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A modification of the constant-head permeameter to measure saturated hydraulic conductivity of highly permeable media.

ABSTRACT: The saturated hydraulic conductivity (K_s ) is a key characteristic of porous media, describing the rate of water flow through saturated porous media. It is an indispensable parameter in a broad range of simulation models that quantify saturated and/or unsaturated water flow. The constant-head permeameter test is a common laboratory method to determine K_s on undisturbed soil samples collected from the field. In this paper we show that the application of this conventional method may result in a biased K_s in the case of highly permeable media, such as the top layer of Sphagnum peat and gravel. Tubes in the conventional permeameter, that collect water under the sample, introduce a hydraulic head-dependent resistance for highly permeable media and result in an underestimation of K_s . We present a simple and low-budget alternative of the constant-head permeameter test that overcomes the disadvantages of conventional permeameters. The new method was successfully tested on intact highly permeable peatmoss collected from a northern peatland. •Conventional constant-head permeameters underestimate K_s of highly permeable media due to flow resistance in tubing systems•We developed the low-resistance permeameter to overcome this disadvantage.•Testing of the low-resistance permeameter demonstrated no systematic bias and successful application for highly permeable media.

SUBMITTER: Nijp JJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5345952 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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