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Molecular and pathological studies on natural cases of bovine theileriosis.

ABSTRACT: The present communication is a part of study conducted on 32 cases of bovine lymphadenopathies. Out of which, six cases of bovine theileriosis were diagnosed on the basis of peripheral blood smear examination and gross lesions in lymph nodes and visceral organs. Nested PCR using two primer sets N516/N517 and 14136/294 was conducted on samples collected from affected lymph nodes confirms Theileria annulata infection in five out of six cases. Sequencing analysis of amplified product showed 92, 94 and 93 % homology of isolate TH1_Bovine, TH2_Bovine and THEN_Bovine for T. annulata with T. annulata Tamilnadu and Pant Nagar. An upregulation of Th2 cytokines in the cases of theileriosis was observed as the level of TNF-? in individual animals varies from higher value (1028 pg/100 ?g protein) to as low as 500 pg/100 ?g protein. An increase in level of Th2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 was also observed. The present study concluded that pathological studies and cytokine analysis of lymph nodes are of paramount importance in disease diagnosis and associated immune response of the animal with lymphadenopathies.

SUBMITTER: Gupta A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5339203 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Molecular and pathological studies on natural cases of bovine theileriosis.

Gupta Anamika A Gupta Kuldip K Leishangthem Geeta Devi GD Bal Mandeep Singh MS Sood N K NK Singh Amarjit A

Journal of parasitic diseases : official organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology 20160526 1

The present communication is a part of study conducted on 32 cases of bovine lymphadenopathies. Out of which, six cases of bovine theileriosis were diagnosed on the basis of peripheral blood smear examination and gross lesions in lymph nodes and visceral organs. Nested PCR using two primer sets N516/N517 and 14136/294 was conducted on samples collected from affected lymph nodes confirms <i>Theileria annulata</i> infection in five out of six cases. Sequencing analysis of amplified product showed ...[more]

PMID: 28316415

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Project description:Background: Bovine papillomatosis (BP) is considered the most common health problem in large cattle farms. Aim: This study attempts to confirm clinically suspected BP in cattle by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay, histopathology, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and genotyping analysis of local isolates. Methods: According to morphological appearance and lesion features, a cross sectional study of 54 clinically diagnosed BP cattle was assigned to this current investigation from May to August (2021) in Al-Kut district (Wasit Province, Iraq) private veterinary clinics using purposive sampling technique based on set criteria. The cattle were diagnosed clinically, and the tissues were collected and some fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin and other stored frozen and examined by histopathological technique, IHC, and PCR assays. Results: Using PCR assay, all cattle were positive for the BPV L1 gene. According to detect the L1 gene, analysis of the phylogenetic tree showed that local BPV cattle isolates were closely related to the NCBI-BLAST BPV type-1 and type-2 of the Polish equine isolate (KF284133.1) and BPV Brazilian Bostaurus isolate (MH187961.1), respectively. Histological detection showed there were acanthosis, hyperkeratosis, epidermal thickening, severe infiltration of mononuclear cells, massive hemorrhage, dermal fibroplasias, multifocal spongiosis, moderate neovascularization, moderate to severe elongation of the retention ridge towards the dermis, parakeratosis, rings of calcification, and necrosis with nuclear pyknosis of some spinosum cells. Immunohistochemical findings of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, epidermal growth factor receptor and Fascin showed a significant variation in values of immunoreaction in the dermis and epidermis. These results ranged from negative (0) to mild positive (+1) to moderate positive (+2) reactions. Conclusion: The study provided essential molecular and genotyping data to improve our knowledge by emphasizing the crucial of IHC as an elegant diagnostic method to detect cellular alterations.

Project description:BACKGROUND: Despite its global recognition as a ruminant pathogen, cases of Chlamydia pecorum infection in Australian livestock are poorly documented. In this report, a C. pecorum specific Multi Locus Sequence Analysis scheme was used to characterise the C. pecorum strains implicated in two cases of sporadic bovine encephalomyelitis confirmed by necropsy, histopathology and immunohistochemistry. This report provides the first molecular evidence for the presence of mixed infections of C. pecorum strains in Australian cattle. CASE PRESENTATION: Affected animals were two markedly depressed, dehydrated and blind calves, 12 and 16 weeks old. The calves were euthanized and necropsied. In one calf, a severe fibrinous polyserositis was noted with excess joint fluid in all joints whereas in the other, no significant lesions were seen. No gross abnormalities were noted in the brain of either calf. Histopathological lesions seen in both calves included: multifocal, severe, subacute meningoencephalitis with vasculitis, fibrinocellular thrombosis and malacia; diffuse, mild, acute interstitial pneumonia; and diffuse, subacute epicarditis, severe in the calf with gross serositis. Immunohistochemical labelling of chlamydial antigen in brain, spleen and lung from the two affected calves and brain from two archived cases, localised the antigen to the cytoplasm of endothelium, mesothelium and macrophages. C. pecorum specific qPCR, showed dissemination of the pathogen to multiple organs. Phylogenetic comparisons with other C. pecorum bovine strains from Australia, Europe and the USA revealed the presence of two genetically distinct sequence types (ST). The predominant ST detected in the brain, heart, lung and liver of both calves was identical to the C. pecorum ST previously described in cases of SBE. A second ST detected in an ileal tissue sample from one of the calves, clustered with previously typed faecal bovine isolates. CONCLUSION: This report provides the first data to suggest that identical C. pecorum STs may be associated with SBE in geographically separated countries and that these may be distinct from those found in the gastrointestinal tract. This report provides a platform for further investigations into SBE and for understanding the genetic relationships that exist between C. pecorum strains detected in association with other infectious diseases in livestock.

Dataset Information

Molecular and pathological studies on natural cases of bovine theileriosis.

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Molecular and pathological studies on natural cases of bovine theileriosis.

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