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Piperine Attenuates Pathological Cardiac Fibrosis Via PPAR-?/AKT Pathways.

ABSTRACT: Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and AMP-activated protein kinase ? (AMPK?) play critical roles in the process of cardiac hypertrophy. Previous studies have demonstrated that piperine activates AMPK? and reduces the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). However, the effect of piperine on cardiac hypertrophy remains completely unknown. Here, we show that piperine-treated mice had similar hypertrophic responses as mice treated with vehicle but exhibited significantly attenuated cardiac fibrosis after pressure overload or isoprenaline (ISO) injection. Piperine inhibited the transformation of cardiac fibroblasts to myofibroblasts induced by transforming growth factor-? (TGF-?) or angiotensin II (Ang II) in vitro. This anti-fibrotic effect was independent of the AMPK? and MAPK pathway. Piperine blocked activation of protein kinase B (AKT) and, downstream, glycogen synthase kinase 3? (GSK3?). The overexpression of constitutively active AKT or the knockdown of GSK3? completely abolished the piperine-mediated protection of cardiac fibroblasts. The cardioprotective effects of piperine were blocked in mice with constitutively active AKT. Pretreatment with GW9662, a specific inhibitor of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-? (PPAR-?), reversed the effect elicited by piperine in vitro. In conclusion, piperine attenuated cardiac fibrosis via the activation of PPAR-? and the resultant inhibition of AKT/GSK3?.

SUBMITTER: Ma ZG

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5405163 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Piperine Attenuates Pathological Cardiac Fibrosis Via PPAR-γ/AKT Pathways.

Ma Zhen-Guo ZG Yuan Yu-Pei YP Zhang Xin X Xu Si-Chi SC Wang Sha-Sha SS Tang Qi-Zhu QZ

EBioMedicine 20170314

Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and AMP-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα) play critical roles in the process of cardiac hypertrophy. Previous studies have demonstrated that piperine activates AMPKα and reduces the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). However, the effect of piperine on cardiac hypertrophy remains completely unknown. Here, we show that piperine-treated mice had similar hypertrophic responses as mice treated with vehicle but exhibited significa ...[more]

PMID: 28330809

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Project description:Progressive liver fibrosis, caused by chronic viral infection and metabolic disorders, results in the development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, no antifibrotic therapies have been approved to date. In our previous study, adeno‑associated virus (AAV) short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) targeting hepatitis B virus (HBV) and transforming growth factor (TGF)‑β administration could persistently inhibit HBV replication and concomitantly prevent liver fibrosis. However, the differentially expressed proteins and critical regulatory networks of AAV‑shRNA treatment remain unclear. Accordingly, in the present study, we aimed to analyze differentially expressed proteins in the liver of AAV‑shRNA‑treated mice with HBV infection and liver fibrosis using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)‑based quantitative proteomics and to elucidate the underlying antifibrotic mechanisms. In total 2,743 proteins were recognized by iTRAQ‑based quantitative proteomics analysis. Gene Ontology analysis revealed that the differentially expressed proteins mostly participated in peptide metabolism in the biological process category, cytosolic ribosomes in the cell component category, and structural constituents of ribosomes in the molecular function category. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis indicated that oxidative stress and the peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway were activated after treatment. Verification studies revealed that AAV‑shRNAs inhibited hepatic stellate cell activation and inflammation by suppressing nuclear factor‑κB p65 phosphorylation and α‑smooth muscle actin expression via upregulation of PPAR‑γ. Hepatocytes steatosis was also decreased by activating the PPAR signaling pathway and improving lipid metabolism. The expression level of TGF‑β was decreased due to upregulation of PPAR‑γ expression and direct inhibition using AAV‑shRNA targeting TGF‑β. TGF‑β‑induced oxidative stress was suppressed by increasing glutathione S‑transferase Pi 1 and reducing peroxiredoxin 1. Collectively, the present results indicated that AAV‑shRNAs were effective in modulating liver fibrosis by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation and activating the PPAR signaling pathway.

Dataset Information

Piperine Attenuates Pathological Cardiac Fibrosis Via PPAR-?/AKT Pathways.

Publications

Piperine Attenuates Pathological Cardiac Fibrosis Via PPAR-γ/AKT Pathways.

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