Dataset Information

New sedimentary evidence reveals a unique history of C₄ biomass in continental East Asia since the early Miocene.

ABSTRACT: Pyrogenic carbon (PyC) and n-alkane data from sediments in the northern South China Sea reveal variations in material from C₄ plants in East Asia over the last ~19?Ma. These data indicate the likely presence of C₄ taxa during the earliest part of the record analysed, with C₄ species also prominent during the mid and late Miocene and especially the mid Quaternary. Notably the two records diverge after the mid Quaternary, when PyC data indicate a reduced contribution of C₄ taxa to biomass burning, whereas plant-derived n-alkanes indicate a greater abundance of C₄ plants. This divergence likely reflects differences in the predominant source areas of organic materials accumulating at the coring site, with PyC representing a larger source area that includes material transported in the atmosphere from more temperate (relatively cooler and drier) parts of East Asia. Variations in the relative abundances of C₃ and C₄ taxa appear to be linked to a combination of environmental factors that have varied temporally and geographically and that are unique to East Asia. A major expansion of C₄ biomass in warmer subtropical parts of eastern Asia from ~1?Ma and particularly from ~0.4?Ma is later than other parts of the world.

SUBMITTER: Zhou B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5428023 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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New sedimentary evidence reveals a unique history of C4 biomass in continental East Asia since the early Miocene.

Zhou Bin B Bird Michael M Zheng Hongbo H Zhang Enlou E Wurster Christopher M CM Xie Luhua L Taylor David D

Scientific reports 20170313 1

Pyrogenic carbon (PyC) and n-alkane data from sediments in the northern South China Sea reveal variations in material from C4 plants in East Asia over the last ~19 Ma. These data indicate the likely presence of C4 taxa during the earliest part of the record analysed, with C4 species also prominent during the mid and late Miocene and especially the mid Quaternary. Notably the two records diverge after the mid Quaternary, when PyC data indicate a reduced contributi ...[more]

PMID: 28279022

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Project description:East Asia has the most diverse temperate flora in the world primarily due to the lack of Pleistocene glaciation and the geographic heterogeneity. Although increasing phylogeography studies in this region provided more proofs in this issue, discrepancies and uncertainty still exist, especially in northern temperate deciduous broad-leaved and coniferous mixed forest region (II). And a widespread plant species could reduce the complexity to infer the relationship between diversity and physiographical pattern. Hence, we studied the evolution history of a widespread temperate tree, Acer mono, populations in region II and the influence of physiographic patterns on intraspecific genetic diversity. Analyses of chloroplast sequences and nuclear microsatellites indicated high levels of genetic diversity. The diversity distribution was spatially heterogeneous and a latitudinal cline existed in both markers. The spatial distribution pattern between genetic diversity within A. mono and the diversity at species level was generally consistent. Western subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest subregion (IVb) had a unique ancient chloroplast clade (CP3) and a nuclear gene pool (GP5) with dominance indicating the critical role of this area in species diversification. Genetic data and ecological niche model results both suggested that populations in region II disappeared during the last glacial maximum (LGM) and recovered from south of Changbai Mt. and the Korean Peninsula. Two distribution centers were likely during the LGM, one in the north edge of warm temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest region (III) and another in the south edge of region III. This was reflected by the genetic pattern with two spatially independent genetic groups. This study highlights the key role of region III in sustaining genetic diversity in the northern range and connecting diversity between southern and northern range. We elucidated the diversity relationship between vegetation regions which could facilitate the understanding of biodiversity origin and maintenance in East Asia.

Dataset Information

New sedimentary evidence reveals a unique history of C₄ biomass in continental East Asia since the early Miocene.

Publications

New sedimentary evidence reveals a unique history of C<sub>4</sub> biomass in continental East Asia since the early Miocene.

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