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Marginal Vitamin A Deficiency Exacerbates Memory Deficits Following A?1-42 Injection in Rats.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Although clinical vitamin A deficiency (VAD), which is a public health problem developing throughout the world, has been well controlled, marginal vitamin A deficiency (MVAD) is far more prevalent, especially among pregnant women and preschool children in China. Increasing evidence suggests that VAD is involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, whether MVAD, beginning early in life, increases the risk of developing AD has yet to be determined. OBJECTIVE:The goal of this study was to investigate the long-term effects of MVAD on the pathogenesis of AD in rats. METHOD:An MVAD model was generated from maternal MVAD rats and maintained with an MVAD diet after weaning. The males were bilaterally injected with aggregated amyloid ? (A?)1-42 into the CA3 area of the hippocampus, and the AD-associated cognitive and neuropathological phenotypes were examined. RESULTS:We found that MVAD feeding significantly aggravated A?1-42-induced learning and memory deficits in the Morris water maze test. MVAD did not induce the mRNA expression of retinoic acid receptors (RARs), a disintegrin and metalloprotease 10 (ADAM10) or insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) in A?1-42-injected rats. Moreover, RAR? and RAR? mRNA were positively correlated with ADAM10 mRNA, whereas RAR? mRNA was positively correlated with IDE mRNA. CONCLUSION:Our study suggests that MVAD beginning from the embryonic period perturbs the ADassociated genes, resulting in an enhanced risk of developing AD.

SUBMITTER: Zeng J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5421133 | biostudies-literature | 2017

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Marginal Vitamin A Deficiency Exacerbates Memory Deficits Following Aβ1-42 Injection in Rats.

Zeng Jiaying J Li Tingyu T Gong Ming M Jiang Wei W Yang Ting T Chen Jie J Liu Youxue Y Chen Li L

Current Alzheimer research 20170101 5

<h4>Background</h4>Although clinical vitamin A deficiency (VAD), which is a public health problem developing throughout the world, has been well controlled, marginal vitamin A deficiency (MVAD) is far more prevalent, especially among pregnant women and preschool children in China. Increasing evidence suggests that VAD is involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, whether MVAD, beginning early in life, increases the risk of developing AD has yet to be determined.<h4>Object ...[more]

PMID: 28017127

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Project description:Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the specific mechanism by which VAD aggravates cognitive impairment is still unknown. At the intersection of microbiology and neuroscience, the gut-brain axis is undoubtedly contributing to the formation and function of neurological systems, but most of the previous studies have ignored the influence of gut microbiota on the cognitive function in VAD. Therefore, we assessed the effect of VAD on AD pathology and the decline of cognitive function in AD model mice and determined the role played by the intestinal microbiota in the process. Twenty 8-week-old male C57BL/6J amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 (APP/PS1) transgenic mice were randomly assigned to either a vitamin A normal (VAN) or VAD diet for 45 weeks. Our results show that VAD aggravated the behavioral learning and memory deficits, reduced the retinol concentration in the liver and the serum, decreased the transcription of vitamin A (VA)-related receptors and VA-related enzymes in the cortex, increased amyloid-β peptides (Aβ40 and Aβ42) in the brain and gut, upregulate the translation of beta-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) and phosphorylated Tau in the cortex, and downregulate the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors in the cortex. In addition, VAD altered the composition and functionality of the fecal microbiota as exemplified by a decreased abundance of Lactobacillus and significantly different α- and β-diversity. Of note, the functional metagenomic prediction (PICRUSt analysis) indicated that GABAergic synapse and retinol metabolism decreased remarkably after VAD intervention, which was in line with the decreased expression of GABA receptors and the decreased liver and serum retinol. In summary, the present study provided valuable facts that VAD exacerbated the morphological, histopathological, molecular biological, microbiological, and behavioral impairment in the APP/PS1 transgenic mice, and the intestinal microbiota may play a key mediator role in this mechanism.

Dataset Information

Marginal Vitamin A Deficiency Exacerbates Memory Deficits Following A?1-42 Injection in Rats.

Publications

Marginal Vitamin A Deficiency Exacerbates Memory Deficits Following Aβ1-42 Injection in Rats.

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