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Equivalence of afternoon spot and 24-h urinary hydration biomarkers in free-living healthy adults.

ABSTRACT: Urinary biomarkers of hydration (urine osmolality, UOsm; urine specific gravity, USG) follow circadian variations. For individuals, researchers and health-care professionals, there is value in identifying time frames during which spot values of UOsm and USG are representative of 24-h values in healthy young adults.Eighty-two free-living adults (22.3±2.9 years, 22.2±1.5?kg/m(2)) collected individual urine voids over a 24-h period. UOsm and USG were measured on each void and on the pooled 24-h sample. To determine the time of day when a spot sample was likely to be equivalent to the 24-h value, daytime voids were binned by time and equivalence was tested for each 2-h window. Equivalence was a priori defined as being within 100?mOsm/kg (UOsm) and within 0.003 units (USG) of 24-h values.For both UOsm and USG, voids between 1400 and 2000 hours produced values that were equivalent to the 24-h sample, whereas earlier voids tended to overestimate 24-h UOsm and USG. For windows 1401-1600 hours, 1601-1800 hours and 1801-2000 hours, the mean difference (95% confidence interval) between spot and 24-h UOsm (mOsm/kg) was -25 (-72; 22), 28 (-35; 92) and 12 (-41; 66), respectively, whereas for USG the difference was 0.0014 (-0.0028; -0.0001), 0.0001 (-0.0017; 0.0019) and 0.0005 (-0.0018; 0.0009), respectively.In free-living healthy French adults, 24-h urine concentration can be approximated from a mid- to late-afternoon spot urine sample. This finding suggests that an afternoon sample may be an accurate and practical tool for hydration monitoring, useful to individuals and health-care practitioners.

SUBMITTER: Bottin JH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5399132 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Equivalence of afternoon spot and 24-h urinary hydration biomarkers in free-living healthy adults.

Bottin J H JH Lemetais G G Poupin M M Jimenez L L Perrier E T ET

European journal of clinical nutrition 20160113 8

<h4>Background/objectives</h4>Urinary biomarkers of hydration (urine osmolality, UOsm; urine specific gravity, USG) follow circadian variations. For individuals, researchers and health-care professionals, there is value in identifying time frames during which spot values of UOsm and USG are representative of 24-h values in healthy young adults.<h4>Subjects/methods</h4>Eighty-two free-living adults (22.3±2.9 years, 22.2±1.5 kg/m(2)) collected individual urine voids over a 24-h period. UOsm and US ...[more]

PMID: 26757833

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Project description:Vancomycin has been associated with acute kidney injury in preclinical and clinical settings; however, the precise exposure profiles associated with vancomycin-induced acute kidney injury have not been defined. We sought to determine pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamics indices associated with the development of acute kidney injury using sensitive urinary biomarkers. Male Sprague-Dawley rats received clinical-grade vancomycin or normal saline as an intraperitoneal injection. Total daily doses between 0 and 400 mg/kg of body weight were administered as a single dose or 2 divided doses over a 24-h period. At least five rats were utilized for each dosing protocol. A maximum of 8 plasma samples per rat were obtained, and urine was collected over the 24-h period. Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), clusterin, osteopontin, cystatin C, and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin levels were determined using Milliplex multianalyte profiling rat kidney panels. Vancomycin plasma concentrations were determined via a validated high-performance liquid chromatography methodology. Pharmacokinetic analyses were conducted using the Pmetrics package for R. Bayesian maximal a posteriori concentrations were generated and utilized to calculate the 24-h area under the concentration-time curve (AUC), the maximum concentration (Cmax), and the minimum concentration. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (rs ) was used to assess the correlations between exposure parameters, biomarkers, and histopathological damage. Forty-seven rats contributed pharmacokinetic and toxicodynamic data. KIM-1 was the only urinary biomarker that correlated with both composite histopathological damage (rs = 0.348, P = 0.017) and proximal tubule damage (rs = 0.342, P = 0.019). The vancomycin AUC and Cmax were most predictive of increases in KIM-1 levels (rs = 0.438 and P = 0.002 for AUC and rs = 0.451 and P = 0.002 for Cmax). Novel urinary biomarkers demonstrate that kidney injury can occur within 24 h of vancomycin exposure as a function of either AUC or Cmax.

Dataset Information

Equivalence of afternoon spot and 24-h urinary hydration biomarkers in free-living healthy adults.

Publications

Equivalence of afternoon spot and 24-h urinary hydration biomarkers in free-living healthy adults.

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