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Protective Factors in the Intestinal Microbiome Against Clostridium difficile Infection in Recipients of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

ABSTRACT: Background:Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a frequent complication in recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), who receive intensive treatments that significantly disrupt the intestinal microbiota. In this study, we examined the microbiota composition of allo-HSCT recipients to identify bacterial colonizers that confer protection against CDI after engraftment. Methods:Feces collected from adult recipients allo-HSCT at engraftment were analyzed; 16S ribosomal RNA genes were sequenced and analyzed from each sample. Bacterial taxa with protective effects against development of CDI were identified by means of linear discriminant analysis effect size analysis and then further assessed with clinical predictors of CDI using survival analysis. Results:A total of 234 allo-HSCT recipients were studied; postengraftment CDI developed in 53 (22.6%). Within the composition of the microbiota, the presence of 3 distinct bacterial taxa was correlated with protection against CDI: Bacteroidetes, Lachnospiraceae, and Ruminococcaceae. Colonization with these groups at engraftment was associated with a 60% lower risk of CDI, independent of clinical factors. Conclusions:Colonization with these 3 bacterial groups is associated with a lower risk of CDI. These groups have been shown to be vital components of the intestinal microbiota. Targeted efforts to maintain them may help minimize the risk of CDI in this at-risk population.

SUBMITTER: Lee YJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5426375 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Protective Factors in the Intestinal Microbiome Against Clostridium difficile Infection in Recipients of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Lee Yeon Joo YJ Arguello Esther S ES Jenq Robert R RR Littmann Eric E Kim Grace J GJ Miller Liza C LC Ling Lilan L Figueroa Cesar C Robilotti Elizabeth E Perales Miguel-Angel MA Barker Juliet N JN Giralt Sergio S van den Brink Marcel R M MRM Pamer Eric G EG Taur Ying Y

The Journal of infectious diseases 20170401 7

<h4>Background</h4>Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a frequent complication in recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), who receive intensive treatments that significantly disrupt the intestinal microbiota. In this study, we examined the microbiota composition of allo-HSCT recipients to identify bacterial colonizers that confer protection against CDI after engraftment.<h4>Methods</h4>Feces collected from adult recipients allo-HSCT at engraftment were ...[more]

PMID: 28498996

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Project description:Probiotics might offer an attractive alternative to prevent and control Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) infection (CDI). Limited information is available on the ability of commercially used bifidobacterial strains to inhibit C. difficile. This study examined the anti-clostridial effects of Bifidobacterium longum JDM301, a widely used commercial probiotic strain in China, in vitro and in vivo. In vitro evaluation revealed a significant reduction in C. difficile counts when JDM301 was co-cultured with C. difficile, which was correlated with the significant decrease in clostridial toxin titres (TcdA and TcdB). Furthermore, the cell-free culture supernatants (CFS) of JDM301 inhibited C. difficile growth and degraded TcdA and TcdB. Notably, the results showed that acid pH promoted the degradation of TcdA by CFS from JDM301. Furthermore, comparative studies among 10 B. longum strains were performed, which showed that the inhibitory effect of CFS from JDM301 was similar with the other 8 B. longum strains and higher than strain BLY1. However, when it was neutralized, the significant different was lost. When present together, it was suggested that the acid pH induced by probiotics not only played important roles in the growth inhibition against C. difficile resulting in the reduction of toxins titres, but also directly promoted the degradation of clostridial toxin. In vivo studies proved that JDM301 partially relieved damage to tissues caused by C. difficile and also decreased the number of C. difficile and toxin levels. In summary, our results demonstrated that the commercial strain, JDM301 could be considered a probiotic able to exert anti-toxin capability and most of the CFS from Bifidobacterium were able to inhibit the growth of C. difficile, depending on acid pH. These results highlighted a potential that JDM301 could be helpful in preventing CDI and that most of the bifidobacterial strains could (at least partially) exert protective effects by reducing toxin titres through growth inhibition against toxigenic C. difficile.

Dataset Information

Protective Factors in the Intestinal Microbiome Against Clostridium difficile Infection in Recipients of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Publications

Protective Factors in the Intestinal Microbiome Against Clostridium difficile Infection in Recipients of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

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