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Relation between patterns of intrinsic network connectivity, cognitive functioning, and symptom presentation in trauma-exposed patients with major depressive disorder.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:The present study investigated resting fMRI connectivity within the default mode (DMN), salience (SN), and central executive (CEN) networks in relation to neurocognitive performance and symptom severity in trauma-exposed patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). METHOD:Group independent component analysis was conducted among patients with MDD (n = 21), examining DMN, SN, and CEN connectivity in relation to neurocognitive performance and symptom severity. Activation in these networks was also compared between the patient group and healthy controls (n = 20). RESULTS:Among the patient group, higher levels of performance on measures of verbal memory and executive functioning were related to increased connectivity within the DMN (i.e., inferior parietal lobe; precuneus). Greater depression severity was related to reduced connectivity between the SN and a node of the DMN (i.e., posterior cingulate cortex) and higher depersonalization symptoms were related to enhanced connectivity between the SN and a node of the DMN (i.e., middle temporal gyrus). Higher symptoms of depersonalization were also associated with reduced integration of the DMN with the medial frontal gyrus. Relative to controls, patients with MDD showed greater connectivity of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex within the DMN. CONCLUSION:Intrinsic connectivity network patterns are related to cognitive performance and symptom presentation among trauma-exposed patients with MDD.

SUBMITTER: Parlar M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5434180 | biostudies-literature | 2017 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Relation between patterns of intrinsic network connectivity, cognitive functioning, and symptom presentation in trauma-exposed patients with major depressive disorder.

Parlar Melissa M Densmore Maria M Hall Geoffrey B GB Frewen Paul A PA Lanius Ruth A RA McKinnon Margaret C MC

Brain and behavior 20170331 5

<h4>Objective</h4>The present study investigated resting fMRI connectivity within the default mode (DMN), salience (SN), and central executive (CEN) networks in relation to neurocognitive performance and symptom severity in trauma-exposed patients with major depressive disorder (MDD).<h4>Method</h4>Group independent component analysis was conducted among patients with MDD (<i>n</i> = 21), examining DMN, SN, and CEN connectivity in relation to neurocognitive performance and symptom severity. Acti ...[more]

PMID: 28523217

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Project description:Aims Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is associated with an increased risk of chronic disease related to weight gain, problematic eating behaviours and neuroendocrine changes. MDD is frequently associated with altered hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity and cortisol secretion, where cortisol has been implicated in regulating energy balance, food intake and depressogenic weight changes. However, little research has examined the relationships between cortisol, adiposity and depressogenic problematic eating behaviours. Method Plasma cortisol concentrations were compared between 37 participants with MDD reporting appetite/weight loss, 43 participants with MDD reporting appetite/weight gain, and 60 healthy controls, by sex. Associations between cortisol, indices of adiposity and problematic eating behaviours were then assessed after accounting for demographic variables and depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Depression subscale of the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, and eating behaviours with the Dutch Eating Behaviours Questionnaire and Yale Food Addiction Scale. Results Participants with MDD reporting appetite/weight loss had higher cortisol compared to controls, and marginally higher cortisol than those with MDD reporting appetite/weight gain. Cortisol negatively and significantly accounted for unique variance in body mass index and waist circumference after accounting for variance associated with age, sex and depressive symptoms, however it was not a significant predictor of problematic eating behaviours, such as emotional eating or food addiction. Cortisol concentrations did not differ between sexes. Conclusion The results indicate that cortisol is related to lower indices of adiposity and depressogenic symptoms of appetite/weight loss but is not related to problematic eating behaviours and appetite increases in MDD. These findings provide further evidence that the melancholic and atypical subtypes of MDD are associated with differential neuroendocrine and anthropometric indices, as well as behavioural and symptom profiles. Further research investigating the temporal nature of the identified relationships may assist in facilitating the development of improved interventions for individuals affected by weight changes in MDD. Highlights • Appetite changes, adiposity and problematic eating in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) were examined relative to cortisol.• Cortisol was higher in those with MDD with decreased/unchanged appetite/weight than controls, and marginally higher than those with MDD with increased appetite/weight.• Cortisol was a negative predictor of indices of adiposity, but was not associated with problematic eating.• Cortisol may be more relevant to melancholic compared to atypical MDD, supporting differential neuroendocrine and behavioural symptom profiles between depressogenic subtypes.

Dataset Information

Relation between patterns of intrinsic network connectivity, cognitive functioning, and symptom presentation in trauma-exposed patients with major depressive disorder.

Publications

Relation between patterns of intrinsic network connectivity, cognitive functioning, and symptom presentation in trauma-exposed patients with major depressive disorder.

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