Dataset Information

Tobacco Town: Computational Modeling of Policy Options to Reduce Tobacco Retailer Density.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVES:To identify the behavioral mechanisms and effects of tobacco control policies designed to reduce tobacco retailer density. METHODS:We developed the Tobacco Town agent-based simulation model to examine 4 types of retailer reduction policies: (1) random retailer reduction, (2) restriction by type of retailer, (3) limiting proximity of retailers to schools, and (4) limiting proximity of retailers to each other. The model examined the effects of these policies alone and in combination across 4 different types of towns, defined by 2 levels of population density (urban vs suburban) and 2 levels of income (higher vs lower). RESULTS:Model results indicated that reduction of retailer density has the potential to decrease accessibility of tobacco products by driving up search and purchase costs. Policy effects varied by town type: proximity policies worked better in dense, urban towns whereas retailer type and random retailer reduction worked better in less-dense, suburban settings. CONCLUSIONS:Comprehensive retailer density reduction policies have excellent potential to reduce the public health burden of tobacco use in communities.

SUBMITTER: Luke DA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5388950 | biostudies-literature | 2017 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Tobacco Town: Computational Modeling of Policy Options to Reduce Tobacco Retailer Density.

Luke Douglas A DA Hammond Ross A RA Combs Todd T Sorg Amy A Kasman Matt M Mack-Crane Austen A Ribisl Kurt M KM Henriksen Lisa L

American journal of public health 20170501 5

<h4>Objectives</h4>To identify the behavioral mechanisms and effects of tobacco control policies designed to reduce tobacco retailer density.<h4>Methods</h4>We developed the Tobacco Town agent-based simulation model to examine 4 types of retailer reduction policies: (1) random retailer reduction, (2) restriction by type of retailer, (3) limiting proximity of retailers to schools, and (4) limiting proximity of retailers to each other. The model examined the effects of these policies alone and in ...[more]

PMID: 28398792

Similar Datasets

Project description:OBJECTIVES: To estimate the potential impact of universal screening for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (National Health Service Health Checks) on disease burden and socioeconomic inequalities in health in England, and to compare universal screening with alternative feasible strategies. DESIGN: Microsimulation study of a close-to-reality synthetic population. Five scenarios were considered: baseline scenario, assuming that current trends in risk factors will continue in the future; universal screening; screening concentrated only in the most deprived areas; structural population-wide intervention; and combination of population-wide intervention and concentrated screening. SETTING: Synthetic population with similar characteristics to the community dwelling population of England. PARTICIPANTS: Synthetic people with traits informed by the health survey for England. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Cardiovascular disease cases and deaths prevented or postponed by 2030, stratified by fifths of socioeconomic status using the index of multiple deprivation. RESULTS: Compared with the baseline scenario, universal screening may prevent or postpone approximately 19?000 cases (interquartile range 11?000-28?000) and 3000 deaths (-1000-6000); concentrated screening 17?000 cases (9000-26?000) and 2000 deaths (-1000-5000); population-wide intervention 67?000 cases (57?000-77?000) and 8000 deaths (4000-11?000); and the combination of the population-wide intervention and concentrated screening 82?000 cases (73?000-93?000) and 9000 deaths (6000-13?000). The most equitable strategy would be the combination of the population-wide intervention and concentrated screening, followed by concentrated screening alone and the population-wide intervention. Universal screening had the least apparent impact on socioeconomic inequalities in health. CONCLUSIONS: When primary prevention strategies for reducing cardiovascular disease burden and inequalities are compared, universal screening seems less effective than alternative strategies, which incorporate population-wide approaches. Further research is needed to identify the best mix of population-wide and risk targeted CVD strategies to maximise cost effectiveness and minimise inequalities.

Dataset Information

Tobacco Town: Computational Modeling of Policy Options to Reduce Tobacco Retailer Density.

Publications

Tobacco Town: Computational Modeling of Policy Options to Reduce Tobacco Retailer Density.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure