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Relationship of pressure to be thin with gains in body weight and fat mass in adolescents.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Sociocultural pressure to be thin is commonly reported by adolescents; yet, to what extent such pressure is associated with weight gain has not been evaluated longitudinally. OBJECTIVE:Examine whether pressure to be thin was positively associated with weight and fat gain in adolescents. METHODS:Participants were 196 healthy adolescent (age 15?±?1?years old) girls (65%) and boys of varying weights (BMI 25?±?7?kg/m2 ) studied at baseline and 1-year follow-up. At baseline, adolescents and their mothers reported pressure to be thin by questionnaire. At baseline and follow-up, BMI was calculated, and fat mass was assessed with air displacement plethysmography. Multiple regression was used to examine associations between baseline pressure to be thin and 1-year changes in BMI and fat mass. RESULTS:Accounting for multiple covariates, including baseline BMI or fat, adolescent-reported pressure from parents and peers and mother-reported pressure toward their teen were associated with greater gains in either adolescent BMI or fat (ps?

SUBMITTER: Suelter CS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5433928 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Relationship of pressure to be thin with gains in body weight and fat mass in adolescents.

Suelter C S CS Schvey N N Kelly N R NR Shanks M M Thompson K A KA Mehari R R Brady S S Yanovski S Z SZ Melby C L CL Tanofsky-Kraff M M Yanovski J A JA Shomaker L B LB

Pediatric obesity 20161116 1

<h4>Background</h4>Sociocultural pressure to be thin is commonly reported by adolescents; yet, to what extent such pressure is associated with weight gain has not been evaluated longitudinally.<h4>Objective</h4>Examine whether pressure to be thin was positively associated with weight and fat gain in adolescents.<h4>Methods</h4>Participants were 196 healthy adolescent (age 15 ± 1 years old) girls (65%) and boys of varying weights (BMI 25 ± 7 kg/m<sup>2</sup> ) studied at baseline and 1-year follo ...[more]

PMID: 27860465

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Project description:BackgroundYoung adults with patellofemoral pain (PFP) have a high prevalence of being overweight or obese, which is associated with impaired lower limb function and muscle weakness. However, the impact of being overweight or obese on pain sensitivity has not been explored.ObjectivesWe investigated the association between body fat, skeletal muscle mass, and body mass index (BMI) with pressure hyperalgesia and self-reported pain in young adults with PFP.Methods114 adults with PFP (24 ± 5 years old, 62% women) were recruited. Demographics and self-reported pain (current and worst knee pain intensity in the previous month - 0-100 mm visual analog scale) were recorded. Body fat and skeletal muscle mass were measured using bioelectrical impedance. Pressure hyperalgesia was measured using a handheld algometer (pressure pain threshold) at three sites: center of patella of the painful knee, ipsilateral tibialis anterior, and contralateral upper limb. The association between body fat, skeletal muscle mass, and BMI with pressure hyperalgesia and self-reported pain were investigated using partial correlations and hierarchical regression models (adjusted for sex, bilateral pain, and symptoms duration).ResultsHigher body fat and lower skeletal muscle mass were associated with local, spread, and widespread pressure hyperalgesia (ΔR2=0.09 to 0.17, p ≤ 0.001; ΔR2=0.14 to 0.26, p<0.001, respectively), and higher current self-reported pain (ΔR2=0.10, p<0.001; ΔR2=0.06, p = 0.007, respectively). Higher BMI was associated with higher current self-reported pain (ΔR2=0.10, p = 0.001), but not with any measures of pressure hyperalgesia (p>0.05).ConclusionHigher body fat and lower skeletal muscle mass help to explain local, spread, and widespread pressure hyperalgesia, and self-reported pain in people with PFP. BMI only helps to explain self-reported pain. These factors should be considered when assessing people with PFP and developing their management plan, but caution should be taken as the strength of association was generally low.

Dataset Information

Relationship of pressure to be thin with gains in body weight and fat mass in adolescents.

Publications

Relationship of pressure to be thin with gains in body weight and fat mass in adolescents.

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