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Diversity of Ktedonobacteria with Actinomycetes-Like Morphology in Terrestrial Environments.

ABSTRACT: Bacteria with an actinomycetes-like morphology have recently been discovered, and the class Ktedonobacteria was created for these bacteria in the phylum Chloroflexi. They may prove to be a valuable resource with the potential to produce unprecedented secondary metabolites. However, our understanding of their diversity, richness, habitat, and ecological significance is very limited. We herein developed a 16S rRNA gene-targeted, Ktedonobacteria-specific primer and analyzed ktedonobacterial amplicons. We investigated abundance, diversity, and community structure in forest and garden soils, sand, bark, geothermal sediment, and compost. Forest soils had the highest diversity among the samples tested (1181-2934 operational taxonomic units [OTUs]; Chao 1 estimate, 2503-5613; Shannon index, 4.21-6.42). A phylogenetic analysis of representative OTUs revealed at least eight groups within unclassified Ktedonobacterales, expanding the known diversity of this order. Ktedonobacterial communities markedly varied among our samples. The common mesic environments (soil, sand, and bark) were dominated by diverse phylotypes within the eight groups. In contrast, compost and geothermal sediment samples were dominated by known ktedonobacterial families (Thermosporotrichaceae and Thermogemmatisporaceae, respectively). The relative abundance of Ktedonobacteria in the communities, based on universal primers, was ?0.8%, but was 12.9% in the geothermal sediment. These results suggest that unknown diverse Ktedonobacteria inhabit common environments including forests, gardens, and sand at low abundances, as well as extreme environments such as geothermal areas.

SUBMITTER: Yabe S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5371077 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Diversity of Ktedonobacteria with Actinomycetes-Like Morphology in Terrestrial Environments.

Yabe Shuhei S Sakai Yasuteru Y Abe Keietsu K Yokota Akira A

Microbes and environments 20170317 1

Bacteria with an actinomycetes-like morphology have recently been discovered, and the class Ktedonobacteria was created for these bacteria in the phylum Chloroflexi. They may prove to be a valuable resource with the potential to produce unprecedented secondary metabolites. However, our understanding of their diversity, richness, habitat, and ecological significance is very limited. We herein developed a 16S rRNA gene-targeted, Ktedonobacteria-specific primer and analyzed ktedonobacterial amplico ...[more]

PMID: 28321007

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Project description:Mycorrhizal fungi plays important roles in the seed germination and subsequent growth of orchids. The research of fungi in orchid roots, especially dominant mycorrhizal fungi is critical for orchids protection. In this study, the fungal community and composition of mycorrhizal fungi in roots, rhizomes and rhizosphere soil of Bulbophyllum tianguii grown in three terrestrial environments were analyzed by the second generation sequencing technology. The results of OTU clustering and α and β diversity analysis showed that there were significant differences in fungal communities in roots, rhizomes and rhizosphere soil of B. tianguii. The total number of OTUs in rhizomes was much less than that in roots and rhizosphere soil. The number of OTUs in rhizosphere soil and the diversity of mycorrhizal fungi were the highest. Meanwhile, the species and abundance of mycorrhizal fungi in roots and rhizomes of B. tianguii were different from those in rhizosphere soil. For different elevations, compared with B. tianguii that grow in middle of Tiankeng and top of Tiankeng, the OTUs number of B. tianguii in orchid garden is richest, and the diversity of mycorrhizal fungi in orchid garden was significantly higher than other locations. Among the three different habitats of B. tianguii, the number of OTUs in humus soil and stone habitats was notably higher than tree habitats, and the diversity of mycorrhizal fungi in humus soil was the highest. The analysis of mycorrhizal fungi in different habitats and altitudes of B. tianguii showed that Sebacina and Exophiala were the dominant mycorrhizal fungi in B. tianguii. The results of species annotation, phylogenetic tree and co-occurrence network analysis showed the dominant mycorrhizal fungi of B. tianguii mainly included Sebacina, Cladosporium, Exophiala, Fusarium. This study reveals the symbiotic relationship between Sebacina, Exophiala, Cladosporium and the B. Tianguii. It will provide a theoretical basis for the protection and biological function study of B. Tianguii.

Dataset Information

Diversity of Ktedonobacteria with Actinomycetes-Like Morphology in Terrestrial Environments.

Publications

Diversity of Ktedonobacteria with Actinomycetes-Like Morphology in Terrestrial Environments.

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