Dataset Information

The Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IB (isolate 7/3/14) transcriptome during interaction with the host plant lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.).

ABSTRACT: The necrotrophic pathogen Rhizoctonia solani is one of the most economically important soil-borne pathogens of crop plants. Isolates of R. solani AG1-IB are the major pathogens responsible for bottom-rot of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and are also responsible for diseases in other plant species. Currently, there is lack of information regarding the molecular responses in R. solani during the pathogenic interaction between the necrotrophic soil-borne pathogen and its host plant. The genome of R. solani AG1-IB (isolate 7/3/14) was recently established to obtain insights into its putative pathogenicity determinants. In this study, the transcriptional activity of R. solani AG1-IB was followed during the course of its pathogenic interaction with the host plant lettuce under controlled conditions. Based on visual observations, three distinct pathogen-host interaction zones on lettuce leaves were defined which covered different phases of disease progression on tissue inoculated with the AG1-IB (isolate 7/3/14). The zones were defined as: Zone 1-symptomless, Zone 2-light brown discoloration, and Zone 3-dark brown, necrotic lesions. Differences in R. solani hyphae structure in these three zones were investigated by microscopic observation. Transcriptional activity within these three interaction zones was used to represent the course of R. solani disease progression applying high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis of samples collected from each Zone. The resulting three transcriptome data sets were analyzed for their highest expressed genes and for differentially transcribed genes between the respective interaction zones. Among the highest expressed genes was a group of not previously described genes which were transcribed exclusively during early stages of interaction, in Zones 1 and 2. Previously described importance of up-regulation in R. solani agglutinin genes during disease progression could be further confirmed; here, the corresponding genes exhibited extremely high transcription levels. Most differentially higher expressed transcripts were found within Zone 2. In Zone 3, the zone with the strongest degree of interaction, gene transcripts indicative of apoptotic activity were highly abundant. The transcriptome data presented in this work support previous models of the disease and interaction cycle of R. solani and lettuce and may influence effective techniques for control of this pathogen.

SUBMITTER: Verwaaijen B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5423683 | biostudies-literature | 2017

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IB (isolate 7/3/14) transcriptome during interaction with the host plant lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.).

Verwaaijen Bart B Wibberg Daniel D Kröber Magdalena M Winkler Anika A Zrenner Rita R Bednarz Hanna H Niehaus Karsten K Grosch Rita R Pühler Alfred A Schlüter Andreas A

PloS one 20170509 5

The necrotrophic pathogen Rhizoctonia solani is one of the most economically important soil-borne pathogens of crop plants. Isolates of R. solani AG1-IB are the major pathogens responsible for bottom-rot of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and are also responsible for diseases in other plant species. Currently, there is lack of information regarding the molecular responses in R. solani during the pathogenic interaction between the necrotrophic soil-borne pathogen and its host plant. The genome of R. ...[more]

PMID: 28486484

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Project description:In the muck soil region of southwestern Quebec, vegetable growers are threatened by several soilborne diseases, particularly the bottom rot of lettuce caused by the fungus Rhizoctonia solani. The particularly warm temperature of the few last seasons was marked by an increase in disease severity, and the associated yield losses were significant for Quebec lettuce growers. In the absence of registered fungicides and resistant cultivars, the management of Rhizoctonia solani-induced diseases in lettuce is based on good agricultural practices, which require detailed knowledge of the pathogen. In this study, Rhizoctonia solani fungal strains were isolated from infected field-grown lettuce plants presenting bottom rot symptoms to determine the anastomotic groups (AGs) of these isolates by internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) sequencing. Rhizoctonia solani AG 1-IB was identified as the main anastomotic group causing bottom rot lettuce in field-grown lettuce in organic soils in the Montérégie region. Two specific and sensitive quantitative PCR assays were then developed for R. solani AG1-IB and R. solani. The AG 1-IB qPCR assay amplified all strains of R. solani AG 1-IB tested, and no PCR product was obtained for any non-target strains. The R. solani qPCR assay amplified all strains of R. solani and did not amplify non-target strains, except for two strains of binucleate Rhizoctonia AG-E. In artificially inoculated soils, the sensitivity of both qPCR assays was set to 1 μg of sclerotia g-1 of dry soil. In the growth chamber experiment, a minimum concentration between 14 and 42 μg sclerotia g-1 of dry soil was required to induce the development of symptoms on the lettuce. Indeed, the AG 1-IB qPCR assay was sensitive enough to detect the lowest soil concentration of AG1-IB capable of inducing symptoms in head lettuce. In addition, the qPCR assays successfully detected R. solani and R. solani AG 1-IB from infected plant tissue samples and soil samples from lettuce fields. The qPCR assays developed in this study will be useful tools in lettuce bottom rot management.

Project description:Zoysia japonica brown spot was caused by necrotrophic fungus Rhizoctonia solani invasion, which led to severe financial loss in city lawn and golf ground maintenance. However, little was known about the molecular mechanism of R. solani pathogenicity in Z. japonica. In this study we examined early stage interaction between R. solani AG1 IA strain and Z. japonica cultivar "Zenith" root by cell ultra-structure analysis, pathogenesis-related proteins assay and transcriptome analysis to explore molecular clues for AG1 IA strain pathogenicity in Z. japonica. No obvious cell structure damage was found in infected roots and most pathogenesis-related protein activities showedg a downward trend especially in 36 h post inoculation, which exhibits AG1 IA strain stealthy invasion characteristic. According to Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database classification, most DEGs in infected "Zenith" roots dynamically changed especially in three aspects, signal transduction, gene translation, and protein synthesis. Total 3422 unigenes of "Zenith" root were predicted into 14 kinds of resistance (R) gene class. Potential fungal resistance related unigenes of "Zenith" root were involved in ligin biosynthesis, phytoalexin synthesis, oxidative burst, wax biosynthesis, while two down-regulated unigenes encoding leucine-rich repeat receptor protein kinase and subtilisin-like protease might be important for host-derived signal perception to AG1 IA strain invasion. According to Pathogen Host Interaction (PHI) database annotation, 1508 unigenes of AG1 IA strain were predicted and classified into 37 known pathogen species, in addition, unigenes encoding virulence, signaling, host stress tolerance, and potential effector were also predicted. This research uncovered transcriptional profiling during the early phase interaction between R. solani AG1 IA strain and Z. japonica, and will greatly help identify key pathogenicity of AG1 IA strain.

Project description:Bolting is a key process in the growth and development of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). High temperature can induce earlier bolting which decreases in both quality and production of lettuce. However, knowledge underlying lettuce bolting is still lacking. To better understand the molecular basis of bolting, a comparative proteomics analysis was conducted on lettuce stems in the bolting period induced by high temperature (33 °C) compared with a control (20 °C) using iTRAQ-based proteomics, phenotypic measures, and biological verifications. High temperature induced lettuce bolting, while control temperature did not. Of the 6656 proteins identified, 758 proteins significantly altered their expression level induced by high-temperature relative to the control, of which 409 were up-regulated and 349 down-regulated. Proteins with abundance level change were mainly involved in photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, stress response, hormone synthesis, and signal transduction. These differential proteins were mainly enriched in pathways associated with photosynthesis and tryptophan metabolism involving in auxin (IAA) biosynthesis. Among the differentially expressed proteins associated with photosynthesis and tryptophan metabolism were up-regulated. Moreover, in gibberellin (GA) biosynthesis pathway, 10 of main enzymes of P450 were up-regulated. Proteins related to SAUR and GRP, implicated in IAA and GA signal transduction were up-regulated, and the phosphorylation and ubiquitination related proteins regulating IAA and GA signal transduction were also induced. These findings indicate that a high temperature enhances the function of photosynthesis, IAA and GA synthesis and signal transduction to promote the process of bolting, which is in line with the physiology and transcription levels of IAA and GA metabolism. Our data provide a first comprehensive dataset for gaining novel understanding of the molecular basis underlying lettuce bolting induced by high temperature. It is potentially important for further functional analysis and genetic manipulation for molecular breeding to breed new cultivar of lettuce to restrain early bolting, which is vital for improving vegetable quality.

Dataset Information

The Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IB (isolate 7/3/14) transcriptome during interaction with the host plant lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.).

Publications

The Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IB (isolate 7/3/14) transcriptome during interaction with the host plant lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.).

Similar Datasets

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