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Positive symptoms associate with cortical thinning in the superior temporal gyrus via the ENIGMA Schizophrenia consortium.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:Based on the role of the superior temporal gyrus (STG) in auditory processing, language comprehension and self-monitoring, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between STG cortical thickness and positive symptom severity in schizophrenia. METHOD:This prospective meta-analysis includes data from 1987 individuals with schizophrenia collected at seventeen centres around the world that contribute to the ENIGMA Schizophrenia Working Group. STG thickness measures were extracted from T1-weighted brain scans using FreeSurfer. The study performed a meta-analysis of effect sizes across sites generated by a model predicting left or right STG thickness with a positive symptom severity score (harmonized SAPS or PANSS-positive scores), while controlling for age, sex and site. Secondary models investigated relationships between antipsychotic medication, duration of illness, overall illness severity, handedness and STG thickness. RESULTS:Positive symptom severity was negatively related to STG thickness in both hemispheres (left: ?std = -0.052; P = 0.021; right: ?std = -0.073; P = 0.001) when statistically controlling for age, sex and site. This effect remained stable in models including duration of illness, antipsychotic medication or handedness. CONCLUSION:Our findings further underline the important role of the STG in hallmark symptoms in schizophrenia. These findings can assist in advancing insight into symptom-relevant pathophysiological mechanisms in schizophrenia.

SUBMITTER: Walton E

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5399182 | biostudies-literature | 2017 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Positive symptoms associate with cortical thinning in the superior temporal gyrus via the ENIGMA Schizophrenia consortium.

Walton E E Hibar D P DP van Erp T G M TG Potkin S G SG Roiz-Santiañez R R Crespo-Facorro B B Suarez-Pinilla P P Van Haren N E M NE de Zwarte S M C SM Kahn R S RS Cahn W W Doan N T NT Jørgensen K N KN Gurholt T P TP Agartz I I Andreassen O A OA Westlye L T LT Melle I I Berg A O AO Mørch-Johnsen L L Faerden A A Flyckt L L Fatouros-Bergman H H Jönsson E G EG Hashimoto R R Yamamori H H Fukunaga M M Preda A A De Rossi P P Piras F F Banaj N N Ciullo V V Spalletta G G Gur R E RE Gur R C RC Wolf D H DH Satterthwaite T D TD Beard L M LM Sommer I E IE Sommer I E IE Koops S S Gruber O O Richter A A Krämer B B Kelly S S Donohoe G G McDonald C C Cannon D M DM Corvin A A Gill M M Di Giorgio A A Bertolino A A Lawrie S S Nickson T T Whalley H C HC Neilson E E Calhoun V D VD Thompson P M PM Turner J A JA Ehrlich S S

Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica 20170329 5

<h4>Objective</h4>Based on the role of the superior temporal gyrus (STG) in auditory processing, language comprehension and self-monitoring, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between STG cortical thickness and positive symptom severity in schizophrenia.<h4>Method</h4>This prospective meta-analysis includes data from 1987 individuals with schizophrenia collected at seventeen centres around the world that contribute to the ENIGMA Schizophrenia Working Group. STG thickness measures w ...[more]

PMID: 28369804

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Project description:ObjectiveIndividuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome are known to be at high risk of developing schizophrenia. Previous imaging studies have provided limited data on the relation of schizophrenia expression in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome to specific regional brain volumetric changes. The authors hypothesized that the main structural brain finding associated with schizophrenia expression in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, as for schizophrenia in the general population, would be gray matter volumetric deficits, especially in the temporal lobes.MethodMR brain images from 29 patients with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome and schizophrenia and 34 comparison subjects with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome and no history of psychosis were analyzed using a voxel-based morphometry method that also yielded volumes for related region-of-interest analyses. The authors compared data from the two groups using an analysis of covariance model correcting for total intracranial volume, age, sex, IQ, and history of congenital cardiac defects. The false discovery rate threshold was set at 0.05 to account for multiple comparisons.ResultsVoxel-based morphometry analyses identified significant gray matter reductions in the left superior temporal gyrus (Brodmann's area 22) in the schizophrenia group. There were no significant between-group differences in white matter or CSF volumes. Region-of-interest analyses showed significant bilateral gray matter volume reductions in the temporal lobes and superior temporal gyri in the schizophrenia group.ConclusionsThe structural brain expression of schizophrenia associated with the highly penetrant 22q11.2 deletion involves lower gray matter volumes in temporal lobe regions. These structural MRI findings in a 22q11.2 deletion syndrome form of schizophrenia are consistent with those from studies involving schizophrenia samples from the general population. The results provide further support for 22q11.2 deletion syndrome as a genetic subtype and as a useful neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia.

Dataset Information

Positive symptoms associate with cortical thinning in the superior temporal gyrus via the ENIGMA Schizophrenia consortium.

Publications

Positive symptoms associate with cortical thinning in the superior temporal gyrus via the ENIGMA Schizophrenia consortium.

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