Dataset Information

The impact of diet on the composition and relative abundance of rumen microbes in goat.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:This experiment was conducted to explore the impact of diet on the ruminal microbial community in goats. METHODS:Twelve goats were divided into two groups and fed complete feed (CF) or all forage (AF) diet. The total microbial DNAs in the rumen liquid were extracted. The V4 region of microbial 16S rRNA genes was amplified and sequenced using high-throughput. Information of sequences was mainly analyzed by QIIME 1.8.0. RESULTS:The results showed that Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were the most predominant microbial phyla in the rumen of all goats. At genus level, the abundance of fiber-digesting bacteria such as Ruminococcus and Lachnospiracea incertae sedis was significantly higher in AF than that in CF, while the levels of fat-degrading bacterium Anaerovibrio and protein-degrading bacterium Pseudomonas were opposite. The core shared genera, Prevotella and Butyrivibrio were widespread in the rumen of goats and no significant difference was observed in relative abundance between groups. CONCLUSION:We concluded that the richness of fiber-, protein-, and fat-digesting bacteria was affected by diet and tended to increase with the rise of their corresponding substrate contents in the ration; some bacteria shared by all goats maintained stable despite the difference in the ration, and they might be essential in maintaining the normal function of rumen.

SUBMITTER: Liu K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5394839 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

The impact of diet on the composition and relative abundance of rumen microbes in goat.

Liu Kaizhen K Xu Qin Q Wang Lizhi L Wang Jiwen J Guo Wei W Zhou Meili M

Asian-Australasian journal of animal sciences 20160810 4

<h4>Objective</h4>This experiment was conducted to explore the impact of diet on the ruminal microbial community in goats.<h4>Methods</h4>Twelve goats were divided into two groups and fed complete feed (CF) or all forage (AF) diet. The total microbial DNAs in the rumen liquid were extracted. The V4 region of microbial 16S rRNA genes was amplified and sequenced using high-throughput. Information of sequences was mainly analyzed by QIIME 1.8.0.<h4>Results</h4>The results showed that Bacteroidetes ...[more]

PMID: 27507180

Similar Datasets

Project description:Far more attention has been paid to the microbes in our feces than the microbes in our food. Research efforts dedicated to the microbes that we eat have historically been focused on a fairly narrow range of species, namely those which cause disease and those which are thought to confer some "probiotic" health benefit. Little is known about the effects of ingested microbial communities that are present in typical American diets, and even the basic questions of which microbes, how many of them, and how much they vary from diet to diet and meal to meal, have not been answered. We characterized the microbiota of three different dietary patterns in order to estimate: the average total amount of daily microbes ingested via food and beverages, and their composition in three daily meal plans representing three different dietary patterns. The three dietary patterns analyzed were: (1) the Average American (AMERICAN): focused on convenience foods, (2) USDA recommended (USDA): emphasizing fruits and vegetables, lean meat, dairy, and whole grains, and (3) Vegan (VEGAN): excluding all animal products. Meals were prepared in a home kitchen or purchased at restaurants and blended, followed by microbial analysis including aerobic, anaerobic, yeast and mold plate counts as well as 16S rRNA PCR survey analysis. Based on plate counts, the USDA meal plan had the highest total amount of microbes at 1.3 × 10(9) CFU per day, followed by the VEGAN meal plan and the AMERICAN meal plan at 6 × 10(6) and 1.4 × 10(6) CFU per day respectively. There was no significant difference in diversity among the three dietary patterns. Individual meals clustered based on taxonomic composition independent of dietary pattern. For example, meals that were abundant in Lactic Acid Bacteria were from all three dietary patterns. Some taxonomic groups were correlated with the nutritional content of the meals. Predictive metagenome analysis using PICRUSt indicated differences in some functional KEGG categories across the three dietary patterns and for meals clustered based on whether they were raw or cooked. Further studies are needed to determine the impact of ingested microbes on the intestinal microbiota, the extent of variation across foods, meals and diets, and the extent to which dietary microbes may impact human health. The answers to these questions will reveal whether dietary microbes, beyond probiotics taken as supplements-i.e., ingested with food-are important contributors to the composition, inter-individual variation, and function of our gut microbiota.

Project description:BackgroundPatients with pelvic malignancies often receive radiosensitising chemotherapy with radiotherapy to improve survival; however, this is at the expense of increased normal tissue toxicity, particularly in elderly patients. Here, we explore if an alternative, low-cost, and non-toxic approach can achieve radiosensitisation in mice transplanted with human bladder cancer cells. Other investigators have shown slower growth of transplanted tumours in mice fed high-fibre diets. We hypothesised that mice fed a high-fibre diet would have improved tumour control following ionising radiation (IR) and that this would be mediated through the gut microbiota.ResultsWe investigated the effects of four different diets (low-fibre, soluble high-fibre, insoluble high-fibre, and mixed soluble/insoluble high-fibre diets) on tumour growth in immunodeficient mice implanted with human bladder cancer flank xenografts and treated with ionising radiation, simultaneously investigating the composition of their gut microbiomes by 16S rRNA sequencing. A significantly higher relative abundance of Bacteroides acidifaciens was seen in the gut (faecal) microbiome of the soluble high-fibre group, and the soluble high-fibre diet resulted in delayed tumour growth after irradiation compared to the other groups. Within the soluble high-fibre group, responders to irradiation had significantly higher abundance of B. acidifaciens than non-responders. When all mice fed with different diets were pooled, an association was found between the survival time of mice and relative abundance of B. acidifaciens. The gut microbiome in responders was predicted to be enriched for carbohydrate metabolism pathways, and in vitro experiments on the transplanted human bladder cancer cell line suggested a role for microbial-generated short-chain fatty acids and/or other metabolites in the enhanced radiosensitivity of the tumour cells.ConclusionsSoluble high-fibre diets sensitised tumour xenografts to irradiation, and this phenotype was associated with modification of the microbiome and positively correlated with B. acidifaciens abundance. Our findings might be exploitable for improving radiotherapy response in human patients.

Project description:The central aim of this meta-analysis was to determine whether the rumen microbiome can serve as an accurate predictor of performance in beef and dairy cattle compared with predictions based on diet composition. To support this comparison, a set of models was derived and compared. Models predicted milk yield (MY), average daily gain (ADG), dry matter intake (DMI), dairy feed efficiency (FE), and beef FE using different sets of independent variables: diet (D), microbial (M), and experimental (E). Diet variables included dry matter, organic matter, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, crude protein, ether extract, nonfiber carbohydrate, starch, and forage percentages. Microbiome variables included relative abundance of 3 major rumen bacterial phyla, species richness, and species diversity. Experimental variables included publication year, breed type (dairy, beef, or Bos indicus), and rumen sampling fraction (fluid or solid). A second set of models used D and E variables as predictors for the microbiome. For both the production and microbiome model sets, predictor variable sets were used individually and in combination. Linear mixed-effects regression, weighted by 1/standard error of the mean, was used to derive models using data from 51 peer-reviewed publications. Models for the same response variable were compared on the basis of concordance correlation coefficient with study effects removed (uCCC), root-estimated variance associated with study and error, and corrected Akaike information criterion values, wherever appropriate. The MY model using D + M + E predictors outperformed all other MY models (uCCC = 0.71). ADG was most accurately predicted by D alone (uCCC = 0.92). Interestingly, M + E was more successful at predicting DMI than any model using D variables. Similarly, dairy FE was more accurately predicted by M + E than D, albeit only slightly (uCCC = 0.69 vs. 0.65). Beef FE could only be modeled using D variables. Overall, breed type proved a better predictor of relative abundances of most rumen bacterial phyla than D. Conversely, species richness and diversity indicators were unaffected by breed type, but could be predicted by D with moderate precision and accuracy (uCCC = 0.63 to 0.69). This analysis suggests that diet and the microbiome may exert independent effects on various aspects of performance. Further research is necessary to determine the reasons for these independent influences.

Dataset Information

The impact of diet on the composition and relative abundance of rumen microbes in goat.

Publications

The impact of diet on the composition and relative abundance of rumen microbes in goat.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets