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Distinct Features of Cyanophage-encoded T-type Phycobiliprotein Lyase ?CpeT: THE ROLE OF AUXILIARY METABOLIC GENES.

ABSTRACT: Auxiliary metabolic genes (AMG) are commonly found in the genomes of phages that infect cyanobacteria and increase the fitness of the cyanophage. AMGs are often homologs of host genes, and also typically related to photosynthesis. For example, the ?cpeT gene in the cyanophage P-HM1 encodes a putative phycobiliprotein lyase related to cyanobacterial T-type lyases, which facilitate attachment of linear tetrapyrrole chromophores to Cys-155 of phycobiliprotein ?-subunits, suggesting that ?CpeT may also help assemble light-harvesting phycobiliproteins during infection. To investigate this possibility, we structurally and biochemically characterized recombinant ?CpeT. The solved crystal structure of ?CpeT at 1.8-Å resolution revealed that the protein adopts a similar fold as the cyanobacterial T-type lyase CpcT from Nostoc sp. PCC7120 but overall is more compact and smaller. ?CpeT specifically binds phycoerythrobilin (PEB) in vitro leading to a tight complex that can also be formed in Escherichia coli when it is co-expressed with genes encoding PEB biosynthesis (i.e. ho1 and pebS). The formed ?CpeT·PEB complex was very stable as the chromophore was not lost during chromatography and displayed a strong red fluorescence with a fluorescence quantum yield of ?F = 0.3. This complex was not directly able to transfer PEB to the host phycobiliprotein ?-subunit. However, it could assist the host lyase CpeS in its function by providing a pool of readily available PEB, a feature that might be important for fast phycobiliprotein assembly during phage infection.

SUBMITTER: Gasper R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5336146 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Distinct Features of Cyanophage-encoded T-type Phycobiliprotein Lyase ΦCpeT: THE ROLE OF AUXILIARY METABOLIC GENES.

Gasper Raphael R Schwach Julia J Hartmann Jana J Holtkamp Andrea A Wiethaus Jessica J Riedel Natascha N Hofmann Eckhard E Frankenberg-Dinkel Nicole N

The Journal of biological chemistry 20170110 8

Auxiliary metabolic genes (AMG) are commonly found in the genomes of phages that infect cyanobacteria and increase the fitness of the cyanophage. AMGs are often homologs of host genes, and also typically related to photosynthesis. For example, the Φ<i>cpeT</i> gene in the cyanophage P-HM1 encodes a putative phycobiliprotein lyase related to cyanobacterial T-type lyases, which facilitate attachment of linear tetrapyrrole chromophores to Cys-155 of phycobiliprotein β-subunits, suggesting that ΦCpe ...[more]

PMID: 28073912

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Project description:The oceanic cyanobacteria Prochlorococcus are globally important, ecologically diverse primary producers. It is thought that their viruses (phages) mediate population sizes and affect the evolutionary trajectories of their hosts. Here we present an analysis of genomes from three Prochlorococcus phages: a podovirus and two myoviruses. The morphology, overall genome features, and gene content of these phages suggest that they are quite similar to T7-like (P-SSP7) and T4-like (P-SSM2 and P-SSM4) phages. Using the existing phage taxonomic framework as a guideline, we examined genome sequences to establish "core" genes for each phage group. We found the podovirus contained 15 of 26 core T7-like genes and the two myoviruses contained 43 and 42 of 75 core T4-like genes. In addition to these core genes, each genome contains a significant number of "cyanobacterial" genes, i.e., genes with significant best BLAST hits to genes found in cyanobacteria. Some of these, we speculate, represent "signature" cyanophage genes. For example, all three phage genomes contain photosynthetic genes (psbA, hliP) that are thought to help maintain host photosynthetic activity during infection, as well as an aldolase family gene (talC) that could facilitate alternative routes of carbon metabolism during infection. The podovirus genome also contains an integrase gene (int) and other features that suggest it is capable of integrating into its host. If indeed it is, this would be unprecedented among cultured T7-like phages or marine cyanophages and would have significant evolutionary and ecological implications for phage and host. Further, both myoviruses contain phosphate-inducible genes (phoH and pstS) that are likely to be important for phage and host responses to phosphate stress, a commonly limiting nutrient in marine systems. Thus, these marine cyanophages appear to be variations of two well-known phages-T7 and T4-but contain genes that, if functional, reflect adaptations for infection of photosynthetic hosts in low-nutrient oceanic environments.

Dataset Information

Distinct Features of Cyanophage-encoded T-type Phycobiliprotein Lyase ?CpeT: THE ROLE OF AUXILIARY METABOLIC GENES.

Publications

Distinct Features of Cyanophage-encoded T-type Phycobiliprotein Lyase ΦCpeT: THE ROLE OF AUXILIARY METABOLIC GENES.

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