Dataset Information

Human Subthalamic Nucleus Theta and Beta Oscillations Entrain Neuronal Firing During Sensorimotor Conflict.

ABSTRACT: Recent evidence has suggested that prefrontal cortical structures may inhibit impulsive actions during conflict through activation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN). Consistent with this hypothesis, deep brain stimulation to the STN has been associated with altered prefrontal cortical activity and impaired response inhibition. The interactions between oscillatory activity in the STN and its presumably antikinetic neuronal spiking, however, remain poorly understood. Here, we simultaneously recorded intraoperative local field potential and spiking activity from the human STN as participants performed a sensorimotor action selection task involving conflict. We identified several STN neuronal response types that exhibited different temporal dynamics during the task. Some neurons showed early, cue-related firing rate increases that remained elevated longer during high conflict trials, whereas other neurons showed late, movement-related firing rate increases. Notably, the high conflict trials were associated with an entrainment of individual neurons by theta- and beta-band oscillations, both of which have been observed in cortical structures involved in response inhibition. Our data suggest that frequency-specific activity in the beta and theta bands influence STN firing to inhibit impulsivity during conflict.

SUBMITTER: Zavala B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5390852 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Human Subthalamic Nucleus Theta and Beta Oscillations Entrain Neuronal Firing During Sensorimotor Conflict.

Zavala Baltazar B Damera Srikanth S Dong Jian Wilson JW Lungu Codrin C Brown Peter P Zaghloul Kareem A KA

Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) 20170101 1

Recent evidence has suggested that prefrontal cortical structures may inhibit impulsive actions during conflict through activation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN). Consistent with this hypothesis, deep brain stimulation to the STN has been associated with altered prefrontal cortical activity and impaired response inhibition. The interactions between oscillatory activity in the STN and its presumably antikinetic neuronal spiking, however, remain poorly understood. Here, we simultaneously recorde ...[more]

PMID: 26494798

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Project description:The subthalamic nucleus is thought to play a crucial role in controlling impulsive actions. Networked among the basal ganglia and receiving input from several cortical areas, the subthalamic nucleus is well positioned to influence action selection when faced with competing and conflicting action outcomes. The purpose of this study was to test the dissociable roles of the dorsal and ventral aspects of the subthalamic nucleus during action conflict in patients with Parkinson's disease undergoing intraoperative neurophysiological recording and to explore a potential mechanism for this inhibitory control. We hypothesized that modulations of neurophysiological activity during action conflict would be more pronounced in the dorsal subthalamic nucleus compared with the ventral subthalamic nucleus, due to the dissociation of cortical afferents to subthalamic nucleus subregions and previous findings of deep brain stimulation targeting subthalamic nucleus subregions in Parkinson's disease. We recorded neurophysiological activity while 10 participants with Parkinson's disease performed the Simon task during deep brain stimulation surgery. Response-locked local field potentials in the theta and beta band (associated with conflict control and movement inhibition, respectively) were analysed across subthalamic nucleus subregions and hemispheres relative to the motor response (ipsilateral/contralateral). In the presence of action conflict, the dorsal subthalamic nucleus, connected to cortical motor regions, exhibited larger theta power relative to the ventral subthalamic nucleus subregion, which is linked to the limbic circuits (P < 0.05). This evidence supports independent subregion function in conflict control. However, both subregions had relatively increased beta power for conflict trials compared with non-conflict in the hemisphere ipsilateral to the motor response. The conflict-related beta modulation was not present in the contralateral hemisphere. This indicates the importance of the ipsilateral hemisphere in the inhibition of incorrect action impulses. Additionally, higher intertrial beta power in the ventral subregion correlated with reduced accuracy on conflict trials, which we propose, could serve as a biomarker for impaired task performance. The results of the study support the existence of a functional dissociation within subthalamic nucleus subregions, emphasizing the role of the dorsal subthalamic nucleus in modulating action conflict.

Dataset Information

Human Subthalamic Nucleus Theta and Beta Oscillations Entrain Neuronal Firing During Sensorimotor Conflict.

Publications

Human Subthalamic Nucleus Theta and Beta Oscillations Entrain Neuronal Firing During Sensorimotor Conflict.

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