Insulin resistance and depression: cross sectional study.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Timonen M
PROVIDER: S-EPMC539841 | biostudies-literature | 2005 Jan
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Insulin resistance and depression: cross sectional study.
Timonen Markku M Laakso Mauri M Jokelainen Jari J Rajala Ulla U Meyer-Rochow V Benno VB Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi Sirkka S
BMJ (Clinical research ed.) 20041216 7481
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Project description:Insulin resistance is characterized by the failure of target cells to respond to normal levels of circulating insulin, and this condition is related to cardiovascular disease. This study sought to evaluate the prevalence of insulin resistance and its association with markers of metabolic abnormalities and metabolic syndrome in bank employees.A cross-sectional study was performed on 498 working men and women aged ?20 years old. The Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA-IR) was used to determine the presence of insulin resistance based on cut-off values of ?2.71 for normal insulin levels and >2.71 for insulin resistance, as established for the adult Brazilian population.It was observed that the 52 (10.4%) overweight individuals with insulin resistance were 4.97 times (95%CI 1.31-18.83) more likely to have high HOMA-IR values than the normal-weight participants; among those who were obese, the likelihood increased to 17.87 (95%CI 4.36-73.21). Individuals with large waist circumferences were 3.27 times (95%CI 1.03-10.38) more likely to develop insulin resistance than those who were within normal parameters. The HOMA-IR values differed between subjects with and without metabolic syndrome, with values of 2.83±2.5 and 1.10±0.81 (p=0.001), respectively. The levels of insulin, ultrasensitive C-reactive protein and uric acid were also associated with insulin resistance.The prevalence of insulin resistance among bank employees is high, and insulin resistance is associated with and serves as a marker of metabolic syndrome. Cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome-associated metabolic abnormalities were observed, and insulin resistance may be a risk factor in this group of professionals.
| S-EPMC5401617 | biostudies-other
Project description:BackgroundBreakfast has traditionally been considered one of the most important meals of the day; however, there is little evidence for the influence of breakfast quality and insulin resistance (IR). This study aimed to assess the quality of breakfast in a group of schoolchildren, and its association with IR.MethodsA cross-sectional study with 852 children (8-13 years) was carried out. Fasting plasma glucose, insulin and anthropometric parameters were measured. A three-day dietary record was used to assess their diet and to calculate the Breakfast Quality Index (BQI). The sample was divided into tertiles according to the BQI (tertile 3: better breakfast quality). The homeostatic model was used to assess insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and IR was defined as HOMA-IR > 3.16.ResultsThe prevalence of IR was 5.2%. The mean BQI score was 4.50 ± 1.25, and boys had lower scores than girls. Children in the BQI tertile 3 had a better global diet quality. In boys, being in the BQI tertile 3 was associated with a lower risk of IR (OR [95% CI]: 0.10 [0.01-0.77], p < 0.05).ConclusionsA higher-quality breakfast was associated with better overall diet quality and a lower risk of IR, especially in boys.
| S-EPMC9859171 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundTissue-specific insulin resistance (IR) predominantly in muscle (muscle IR) or liver (liver IR) has previously been linked to distinct fasting metabolite profiles, but postprandial metabolite profiles have not been investigated in tissue-specific IR yet. Given the importance of postprandial metabolic impairments in the pathophysiology of cardiometabolic diseases, we compared postprandial plasma metabolite profiles in response to a high-fat mixed meal between individuals with predominant muscle IR or liver IR.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included data from 214 women and men with BMI 25-40 kg/m2, aged 40-75 years, and with predominant muscle IR or liver IR. Tissue-specific IR was assessed using the muscle insulin sensitivity index (MISI) and hepatic insulin resistance index (HIRI), which were calculated from the glucose and insulin responses during a 7-point oral glucose tolerance test. Plasma samples were collected before (T = 0) and after (T = 30, 60, 120, 240 min) consumption of a high-fat mixed meal and 247 metabolite measures, including lipoproteins, cholesterol, triacylglycerol (TAG), ketone bodies, and amino acids, were quantified using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Differences in postprandial plasma metabolite iAUCs between muscle and liver IR were tested using ANCOVA with adjustment for age, sex, center, BMI, and waist-to-hip ratio. P-values were adjusted for a false discovery rate (FDR) of 0.05 using the Benjamini-Hochberg method.ResultsSixty-eight postprandial metabolite iAUCs were significantly different between liver and muscle IR. Liver IR was characterized by greater plasma iAUCs of large VLDL (p = 0.004), very large VLDL (p = 0.002), and medium-sized LDL particles (p = 0.026), and by greater iAUCs of TAG in small VLDL (p = 0.025), large VLDL (p = 0.003), very large VLDL (p = 0.002), all LDL subclasses (all p < 0.05), and small HDL particles (p = 0.011), compared to muscle IR. In liver IR, the postprandial plasma fatty acid (FA) profile consisted of a higher percentage of saturated FA (p = 0.013), and a lower percentage of polyunsaturated FA (p = 0.008), compared to muscle IR.ConclusionPeople with muscle IR or liver IR have distinct postprandial plasma metabolite profiles, with more unfavorable postprandial metabolite responses in those with liver IR compared to muscle IR.
| S-EPMC10944619 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThis study aimed to determine the ability of commonly used insulin resistance indices to identify the metabolic syndrome.Methods183 people referred for outpatient care at the Metabolism Unit of Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre were evaluated with anthropometric, blood pressure, lipid profile, and adiponectin measurements. Glucose tolerance status was determined by 2-h 75-g oral glucose tolerance test and glycosylated hemoglobin. Definition of metabolic syndrome was based on the Joint Interim Statement of different medical associations. Twenty-one indices of insulin resistance were estimated from published equations. The accuracy of these indices was determined by area under the ROC curve (AUC) analysis. In addition, we determined an optimal cut point for each index and its performance as a diagnostic test.ResultsThe study population was comprised of 183 people (73.2% women; 78.7% white; age 52.6 ± 12.0 years, mean ± standard deviation), of whom 140 (76.5%) had metabolic syndrome. The reciprocal of the Gutt index provided the greatest AUC for identification of metabolic syndrome, but there were no statistical differences between Gutt and 11 AUC indices. Gutt presented 86.4% sensitivity and 76.7% specificity to identify metabolic syndrome.ConclusionsA number of commonly employed indices of insulin resistance are capable of identifying individuals with the metabolic syndrome.
| S-EPMC6102896 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Genetic and environmental risk factors contribute to periodontal disease, but the underlying susceptibility pathways are not fully understood. Epigenetic mechanisms are malleable regulators of gene function that can change in response to genetic and environmental stimuli, thereby providing a potential mechanism mediating risk effects in periodontitis. The aim of this study is to identify epigenetic changes across tissues that are associated with periodontal disease.
2018-11-25 | GSE121633 | GEO
Project description:BackgroundInsulin resistance (IR) is associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) severity. However, its underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Therefore, our study aimed to explore the relationship between IR and coronary inflammation and investigate the synergistic and mediating effects of coronary inflammation on the association between IR and CAD severity.MethodsConsecutive patients with CAD who underwent coronary angiography and coronary computed tomography angiography between April 2018 and March 2023 were enrolled. The triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index) and peri-coronary adipose tissue (PCAT) attenuation around the proximal right coronary artery (RCA) were used to evaluate IR and coronary inflammation, respectively. The correlation between the TyG index and PCAT attenuation was analyzed using linear regression models. Logistic regression models were further used for investigating the correlation of the TyG index and PCAT attenuation with CAD severity. A mediation analysis assessed the correlation between IR and CAD severity mediated by coronary inflammation.ResultsA total of 569 participants (mean age, 62 ± 11 years; 67.8% men) were included in the study. PCAT attenuation was positively associated with the TyG index (r = 0.166; P < 0.001). After adjusting for potential confounders, the per standard deviation increment in the TyG index was associated with a 1.791 Hounsfield unit (HU) increase (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.920-2.662 HU; P < 0.001) in the PCAT attenuation. In total, 382 (67.1%) patients had multivessel CAD. The patients in the high-TyG index/high PCAT attenuation group had approximately 3.2 times the odds of multivessel CAD compared with those in the low-TyG index/low PCAT attenuation group (odds ratio, 3.199; 95%CI, 1.826-5.607; P < 0.001). Mediation analysis indicated that PCAT attenuation mediated 31.66% of the correlation between the TyG index and multivessel CAD.ConclusionsThe TyG index positively correlated with PCAT attenuation in patients with CAD. The TyG index and PCAT attenuation showed a synergistic correlation with multivessel CAD. Furthermore, PCAT attenuation partially mediated the relationship between the TyG index and CAD severity. Controlling inflammation in patients with high IR and coronary inflammation may provide additional benefits.
| S-EPMC10893710 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Low-grade, chronic inflammation during ageing (“inflammageing”) is suggested to be involved in the development of frailty in older age. However, studies on the association between frailty, using the frailty index definition, and inflammatory markers are limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between inflammatory markers and frailty index (FI) in older, home-dwelling adults. Home-dwelling men and women aged ≥ 70 years old, living in South-East Norway were recruited and included in a cross-sectional study. The FI used in the current study was developed according to Rockwood’s frailty index and included 38 variables, resulting in an FI score between 0 and 1 for each participant. Circulating inflammatory markers (IL-6, CRP, IGF-1, cystatin C, cathepsin S, and glycoprotein Acetyls) were analyzed from non-fasting blood samples using ELISA. Whole-genome PBMC transcriptomics was used to study the association between FI score and inflammation. The present study was a cross-sectional study that included home-dwelling men and women aged ≥ 70 years old, living in the Skedsmo area, South-East Norway. The study was conducted in 2014/2015 and has been described previously [Ottestad I, Ulven SM, Øyri LKL, Sandvei KS, Gjevestad GO, Bye A, et al. Reduced plasma concentration of branched-chain amino acids in sarcopenic older subjects: a cross-sectional study. Br J Nutr. 2018;120(4):445-53]. The participants were recruited by the National Register and received an invitation letter by mail. Briefly, a total of 2820 subjects were invited, and 437 subjects participated in the study. The participants met for a single study visit, and data was collected on dietary intake, body weight and composition, physical performance, medical history, cognitive function, risk of malnutrition, anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, heart rate, and quality of life. Non-fasting blood samples were also collected.
2023-09-01 | GSE236927 | GEO
Project description:Post-stroke depression (PSD) seriously affects the rehabilitation of nerve function and quality of life. However, the pathogenesis of PSD is still not clear. This study aimed to investigate the demographic, clinical, and biochemical factors in patients with PSD.Patients with an acute ischemic stroke, who met the inclusion criteria at Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital from April 2016 to September 2016, were recruited for this study. The stroke severity was assessed using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), and the mental state was assessed using Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) at 1 week of admission. The patients were divided into PSD and non-PSD groups. The demographic and clinical characteristics, as well as the biochemical factors, were compared between the two groups. A logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the risk factors for depression following stroke.A total of 83 patients with acute ischemic stroke were recruited. Of these, 36 (43.4%) developed depression. The multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that high NIHSS [odds ratio (OR): 1.84, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.09-3.12, P?=?0.023] and high HAMD scores (OR: 2.38, 95% CI: 1.61-3.50, P?<?0.001) were independent risk predictors for PSD and so were lower dopamine level (OR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.45-0.91, P?=?0.014), lower 5-hydroxytryptamine level (OR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.98-1.00, P?=?0.046), higher tumor necrosis factor-? level (OR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.00-1.09, P?=?0.044), and lower nerve growth factor level (OR: 0.06, 95% CI: 0.01-0.67, P?=?0.022).The identification of higher NIHSS scores, higher HAMD scores, lower dopamine level, lower 5-hydroxytryptamine level, higher tumor necrosis factor-? level, and lower nerve growth factor level might be useful for clinicians in recognizing and treating depression in patients after a stroke.
| S-EPMC5693521 | biostudies-other
Project description:BackgroundPrevious studies have demonstrated a relationship between prevalence of Osteoarthritis (OA) and insulin resistance (IR). The correlation between IR surrogates indices and gold standard tool for IR evaluation (Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp (HIEC)) have been well demonstrated. However, few studies evaluated the relationship between IR surrogates and OA. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential associations between different IR surrogates (the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index, the triglyceride glucose (TyG) index, the triglyceride glucose with body mass (TyG-BMI) index, the triglyceride glucose with waist circumference (TyG-WC) index, and the triglyceride glucose with the ratio of waist circumference divided by height (TyG-WtHR) index) and OA.MethodsThis study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the associations of different IR surrogates with OA.ResultsAfter adjusting for covariates, TyG-BMI index (OR = 1.006, 95% CI [1.004, 1.007], P < 0.0001), TyG-WC index (OR = 1.002, 95% CI [1.002, 1.003], P < 0.0001) and TyG-WtHR index (OR = 1.425, 95%CI [1.292,1.572], P < 0.0001) still showed robust positive correlation with IR. The risk of OA in the fourth quartile of the TyG-BMI index, TyG-WC index, and TyG-WtHR index are 2.634-fold, 2.651-fold, and 2.433-fold higher than that in the first quartile, respectively.ConclusionsCompared to the HOMA-IR index and the TyG index, the association between the TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, and TyG-WtHR indices and OA is closer and more stable. The TyG-WtHR index has the highest accuracy in predicting OA, followed by the TyG-WC and TyG-BMI index.
| S-EPMC11558812 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background: Insulin resistance (IR) is a metabolic disorder related to atherosclerosis. Its measurement is of great importance not only as a marker of diabetes but also for cardiovascular disease. The aim of this research study was to evaluate the relationship between various IR indices and coronary risk in an adult population from Maracaibo city, Venezuela. Methods: The Maracaibo City Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence Study is a descriptive, cross-sectional study with random and multi-stage sampling. In this sub study, 1272 individuals of both genders were selected with the measurement of basal insulin and coronary risk according to the Framingham-Wilson formula calibrated for our population. The insulin resistance indices evaluated were HOMA2-IR, triglycerides and glucose index (TyG) and triglycerides/HDL ratio (TG/HDL). The predictive capacity and association between each index and the coronary risk event in 10 years were determined. Results: Of the evaluated population, 55.2% were female, 34.8% had a coronary risk ≥5% in 10 years, with the TG/HDL and TyG indices showing the highest AUC 0.712 (0.681-0.743) and 0.707 (0.675-0.739), respectively; compared to HOMA2-IR. Both were also the indices most associated with increased coronary risk, especially TG/HDL ≥3 with a higher association [OR = 2.83 (1.74-4.61); p<0.01] after multivariable adjustment. Conclusions: TyG (≥4.5) and TG/HDL (≥3) indices showed a great predictive capacity of higher coronary risk, with being TG/HDL more associated even after adjusting for abdominal obesity and hs-CRP. Therefore, these represent useful tools for determining IR.
| S-EPMC6107995 | biostudies-literature