEGs suggested that the stress response was mediated by pathways involving hormone metabolism and signaling, transcription factors (TFs), very-long-chain fatty acid biosynthesis and lipid signaling, among others. Of the obtained DEGs (5,330), 167 genes are common to these four abiotic stresses, including 10 up-regulated TFs (five ERFs, two NACs, one ARF, one MYB, and one HD-ZIP) and two down-regulated TFs (one b-ZIP and one MYB-related), which suggested that common mechanisms may be initiated in response to different abiotic stresses in maize. This study contributes to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of maize leaf responses to abiotic stresses and could be useful for developing maize cultivars resistant to abiotic stresses.

SUBMITTER: Li P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5331654 | biostudies-literature | 2017

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Transcriptomic Profiling of the Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) Leaf Response to Abiotic Stresses at the Seedling Stage.

Li Pengcheng P Cao Wei W Fang Huimin H Xu Shuhui S Yin Shuangyi S Zhang Yingying Y Lin Dezhou D Wang Jianan J Chen Yufei Y Xu Chenwu C Yang Zefeng Z

Frontiers in plant science 20170301

Abiotic stresses, including drought, salinity, heat, and cold, negatively affect maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) development and productivity. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of resistance to abiotic stresses in maize, RNA-seq was used for global transcriptome profiling of B73 seedling leaves exposed to drought, salinity, heat, and cold stress. A total of 5,330 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected in differential comparisons between the control and each stressed sample, with 1,66 ...[more]

PMID: 28298920

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Project description:BackgroundTrihelix transcription factors play important roles in triggering plant growth and imparting tolerance against biotic and abiotic stresses. However, a systematical analysis of the trihelix transcription factor family under heat and drought stresses in maize has not been reported.MethodsPlantTFDB and TBtools were employed to identify the trihelix domain-containing genes in the maize genome. The heat-regulated transcriptome data for maize were obtained from NCBI to screen differentially expressed ZmTHs genes through statistical analysis. The basic protein sequences, chromosomal localization, and subcellular localization were analyzed using Maize GDB, Expasy, SOMPA, TBtools, and Plant-mPLoc. The conserved motifs, evolutionary relationships, and cis-elements, were analyzed by MEME, MEGA7.0 and PlantCARE software, respectively. The tissue expression patterns of ZmTHs and their expression profiles under heat and drought stress were detected using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR).ResultsA total of 44 trihelix family members were discovered, and members were distributed over 10 chromosomes in the maize genome. A total of 11 genes were identified that were regulated by heat stress; these were unevenly distributed on chromosomes 1, 2, 4, 5, and 10. ZmTHs encoded a total of 16 proteins, all of which were located in the nucleus; however, ZmTH04.1 was also distributed in the chloroplast. The protein length varied from 206 to 725 amino acids; the molecular weight ranged from 22.63 to 76.40 kD; and the theoretical isoelectric point (pI) ranged from 5.24 to 11.2. The protein's secondary structures were mainly found to be random coils and α-helices, with fewer instances of elongation chains and β-rotations. Phylogenetic relationship analysis showed that these can be divided into five sub-groups. The conserved domain of ZmTHs was GT1 or MyB_DNA-Bind_4. The protein and gene structure of ZmTHs differed greatly among the subfamilies, while the structures within the subfamilies were similar. The promoter of ZmTHs contained abundant tissue-specific expression cis-acting elements and abiotic stress response elements. qRT-PCR analysis showed that ZmTHs expression levels were significantly different in different tissues. Furthermore, the expression of ZmTH08 was dramatically up-regulated by heat stress, while the expression of ZmTH03, ZmTH04, ZmTH05, ZmTH06, ZmTH07, ZmTH09, ZmTH10, and ZmTH11 were down-regulated by heat stress. Upon PEG-simulated drought stress, ZmTH06 was significantly up-regulated, while ZmTH01 and ZmTH07 were down-regulated.ConclusionsWe performed a genome-wide, systematic identification and analysis of differentially expressed trihelix genes under heat and drought stresses in maize.

Project description:Drought and heat stresses are the major abiotic stress factors detrimental to maize (Zea mays L.) production. Much attention has been directed toward plant responses to heat or drought stress. However, maize reproductive stage responses to combined heat and drought remain less explored. Therefore, this study aimed to quantify the impact of optimum daytime (30°C, control) and warmer daytime temperatures (35°C, heat stress) on pollen germination, morpho-physiology, and yield potential using two maize genotypes ("Mo17" and "B73") under contrasting soil moisture content, that is, 100% and 40% irrigation during flowering. Pollen germination of both genotypes decreased under combined stresses (42%), followed by heat stress (30%) and drought stress (19%). Stomatal conductance and transpiration were comparable between control and heat stress but significantly decreased under combined stresses (83% and 72%) and drought stress (52% and 47%) compared with the control. Genotype "Mo17" reduced its green leaf area to minimize the water loss, which appears to be one of the adaptive strategies of "Mo17" under stress conditions. The leaf reflectance of both genotypes varied across treatments. Vegetation indices associated with pigments (chlorophyll index of green, chlorophyll index of red edge, and carotenoid index) and plant health (normalized difference red-edge index) were found to be highly sensitive to drought and combined stressors than heat stress. Combined drought and heat stresses caused a significant reduction in yield and yield components in both Mo17 (49%) and B73 (86%) genotypes. The harvest index of genotype "B73" was extremely low, indicating poor partitioning efficiency. At least when it comes to "B73," the cause of yield reduction appears to be the result of reduced sink number rather than the pollen and source size. To the best of our awareness, this is the first study that showed how the leaf-level spectra, yield, and quality parameters respond to the short duration of independent and combined stresses during flowering in inbred maize. Further studies are required to validate the responses of potential traits involving diverse maize genotypes under field conditions. This study suggests the need to develop maize with improved tolerance to combined stresses to sustain production under increasing temperatures and low rainfall conditions.

Dataset Information

Transcriptomic Profiling of the Maize (Zea mays L.) Leaf Response to Abiotic Stresses at the Seedling Stage.

Publications

Transcriptomic Profiling of the Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) Leaf Response to Abiotic Stresses at the Seedling Stage.

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