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Species evolution and quality evaluation of four Coptis herbal medicinal materials in Southwest China.

ABSTRACT: Coptis herbs, which are important herbal medicinal materials, are the dried rhizomes of various plants. In China's herbal market, drying herbs can severely influence morphological markers such as shape, color, and odor, which make consumers difficult to precisely identify the herbs and effectively evaluate the quality. Here, we present the phylogenetic analysis of four Coptis herbal medicinal materials based on internal transcribed spacer sequences. C. chinensis, C. omeiensis, C. deltoidea and C. teeta constituted a monophyletic group. In this group, C. omeiensis and C. deltoidea cluster together, and they form the sister group with C. teeta, and C. chinensis locate the outermost of C. omeiensis, C. deltoidea and C. teeta. At the same time, the HPLC-DAD method was applied to simultaneously analyze main alkaloids from seventeen different samples. On the basis of the robust phylogenetic topology, the parsimony reconstructions of six effective medicinal constituents were implemented to elucidate the evolutionary history in Coptis herbs, and thus evaluate the herbal quality. The results showed that C. chinensis had been considered to be the best herb, not only the high content in single constituent but also in total alkaloids. In addition, all the samples from seventeen habitats were considered as qualified herbs, and they could meet the requirements of national quality standards for Coptis herbs in China.

SUBMITTER: Chen H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5428121 | biostudies-literature | 2017 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Species evolution and quality evaluation of four Coptis herbal medicinal materials in Southwest China.

Chen Hanting H Fan Gang G He Yang Y

3 Biotech 20170425 1

Coptis herbs, which are important herbal medicinal materials, are the dried rhizomes of various plants. In China's herbal market, drying herbs can severely influence morphological markers such as shape, color, and odor, which make consumers difficult to precisely identify the herbs and effectively evaluate the quality. Here, we present the phylogenetic analysis of four Coptis herbal medicinal materials based on internal transcribed spacer sequences. C. chinensis, C. omeiensis, C. deltoidea and C ...[more]

PMID: 28444606

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Project description:BackgroundCinnamomum migao is an endangered evergreen woody plant species endemic to China. Its fruit is used as a traditional medicine by the Miao nationality of China and has a high commercial value. However, its seed germination rate is extremely low under natural and artificial conditions. As the foundation of plant propagation, seed germination involves a series of physiological, cellular, and molecular changes; however, the molecular events and systematic changes occurring during C. migao seed germination remain unclear.ResultsIn this study, combined with the changes in physiological indexes and transcription levels, we revealed the regulation characteristics of cell structures, storage substances, and antioxidant capacity during seed germination. Electron microscopy analysis revealed that abundant smooth and full oil bodies were present in the cotyledons of the seeds. With seed germination, oil bodies and other substances gradually degraded to supply energy; this was consistent with the content of storage substances. In parallel to electron microscopy and physiological analyses, transcriptome analysis showed that 80-90 % of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) appeared after seed imbibition, reflecting important development and physiological changes. The unigenes involved in material metabolism (glycerolipid metabolism, fatty acid degradation, and starch and sucrose metabolism) and energy supply pathways (pentose phosphate pathway, glycolysis pathway, pyruvate metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation) were differentially expressed in the four germination stages. Among these DEGs, a small number of genes in the energy supply pathway at the initial stage of germination maintained high level of expression to maintain seed vigor and germination ability. Genes involved in lipid metabolism were firstly activated at a large scale in the LK (seed coat fissure) stage, and then genes involved in carbohydrates (CHO) metabolism were activated, which had their own species specificity.ConclusionsOur study revealed the transcriptional levels of genes and the sequence of their corresponding metabolic pathways during seed germination. The changes in cell structure and physiological indexes also confirmed these events. Our findings provide a foundation for determining the molecular mechanisms underlying seed germination.

Dataset Information

Species evolution and quality evaluation of four Coptis herbal medicinal materials in Southwest China.

Publications

Species evolution and quality evaluation of four Coptis herbal medicinal materials in Southwest China.

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