White matter maturation is associated with the emergence of Theory of Mind in early childhood.

ABSTRACT: The ability to attribute mental states to other individuals is crucial for human cognition. A milestone of this ability is reached around the age of 4, when children start understanding that others can have false beliefs about the world. The neural basis supporting this critical step is currently unknown. Here, we relate this behavioural change to the maturation of white matter structure in 3- and 4-year-old children. Tract-based spatial statistics and probabilistic tractography show that the developmental breakthrough in false belief understanding is associated with age-related changes in local white matter structure in temporoparietal regions, the precuneus and medial prefrontal cortex, and with increased dorsal white matter connectivity between temporoparietal and inferior frontal regio

SUBMITTER: Grosse Wiesmann C 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5364393 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature