ArtiFacts: Femoroacetabular Impingement-A New Pathology?
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SUBMITTER: Zurmuhle CA
PROVIDER: S-EPMC5339162 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Apr
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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ArtiFacts: Femoroacetabular Impingement-A New Pathology?
Zurmühle Corinne A CA Milella Marco M Steppacher Simon D SD Hanke Markus S MS Albers Christoph E CE Tannast Moritz M
Clinical orthopaedics and related research 20170213 4
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Project description:Purpose of reviewFemoroacetabular impingement is a common cause of hip pain in young patients and has been shown to progress to osteoarthritis. The purpose of this review is to better understand the development of femoroacetabular impingement.Recent findingsRecent literature shows little genetic transmission of FAI. However, molecular studies show strong similarities with the cartilage in osteoarthritis. The development of cam lesions has a strong association with sports participation, particularly at the time of physeal closure suggesting abnormal development. Lumbar, pelvis, and femoral biomechanics may also play an important role in dynamic impingement. In summary, femoroacetabular impingement is a dynamic process with many influences. Further research is needed to clarify the pathophysiology of FAI development in hopes of finding preventative options to reduce symptoms and progression to osteoarthritis.
| S-EPMC6684670 | biostudies-literature
Project description:With an increasing understanding of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) and advancement of the surgical treatment in patients with FAI, various techniques have been published. Successful outcome after arthroscopic hip surgery depends on appropriately reshaping the bony architecture to allow for improved range of motion before impingement symptoms occur, with special attention to preserve the labrum and restore its function. We present our surgical technique for the arthroscopic treatment of FAI.
| S-EPMC3678601 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeTo review the relative accuracy of preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and fluoroscopically guided examination-under-sedation (EUS) findings and to explore the validity of the anterior acetabular sector angle (AASA) as a radiologic MRI-based marker of anterior acetabular coverage in pincer-type impingement.MethodsA cohort of 150 consecutive patients undergoing primary hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) in 2018 to 2019 was reviewed. The inclusion criteria were pure FAI unilateral symptomatic pathology and the availability of complete data sets (MRI, EUS, and intraoperative records). Preoperative MRI and EUS findings were compared with gold-standard intraoperative arthroscopic findings, specifically evaluating the alpha angle in the presence of cam lesions, AASA in the presence of pincer lesions, as well as soft-tissue lesions. An alpha angle greater than 50° and an AASA greater than 65° were deemed pathologic.ResultsThe patient cohort included 78 women and 72 men with an average age of 38 years (range, 18-53 years). Intraoperatively, pincer lesions were present in 20% of patients; cam lesions, 26%; and mixed impingement, 54%. MRI versus EUS correctly identified pincer lesions in 36% versus 89% of cases and identified cam lesions in 44% versus 77% of cases. MRI findings characterizing labral tears and articular cartilage pathology were accurate in 80% and 10% of cases, respectively. Although there was no difference in the AASA between pure pincer- and mixed-type impingements (62° and 63°, respectively; P = .62), there was a statistically significant difference in reported AASA values between pure cam-type impingement and impingement involving the presence of pincer lesions (57° and 63°, respectively; P = .03). Furthermore, 31% of patients with intraoperatively identified pincer lesions had an AASA of 60° to 65°.ConclusionsFluoroscopic EUS is accurate in characterizing FAI pathology. In addition, MRI is useful to diagnose or rule out non-FAI pathology, ascertain labral pathology, and outline hip alignment. These methods of preoperative planning are complementary.Level of evidenceLevel IV, therapeutic case series.
| S-EPMC8689150 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Precise osteochondroplasty is key for success in hip arthroscopic surgery, especially for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) caused by cam or pincer morphology. In this Technical Note, we present computer-assisted hip arthroscopic surgery for FAI, including preoperative planning by virtual osteochondroplasty and intraoperative computer navigation assistance. The important concept of this technique is that navigation assistance for osteochondroplasty is based on planning made by computer simulation analysis. The navigation assistance allows us to perform neither too much nor too little osteochondroplasty. Specifically, computer simulation was used to identify the impingement point. Virtual osteochondroplasty was then performed to determine the maneuvers that would improve range of motion. Thereafter, the planning data were transported to a computed tomography-based computer navigation system that directly provided intraoperative assistance. Thus, computer-assisted technology including preoperative simulation, virtual osteochondroplasty planning, and intraoperative navigation assistance may promote precise hip arthroscopic surgery for FAI.
| S-EPMC5983053 | biostudies-literature
Project description:AimsFemoroacetabular Junction Impingement (FAI) describes abnormalities in the shape of the femoral head-neck junction, or abnormalities in the orientation of the acetabulum. In the short term, FAI can give rise to pain and disability, and in the long-term it significantly increases the risk of developing osteoarthritis. The Femoroacetabular Impingement Trial (FAIT) aims to determine whether operative or non-operative intervention is more effective at improving symptoms and preventing the development and progression of osteoarthritis.MethodsFAIT is a multicentre superiority parallel two-arm randomised controlled trial comparing physiotherapy and activity modification with arthroscopic surgery for the treatment of symptomatic FAI. Patients aged 18 to 60 with clinical and radiological evidence of FAI are eligible. Principal exclusion criteria include previous surgery to the index hip, established osteoarthritis (Kellgren-Lawrence ≥ 2), hip dysplasia (centre-edge angle < 20°), and completion of a physiotherapy programme targeting FAI within the previous 12 months. Recruitment will take place over 24 months and 120 patients will be randomised in a 1:1 ratio and followed up for three years. The two primary outcome measures are change in hip outcome score eight months post-randomisation (approximately six-months post-intervention initiation) and change in radiographic minimum joint space width 38 months post-randomisation. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01893034. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2014;3:321-7.
| S-EPMC4248299 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The use of hip arthroscopy is gaining popularity for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. With our increasing understanding of hip biomechanics and pathophysiology, our techniques for treatment are evolving as well. The main aim is to preserve the joint and prolong the degenerative process associated with femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). In general, combined pathology is encountered when a diagnosis of FAI is established. In our experience, we have seen large number of patients with a combination of cam and pincer lesions with or without associated labral tears. It is optimal to address all symptomatic pathology with one surgical intervention. The described technique shows the feasibility of dealing with the hip FAI pathology by using traction sutures on the capsule through a 2-portal technique.
| S-EPMC4175160 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Pincer femoroacetabular impingement occurs in focal or global forms, the latter having more generalized and typically more extreme acetabular overcoverage. Severe global deformities are often treated with open surgical dislocation of the hip. Arthroscopic technical challenges relate to difficulties with hip distraction; central-compartment access; and instrument navigation, acetabuloplasty, and chondrolabral surgery of the posterior acetabulum. Techniques addressing these challenges are introduced permitting dual-portal hip arthroscopy with central-compartment access, subtotal acetabuloplasty, and circumferential chondrolabral surgery. The modified midanterior portal in combination with a zone-specific sequence of acetabular rim reduction monitored with fluoroscopic templating enables precision subtotal acetabuloplasty. Guidelines for acetabular rim reduction include the following suggested radiographic endpoints: postoperative center-edge angle of 35°, a neutral posterior wall sign, and an anterior margin ratio of 0.5. Arthroscopic zone-specific chondrophobic rim preparation and circumferential labral reparative and reconstructive techniques and tools permit the arthroscopic treatment of these challenging deformities.
| S-EPMC4044509 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The role of capsular repair in the arthroscopic treatment of femoroacetabular impingement remains poorly defined. Some surgeons rarely repair the capsule, whereas others perform repairs routinely. There is little direct clinical evidence to guide surgeon decision making. When capsular repairs are performed, the procedure requires adequate visualization and careful suture placement either to re-establish the patient's normal capsular volume or to plicate a redundant capsule in a hip with hyperlaxity preoperatively. We present our preferred technique for arthroscopic capsular repair.
| S-EPMC3986652 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionFemoroacetabular Impingement (FAI) is a hip pathology characterized by impingement of the femoral head-neck junction against the acetabular rim, due to abnormalities in bone morphology. FAI is normally diagnosed by manual evaluation of morphologic features on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this study, we assess, for the first time, the feasibility of using radiomics to detect FAI by automatically extracting quantitative features from images.Material and methods17 patients diagnosed with monolateral FAI underwent pre-surgical MR imaging, including a 3D Dixon sequence of the pelvis. An expert radiologist drew regions of interest on the water-only Dixon images outlining femur and acetabulum in both impingement (IJ) and healthy joints (HJ). 182 radiomic features were extracted for each hip. The dataset numerosity was increased by 60 times with an ad-hoc data augmentation tool. Features were subdivided by type and region in 24 subsets. For each, a univariate ANOVA F-value analysis was applied to find the 5 features most correlated with IJ based on p-value, for a total of 48 subsets. For each subset, a K-nearest neighbor model was trained to differentiate between IJ and HJ using the values of the radiomic features in the subset as input. The training was repeated 100 times, randomly subdividing the data with 75%/25% training/testing.ResultsThe texture-based gray level features yielded the highest prediction max accuracy (0.972) with the smallest subset of features. This suggests that the gray image values are more homogeneously distributed in the HJ in comparison to IJ, which could be due to stress-related inflammation resulting from impingement.ConclusionsWe showed that radiomics can automatically distinguish IJ from HJ using water-only Dixon MRI. To our knowledge, this is the first application of radiomics for FAI diagnosis. We reported an accuracy greater than 97%, which is higher than the 90% accuracy for detecting FAI reported for standard diagnostic tests (90%). Our proposed radiomic analysis could be combined with methods for automated joint segmentation to rapidly identify patients with FAI, avoiding time-consuming radiological measurements of bone morphology.
| S-EPMC10365279 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The etiology of primary femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) remains controversial. Both genetic and acquired causes have been postulated and studied. While recent studies suggest that genetic factors may have a role in the development of FAI, there is no conclusive evidence that FAI is transmitted genetically. Currently, the most popular theory for the development of cam-type deformities is that a repetitive injury to the proximal femoral physis occurs during a critical period of development. There is a correlation between a high volume of impact activities during adolescence and the development of cam-type deformities. Multiple studies have found a high prevalence of FAI in elite football, ice hockey, basketball and soccer players. In this article, we review the current literature relating to the etiology of primary FAI.
| S-EPMC4765309 | biostudies-literature