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Serum glycopattern and Maackia amurensis lectin-II binding glycoproteins in autism spectrum disorder.

ABSTRACT: The pathophysiology of autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) is not fully understood and there are no diagnostic or predictive biomarkers. Glycosylation modified as many as 70% of all human proteins can sensitively reflect various pathological changes. However, little is known about the alterations of glycosylation and glycoproteins in ASD. In this study, serum glycopattern and the maackia amurensis lectin-II binding glycoproteins (MBGs) in 65 children with ASD and 65 age-matched typically developing (TD) children were compared by using lectin microarrays and lectin-magnetic particle conjugate-assisted LC-MS/MS analyses. Expression of Sia?2-3?Gal/GalNAc was significantly increased in pooled (fold change?=?3.33, p?

SUBMITTER: Qin Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5423032 | biostudies-literature | 2017 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Serum glycopattern and Maackia amurensis lectin-II binding glycoproteins in autism spectrum disorder.

Qin Yannan Y Chen Yanni Y Yang Juan J Wu Fei F Zhao Lingyu L Yang Fuquan F Xue Peng P Shi Zhuoyue Z Song Tusheng T Huang Chen C

Scientific reports 20170509

The pathophysiology of autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) is not fully understood and there are no diagnostic or predictive biomarkers. Glycosylation modified as many as 70% of all human proteins can sensitively reflect various pathological changes. However, little is known about the alterations of glycosylation and glycoproteins in ASD. In this study, serum glycopattern and the maackia amurensis lectin-II binding glycoproteins (MBGs) in 65 children with ASD and 65 age-matched typically developing ...[more]

PMID: 28485374

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Maackia amurensis

Project description:Maackia amurensis Proteome

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Effective glycoanalysis with Maackia amurensis lectins requires a clear understanding of their binding specificities.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC3130539 | biostudies-literature

Effects of Maackia amurensis seed lectin (MASL) on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) gene expression and transcriptional signaling pathways.

Project description:PurposeOral cancer causes over 120,000 deaths annually and affects the quality of life for survivors. Over 90% of oral cancers are derived from oral squamous cell carcinoma cells (OSCCs) which are generally resistant to standard cytotoxic chemotherapy agents. OSCC cells often exhibit increased TGFβ and PDPN receptor activity compared to nontransformed oral epithelial cells. Maackia amurensis seed lectin (MASL) can target the PDPN receptor and has been identified as a novel agent that can be used to treat oral cancer. However, mechanisms by which MASL inhibits OSCC progression are not yet clearly defined.MethodsHere, we performed cell migration and cytotoxicity assays to assess the effects of MASL on OSCC motility and viability at physiologically relevant concentrations. We then performed comprehensive transcriptome analysis combined with transcription factor reporter assays to investigate the how MASL affects OSCC gene expression at these concentration. Key data were then confirmed by western blotting to evaluate the effects of MASL on gene expression and kinase signaling activity at the protein level.ResultsMASL significantly affected the expression of about 27% of approximately 15,000 genes found to be expressed by HSC-2 cells used to model OSCC cells in this study. These genes affected by MASL include members of the TGFβ-SMAD, JAK-STAT, and Wnt-βCTN signaling pathways. In particular, MASL decreased expression of PDPN, SOX2, and SMAD5 at the RNA and protein levels. MASL also inhibited SMAD and MAPK activity, and exhibited potential for combination therapy with doxorubicin and 5-fluorouracil.ConclusionsTaken together, results from this study indicate that MASL decreases activity of JAK-STAT, TGFβ-SMAD, and Wnt-βCTN signaling pathways to inhibit OSCC growth and motility. These data suggest that further studies should be undertaken to determine how MASL may also be used alone and in combination with other agents to treat oral cancer.

| S-EPMC7855468 | biostudies-literature

Transcriptional organization of autism spectrum disorder

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

2018-02-27 | GSE111176 | GEO

Whole-transcriptome analysis of serum L1CAM-captured extracellular vesicles related to autism spectrum disorder

Project description:L1CAM-captured extracellular vesicles (LCEVs) were isolated and characterized meticulously. Whole-transcriptome of LCEVs was analyzed by lncRNA microarray and RNA-Sequencing. RNAs expressed differently in LCEVs from ASD sera vs. TD sera were screened, analyzed, and further validated.

2022-10-01 | GSE186493 | GEO

Autism spectrum disorder.

Project description:Autism spectrum disorder is a construct used to describe individuals with a specific combination of impairments in social communication and repetitive behaviours, highly restricted interests and/or sensory behaviours beginning early in life. The worldwide prevalence of autism is just under 1%, but estimates are higher in high-income countries. Although gross brain pathology is not characteristic of autism, subtle anatomical and functional differences have been observed in post-mortem, neuroimaging and electrophysiological studies. Initially, it was hoped that accurate measurement of behavioural phenotypes would lead to specific genetic subtypes, but genetic findings have mainly applied to heterogeneous groups that are not specific to autism. Psychosocial interventions in children can improve specific behaviours, such as joint attention, language and social engagement, that may affect further development and could reduce symptom severity. However, further research is necessary to identify the long-term needs of people with autism, and treatments and the mechanisms behind them that could result in improved independence and quality of life over time. Families are often the major source of support for people with autism throughout much of life and need to be considered, along with the perspectives of autistic individuals, in both research and practice.

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Neuroprotective and Antiherpetic Properties of Polyphenolic Compounds from <i>Maackia amurensis</i> Heartwood.

Project description:In this study, we isolated a new isoflavanostilbene maackiapicevestitol (1) as a mixture of two stable conformers 1a and 1b as well as five previously known dimeric and monomeric stilbens: piceatannol (2), maackin (3), scirpusin A (4), maackiasine (5), and maackolin (6) from M. amurensis heartwood, using column chromatography on polyamide, silicagel, and C-18. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by NMR, HR-MS, and CD techniques. Maksar® obtained from M. amurensis heartwood and polyphenolics 1-6 possessed moderate anti-HSV-1 activity in cytopathic effect (CPE) inhibition and RT-PCR assays. A model of PQ-induced neurotoxicity was used to study the neuroprotective potential of polyphenolic compounds from M. amurensis. Maksar® showed the highest neuroprotective activity and increased cell viability by 18% at a concentration of 10 μg/mL. Maackolin (6) also effectively increased the viability of PQ-treated Neuro-2a cells and the value of mitochondrial membrane potential at concentrations up to 10 μΜ. Maksar® and compounds 1-6 possessed higher FRAP and DPPH-scavenging effects than quercetin. However, only compounds 1 and 4 at concentrations of 10 μM as well as Maksar® (10 μg/mL) statistically significantly reduced the level of intracellular ROS in PQ-treated Neuro-2a cells.

| S-EPMC10056899 | biostudies-literature

Epigenome analysis of autism spectrum disorder samples

Project description:The aim of this study was to identify ASD vulnerability components, explore possible vulnerability subgroups, and evaluate environmental contribution to phenotypic variability. We performed PCA and cluster analysis using ASD risk factor data. We found that PC1 had a higher correlation with psychosocial stress (maternal stress, maternal education, and social class), and PC2 a higher correlation with biological factors (Psychiatric Family History and Gestational Complications). Clustering analysis of PCA scores using bootstrap approach showed two clusters. Comparing the methylome between clusters we found 11.879 DMPs (p<0.05), and their CpG sites were enriched in VMRs, most showing environmental and genetic influences. Hypermethylated probes presented higher rates in different regulatory regions associated with functional SNPs, indicating that the subgroups may have different affected regulatory regions and their liability to disease explained by common variations. Vulnerability score moderated by epigenetic clock was associated with Vineland Total score (p=0.0036, adjR2=0.31), suggesting risk factors with stress burden can influence phenotype.

2021-10-01 | GSE164563 | GEO

Evidence that Maackia amurensis seed lectin (MASL) exerts pleiotropic actions on oral squamous cells to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease progression.

Project description:COVID-19 was declared an international public health emergency in January, and a pandemic in March of 2020. There are over 23 million confirmed COVID-19 cases that have cause over 800 thousand deaths worldwide as of August 19th, 2020. COVID-19 is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. SARS-CoV-2 presents a surface "spike" protein that binds to the ACE2 receptor to infect host cells. In addition to the respiratory tract, SARS-Cov-2 can also infect cells of the oral mucosa, which also express the ACE2 receptor. The spike and ACE2 proteins are highly glycosylated with sialic acid modifications that direct viral-host interactions and infection. Maackia amurensis seed lectin (MASL) has a strong affinity for sialic acid modified proteins and can be used as an antiviral agent. Here, we report that MASL targets the ACE2 receptor, decreases ACE2 expression and glycosylation, suppresses binding of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, and decreases expression of inflammatory mediators by oral epithelial cells that cause ARDS in COVID-19 patients. This work identifies MASL as an agent with potential to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 related inflammatory syndromes.

| S-EPMC7587785 | biostudies-literature

RNA-seq of 36 individuals with autism spectrum disorder

Project description:To assess the clinical impact of splice-altering noncoding mutations in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), we used a deep learning framework (SpliceAI) to predict the splice-altering potential of de novo mutations in 3,953 individuals with ASD from the Simons Simplex Collection. To validate these predictions, we selected 36 individuals that harbored predicted de-novo cryptic splice mutations; each individual represented the only case of autism within their immediate family. We obtained peripheral blood-derived lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) and performed high-depth mRNA sequencing (approximately 350 million 150 bp single-end reads per sample). We used OLego to align the reads against a reference created from hg19 by substituting de novo variants of each individual with the corresponding alternate allele.

2018-11-25 | E-MTAB-7351 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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