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Addressing multilevel barriers to cervical cancer screening in Korean American women: A randomized trial of a community-based intervention.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Korean American women have among the lowest rates of cervical cancer screening in the United States. The authors evaluated a multicomponent intervention combining community education with navigation services to reduce access barriers and increase screening rates in this underserved population. It was hypothesized that cervical cancer screening rates would be higher among women who received the intervention program compared with those in the control program. METHODS:Korean American women (N?=?705) were recruited from 22 churches. In this matched-pair, group-randomized design, 347 women received the intervention, which consisted of a culturally relevant cancer education program combined with provision of navigation services. The control group (N?=?358) received general health education, including information about cervical cancer risk and screening and where to obtain low-cost or no-cost screening. Screening behavior was assessed 12 months after the program. RESULTS:Screening behavior data were obtained from 588 women 12 months after the program. In both site-level and participant-level analyses, the intervention program contributed to significantly higher screening rates compared with the control program (odds ratio [OR], 25.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], 10.1-66.1; P?

SUBMITTER: Fang CY

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5339039 | biostudies-literature | 2017 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Addressing multilevel barriers to cervical cancer screening in Korean American women: A randomized trial of a community-based intervention.

Fang Carolyn Y CY Ma Grace X GX Handorf Elizabeth A EA Feng Ziding Z Tan Yin Y Rhee Joanne J Miller Suzanne M SM Kim Charles C Koh Han Seung HS

Cancer 20161121 6

<h4>Background</h4>Korean American women have among the lowest rates of cervical cancer screening in the United States. The authors evaluated a multicomponent intervention combining community education with navigation services to reduce access barriers and increase screening rates in this underserved population. It was hypothesized that cervical cancer screening rates would be higher among women who received the intervention program compared with those in the control program.<h4>Methods</h4>Kore ...[more]

PMID: 27869293

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Project description:IntroductionRoutine cervical screening has been shown to greatly reduce both the number of new cervical cancers diagnosed each year and the number of deaths resulting from the disease. Nevertheless, cervical screening knowledge and screening uptake is very low in developing countries. In Ethiopia, the coverage of cervical cancer screening is only 1%. In this study, we aimed to assess cervical cancer screening knowledge and barriers for screening uptake among women in Addis Ababa Ethiopia.MethodsA facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February to March 2015 in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A total of 520 women were selected by a multi-stage sampling procedure. Interview based questioner was used to collect the data. Descriptive statistics was used to describe the socio-demographic and clinical profiles of the women. Multivariate logistic regression using adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to identify independent predictors for cervical screening knowledge. A p-value of <0.05 was set to determine level of statistical significance.ResultsAmong all women, 42.7% had heard of cervical cancer screening and 144 (27.7%) women had adequate knowledge of cervical cancer screening. The mean (±SD) age of women was 27.7 (±5.49) years. In total, a quarter (25%) of eligible women had experience of cervical cancer screening. Not being married (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.8, 1.1-3.3), having an awareness of cervical cancer (AOR = 5.0, 2.7-9.1) and receiving information from health professionals (AOR = 1.9, 1.1-3.2) were the predictors for good cervical cancer screening knowledge. An absence of symptoms (57%), a lack of knowledge about screening (56.3%) and the lack of a screening service in their living area (42.2%) were the perceived barriers for screening uptake.ConclusionsCervical screening knowledge was low among women and less than half had heard of screening. Women also had low experience of screening. The lack of a screening service, the absence of symptoms and not knowing about screening were the perceived reasons for the low uptake. Hence, awareness campaigns and education should be undertaken by health professionals. Access and availability of screening service is also essential to improve screening uptake.

Project description:BackgroundNorway implemented a regular cervical cancer screening program based on triennial screening in 1995, recommending participation of all women between 25 and 69 years of age. Somali and Pakistani women have the lowest participation in cervical cancer screening in Norway. This study evaluates the effect of a community-based intervention aimed at increasing participation in the screening program among women from these two groups.MethodsThe intervention consisted of an oral 20-25 min presentation in Urdu and Somali on cervical cancer and screening and practical information on how to make an appointment and payment for the test. The participants were invited to pose questions related to the topic after the presentation. This study was carried out in four geographical areas surrounding the capital Oslo between February and October 2017, among women aged 25-69 years from Pakistan and Somalia. We recruited women in the intervention group directly from different community institutions, households, and religious sites. Women from Pakistan and Somalia residing in Oslo were the controls. The absolute intervention effect was measured as difference in absolute proportion of women screened and estimated as the interaction between time and group allocation in a generalized estimation equation model with binomial distribution and identity link function.ResultsThe percentage of women screened in the intervention group increased, from 46 to 51%. The corresponding increase in proportion in the control group was from 44 to 45.5%. After adjustment for potential confounders the intervention group showed a significant larger increase in participation in the screening program as compared to the control group with an absolute difference in change in proportion screened of 0.03 (95% CI; 0.02- 0.06).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that theory-based, culturally and linguistically sensitive educational interventions can raise awareness and motivate immigrant women to participate in cervical cancer screening program. In addition, approaching health professionals as well as immigrant women, might improve participation even more.Trial registrationNCT03155581 . Retrospectively registered, on 16 May 2017.

Project description:IntroductionU.S. Hispanic women suffer a disproportionate burden of cervical cancer, with incidence and mortality rates almost twice that of whites. Community health workers, or promotoras, are considered a potential strategy for eliminating such racial and ethnic health disparities. The current study is a randomized trial of a promotora-led educational intervention focused on cervical cancer in a local Hispanic community.MethodsFour promotoras led a series of two workshops with community members covering content related to cervical cancer. Sociodemographic characteristics, cervical cancer risk, previous screening history, cervical cancer knowledge, and self-efficacy were measured by a pre-intervention questionnaire. The post-intervention questionnaire measured the following outcomes: cervical cancer knowledge (on a 0-6 scale), self-efficacy (on a 0-5 scale), and receipt of Pap smear screening during the previous 6 months (dichotomous). Univariate analyses were performed using chi square, t-test, and the Mann-Whitney test. Multivariate logistic regression was used to model the association between explanatory variables and receipt of Pap smear screening.ResultsThere were no statistically significant differences between the two experimental groups at baseline. Follow-up data revealed significant improvements in all outcome measures: Pap smear screening (65% vs. 36%, p-value 0.02), cervical cancer knowledge (5.4 vs. 3.5, p-value<0.001), and self-efficacy (4.7 vs. 4.0, p-value 0.002). In multivariate analysis, cervical cancer knowledge (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.10-2.81) and intervention group assignment (OR 6.74, 95% CI 1.77-25.66) were associated with receiving a Pap smear during the follow-up period.DiscussionOur randomized trial of a promotora-led educational intervention demonstrated improved Pap screening rates, in addition to increased knowledge about cervical cancer and self-efficacy. The observed association between cervical cancer knowledge and Pap smear receipt underscores the importance of educating vulnerable populations about the diseases that disproportionately affect them. Future research should evaluate such programs on a larger scale, and identify novel targets for intervention.

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Addressing multilevel barriers to cervical cancer screening in Korean American women: A randomized trial of a community-based intervention.

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Addressing multilevel barriers to cervical cancer screening in Korean American women: A randomized trial of a community-based intervention.

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