Dataset Information

Inflammation and Immune Activation in Antiretroviral-Treated Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Infected African Infants and Rotavirus Vaccine Responses.

ABSTRACT: Biomarkers of inflammation and immune activation were correlated with rotavirus vaccine responses in 68 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)–infected (and 116 HIV-exposed but uninfected (HEU) African infants receiving pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RV5) in a clinical trial. Prevaccination, HIV-1+ infants had significantly higher concentrations of interferon ? (IFN?), interleukin1?, interleukin 2, interleukin 6, interleukin 10 (IL-10), and soluble CD14 compared with HEU infants. Postvaccination concentrations of neutralizing antibodies to RV5 were negatively correlated with prevaccination concentrations of IL-10 (RV5 surface proteins G1 and P1) and IFN? (G1) in the HIV-1+ infants, whereas antirotavirus immunoglobulin A (IgA) levels were not. Heightened inflammation and immune activation in HIV-1+ infants did not alter IgA responses associated with protection from rotavirus disease.

SUBMITTER: Uprety P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5407055 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Inflammation and Immune Activation in Antiretroviral-Treated Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Infected African Infants and Rotavirus Vaccine Responses.

Uprety Priyanka P Lindsey Jane C JC Levin Myron J MJ Rainwater-Lovett Kaitlin K Ziemniak Carrie C Bwakura-Dangarembizix Mutsa M Kaplan Susan S SS Nelson Micki M Zadzilka Amanda A Weinberg Adriana A Persaud Deborah D

The Journal of infectious diseases 20170301 6

Biomarkers of inflammation and immune activation were correlated with rotavirus vaccine responses in 68 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)–infected (and 116 HIV-exposed but uninfected (HEU) African infants receiving pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RV5) in a clinical trial. Prevaccination, HIV-1+ infants had significantly higher concentrations of interferon γ (IFNγ), interleukin1β, interleukin 2, interleukin 6, interleukin 10 (IL-10), and soluble CD14 compared with HEU infants. Postvaccin ...[more]

PMID: 28453843

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Project description:BackgroundRotavirus is the most common cause of severe gastroenteritis among young children worldwide. Data are needed to assess the efficacy of the rotavirus vaccine in African children.MethodsWe conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial in South Africa (3166 infants; 64.1% of the total) and Malawi (1773 infants; 35.9% of the total) to evaluate the efficacy of a live, oral rotavirus vaccine in preventing severe rotavirus gastroenteritis. Healthy infants were randomly assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive two doses of vaccine (in addition to one dose of placebo) or three doses of vaccine - the pooled vaccine group - or three doses of placebo at 6, 10, and 14 weeks of age. Episodes of gastroenteritis caused by wild-type rotavirus during the first year of life were assessed through active follow-up surveillance and were graded with the use of the Vesikari scale.ResultsA total of 4939 infants were enrolled and randomly assigned to one of the three groups; 1647 infants received two doses of the vaccine, 1651 infants received three doses of the vaccine, and 1641 received placebo. Of the 4417 infants included in the per-protocol efficacy analysis, severe rotavirus gastroenteritis occurred in 4.9% of the infants in the placebo group and in 1.9% of those in the pooled vaccine group (vaccine efficacy, 61.2%; 95% confidence interval, 44.0 to 73.2). Vaccine efficacy was lower in Malawi than in South Africa (49.4% vs. 76.9%); however, the number of episodes of severe rotavirus gastroenteritis that were prevented was greater in Malawi than in South Africa (6.7 vs. 4.2 cases prevented per 100 infants vaccinated per year). Efficacy against all-cause severe gastroenteritis was 30.2%. At least one serious adverse event was reported in 9.7% of the infants in the pooled vaccine group and in 11.5% of the infants in the placebo group.ConclusionsHuman rotavirus vaccine significantly reduced the incidence of severe rotavirus gastroenteritis among African infants during the first year of life. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00241644.).

Dataset Information

Inflammation and Immune Activation in Antiretroviral-Treated Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Infected African Infants and Rotavirus Vaccine Responses.

Publications

Inflammation and Immune Activation in Antiretroviral-Treated Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Infected African Infants and Rotavirus Vaccine Responses.

Similar Datasets

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