Oral health-related quality of life and loneliness among older adults.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Rouxel P
PROVIDER: S-EPMC5435788 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:PurposeHealth-related quality of life (HRQOL) in older persons is influenced by physical and mental health, as well as by their social contacts and social support. Older women and men have disparate types of social networks; they each value social ties differently and experience loneliness in unique and personal ways. The aim of this study is, therefore, to determine the longitudinal association between loneliness and social isolation with HRQOL in older people-separated by gender.MethodsData stem from the third and fourth follow-up of the ESTHER study-a population-based cohort study of the older population in Germany. A sample of 2171 older women and men (mean age: 69.3 years, range 57-84 years) were included in this study; HRQOL was assessed by using the Short Form-12 questionnaire (SF-12). Data on physical and mental health, loneliness, and social networks were examined in the course of comprehensive home visits by trained study doctors. Gender-specific linear regression analyses were performed to predict physical quality of life (measured by the PCS, physical component score of the SF-12) and mental quality of life (measured by the MCS, mental component score) after three years, adjusted by socioeconomic variables as well as physical, mental, and social well-being.ResultsAt baseline, PCS was 41.3 (SD: 10.0) in women and 42.2 (SD: 9.6) in men (p = .04). MCS was 47.0 (SD: 10.2) in women and 49.6 (SD: 8.6) in men (p < .001). In both genders, PCS and MCS were lower three years later. Loneliness at t0 was negatively associated with both PCS and MCS after three years (t1) among women, and with MCS but not PCS after three years among men. In both genders, the strongest predictor of PCS after three years was PCS at t0 (p < .001), while the strongest predictors of MCS after three years were MCS and PCS at t0.ConclusionHRQOL in elderly women and men is predicted by different biopsychosocial factors. Loneliness predicts decreased MCS after three years in both genders, but decreased PCS after three years only in women. Thus, a greater impact of loneliness on the health of older women can be surmised and should therefore be considered in the context of their medical care.
| S-EPMC9188519 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND: Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is a key outcome in arthritis, but few population-based studies have examined the relationship of specific arthritic conditions, such as osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with HRQOL. METHODS: Older adults in Pennsylvania completed a mail version of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) HRQOL modules. Medicare data were used to identify subjects with OA, RA, and no arthritis diagnosis. We compared HRQOL responses among these groups, and we also examined relationships of demographic characteristics to HRQOL among subjects with arthritis. RESULTS: In analyses controlling for demographic characteristics and comorbidity, subjects with OA and RA had poorer scores than those without arthritis on all HRQOL items, including general health, physical health, mental health, activity limitation, pain, sleep, and feeling healthy and full of energy. HRQOL scores were also lower for those with RA compared to OA. Among individuals with arthritis, all subject characteristics (including age, race, sex, nursing home residence, marital status, income, and comorbid illnesses) were significantly related to at least one HRQOL item. Older age, nursing home residence, and greater comorbidity were the most consistently associated with poorer HRQOL. CONCLUSIONS: Results of this study show that both OA and RA have a significant impact on multiple dimensions of HRQOL among older adults. Results also suggest the CDC HRQOL items are suitable for use among older adults and in mail surveys. Due to the rising number of older adults in many countries, the public health burden of arthritis is expected to increase dramatically. Efforts are needed to enhance access to medical care and disseminate self-management interventions for arthritis.
| S-EPMC324570 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Individuals with disabilities are regarded as a highly vulnerable population group, particularly as far as oral health is concern. However, few studies have assessed the impact of the oral condition on the quality of life of these individuals. Therefore, the aim of this study is to expand knowledge on the oral health status of the Portuguese adults with mild intellectual disability, and to assess how the patient's oral health is related to their quality of life. A sample of 240 adults with mild intellectual disabilities linked to the Portuguese Federation for Intellectual Disability, were interviewed using a previously validated version of the Oral Health Impact Profile. An oral health examination was also conducted using three oral health indexes: Clinical Oral Health Index (COHI); Clinical Oral Care Needs Index (COCNI) and the Clinical Oral Prevention Index (COPI). Sociodemographic characteristics and dental health factors were also collected, following statistical analysis. More than half of the individuals (54,9%) presented one or more problems of major to severe impact on health (COHI level 2); only 4,6% of the individuals do not need treatment or examination (COCNI level 0) and 85% of the study sample needs measures of educational or preventive action (COPI level 1). In 76,9% of the participants, oral health had impact on the quality of life. The most affected dimensions of life were physical pain with 61,9%, followed by psychological discomfort and psychological disability with 45,1% and 45%, respectively. With relation to oral health factors and sociodemographic variables it was verified that fewer teeth and higher self-perception of need for dental treatment had a negative impact on the quality of life. On the other hand, institutionalization and an increase in at least one category in the self-perception of the oral health status had a positive impact on the quality of life. Given the high burden of oral disease and the considerable impact on quality of life found in this study, the establishment of guidelines to improve the oral health and quality of life of these individuals should be regarded as imperative.
| S-EPMC5862473 | biostudies-other
Project description:Background: This study aimed to assess the association between loneliness and Health-Related Quality of Life (HR-QoL) among community-dwelling older citizens in five European countries. We characterize loneliness broadly from an emotional and social perspective. Methods: This cross-sectional study measured loneliness with the 6-item De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale and HR-QoL with the 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey. The association between loneliness and HR-QoL was examined using multivariable linear regression models. Results: Data of 2169 citizens of at least 70 years of age and living independently (mean age = 79.6 ± 5.6; 61% females) were analyzed. Among the participants, 1007 (46%) were lonely; 627 (29%) were emotionally and 575 (27%) socially lonely. Participants who were lonely experienced a lower HR-QoL than participants who were not lonely (p ≤ 0.001). Emotional loneliness [std-β: -1.39; 95%-CI: -1.88 to -0.91] and social loneliness [-0.95; -1.44 to -0.45] were both associated with a lower physical HR-QoL. Emotional loneliness [-3.73; -4.16 to -3.31] and social loneliness [-1.84; -2.27 to -1.41] were also both associated with a lower mental HR-QoL. Conclusions: We found a negative association between loneliness and HR-QoL, especially between emotional loneliness and mental HR-QoL. This finding indicates that older citizens who miss an intimate or intense emotional relationship and interventions targeting mental HR-QoL deserve more attention in policy and practice than in the past.
| S-EPMC7013468 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo evaluate effect of dental caries experience and untreated dental decay on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) in working adults.MethodsThe clinical records of 160 patients were reviewed. Dental health indicators were derived from individual tooth- and surface-level data allowing for calculating the number of decayed surfaces (D), number of decayed missed filled surfaces (DMFS), and significant caries (SiC) indices. A questionnaire was administered to verify demographic factors and OHRQoL. The questionnaire was administered via face-to-face interview, for patients in the hospital; or via telephone interview, for those who could not complete it during their hospital visit. Models were developed using multivariable linear regression to predict total OHIP-14 scores and examine the simultaneous association of independent and outcome variables. The model was adjusted for age, gender, and nationality..ResultsPhysical limitation and psychological discomfort were the most frequent impacted domains, affecting 17.1% and 7.5% of subjects, respectively. Painful aching was the most frequent item to have any impact, affecting 64.4% of the subjects. The results of multivariable analysis indicated that the SiC score could statistically significantly predict the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) score, P=0.0003. In the linear regression model, for participants with DMFS equal to or higher than the SiC, on average, OHIP scores were almost 10 points higher than for participants with DMFS below the SiC.ConclusionThe more the dental decay the higher the impact on OHRQoL. From a dental public health perspective, using OHRQoL as a need assessment tool, along with dental clinical indicator, can be helpful in planning and targeting public health programs for the most in-need adult populations.Clinical significanceThis study identified that patients with severe dental caries report poorer OHRQoL. Clinicians should be aware of impacts that dental decay may have on OHRQoL, including physical, psychological concerns, and pain.
| S-EPMC7714960 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundMultimorbidity has been associated with adverse health outcomes, such as reduced physical function, poor quality-of-life (QoL), poor self-rated health.ObjectiveThe association between quality of life, social support, sense of loneliness and sex and age in older adult patients affected by two or more chronic diseases (multimorbidity) was evaluated.MethodsPatients n. 162 with multimorbidity and living with family members.TestsMMSE-Mini-Mental-State-Examination; ADL-Activities of Daily Living; Social Schedule: demographic variables; Loneliness Scale -de Jong Gierveld; Quality-of-Life-FACT-G; WHOQOL-BRIEF Social relationships.Statistical analysisMultivariate Regression Analysis.ResultsThe patients with three or more diseases have worse dimensions of FACT-G total score (p = 0.029), QoL Physical-well-being (p = 0.003), Social well-being (p = 0.003), Emotional-well-being (p = 0.012), Functional-well-being (p < 0.001), than those with two. Multiple linear regression QoL: FACT_G total score, PWB, SWB, EWB, FWB as dependent variables. In the presence of multimorbidity with an increase in the patient's age FACT-G total score (B = -0.004, p = 0.482), PWB (B = -0.024, p = 0.014), SWB (B = -0.022, p = 0.051), EWB (B = -0.001, p = 0.939), FWB (B = -0.023, p = 0.013) decrease by an average of 0.1, and as the sense of solitude increases FACT-G total score (B = -0.285, p < 0.000), PWB (B = -0.435, p < 0.000), SWB(B = -0.401, p < 0.000), EWB(B = -0.494, p < 0.000), FWB(B = -0.429, p < 0.000) decrease by 0.4.ConclusionsA sense of loneliness and advancing age are associated with bad quality-of life in self-sufficient elderly patients with multimorbidity.Implications for practiceDemonstrating that loneliness, as well as in the presence of interpersonal relations, is predictive of worse quality of life in patients with multimorbidity helps identify people most at risk for common symptoms and lays the groundwork for research concerning both diagnosis and treatment.
| S-EPMC9915419 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The purpose of this secondary analysis study was to compare social networks, health-promoting behaviors, and health-related quality of life of South Korean adults, aged 65 years or older, with and without arthritis, and to identify factors that are related to health-related quality of life. The sample consisted of 103 adults with arthritis and 123 adults without arthritis. Data were analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance, χ2-test, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression analysis. All variables except age and religion showed statistically significant differences between older adults with and without arthritis. The group with arthritis reported lower scores on social networks, health-promoting behaviors, and health-related quality of life compared to the healthy group without arthritis. Analyzed using multiple regression, 43.8% of the older adults with arthritis had the factors related to health-related quality of life (F = 40.71, p < .001) including exercise (β = .43, p < .001) and living with someone (β = .32, p = .001). In the group of older adults without arthritis, 26.2% had the factors related to health-related quality of life (F = 15.44, p < .001) including exercise (β = .31, p = .001), social gatherings, and employment status. Exercise was one of the factors that showed the strongest relationship to health-related quality of life. The provision of resources that can enable an individual to engage in physical activities is warranted.
| S-EPMC6655701 | biostudies-other
Project description:ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to examine the relations among quality of life (QOL), loneliness and health-related characteristics in a sample of Chinese older people.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingCommunities in Dandong city, Liaoning province, China.ParticipantsSample of 732 older people aged 60 and older who were living in Dandong, Liaoning province, China.MethodsA questionnaire was administered to the participants face-to-face. The questionnaire contained four sections: demographic characteristics, health-related characteristics, the EQ-5D Scale and the UCLA Loneliness Scale. The t-test, F-test and multivariable linear regression analyses were performed to individually test associations between the demographic data, health-related characteristics, loneliness and QOL.ResultsChronic diseases, loneliness, age and smoking status were negatively associated with QOL (p<0.05). Satisfaction with health services, income and physical activity were positively associated with QOL (p<0.05).ConclusionsLoneliness, chronic diseases and health service satisfaction were important factors related to low QOL among older people in China. The findings indicate that reducing loneliness, managing chronic diseases and improving the health service may help to improve the QOL for older people.
| S-EPMC6252650 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundPhysical frailty is related to adverse outcomes, and poor oral health has been linked to malnourishment. Subjective measures of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) have been used as indicators of the oral health problems of older adults, and they have been associated with malnourishment. This study aimed to assess OHRQoL's association with physical frailty.MethodsCross-sectional study was conducted using data from the Nagasaki Islands Study that enrolled participants aged ≥60 years at Japanese national medical check-ups from 2014 to 2019. Physical frailty phenotype criteria were determined using the modified Fried frailty phenotype model. OHRQoL was assessed using the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI). Dentists conducted clinical dental examinations. Simple correlation and linear regression analyses were performed to investigate the associations of number of physical frailty phenotype criteria with GOHAI and other oral health indicators.ResultsAmong 1341 participants with a mean age of 72 years, GOHAI score was significantly associated with number of physical frailty phenotype criteria (B = -0.01, 95% confidence interval: -0.02 to -0.01, p < 0.001). The association remained significant after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, history of hypertension, history of diabetes mellitus, smoking status, Kessler-6 score, and number of remaining teeth.ConclusionsOral health-related quality of life was associated with physical frailty in Japanese community-dwelling older adults.
| S-EPMC8411407 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionDespite being acknowledged as the second global burden of oral disease, periodontal disease has few epidemiologic studies in the literature, particularly for developing countries. Many previous studies have assessed the relationship between periodontal disease and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), with patients attending dental clinic or hospitals rather than a general population. This study attempted to fill the knowledge gap in limited information about periodontal disease and OHRQoL, with reference to a general population in a developing country.ObjectivesTo investigate the relationship between OHRQoL and periodontal diseases in an older population in Indonesia.MethodsWe invited 582 older people from community health centers. The 369 (63.4%) older people who agreed to participate consented to an oral health examination and a questionnaire capturing demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral, and Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) data.ResultsAlmost 75% of the older people had generalized periodontitis; 3% had healthy periodontal status; and around 22% had localized periodontitis. There was a lack of statistical evidence for an association between periodontal disease status and OHRQoL. This result was based on the appraisal of the prevalence of the impact (Odds ratio [OR], 0.95 [95% CI, 0.54 to 1.59]; P = 0.77), difference in mean severities (0.07 [95% CI, -1.66 to 1.80]; P = 0.94), and extent of the impact (P = 0.996). However, we found evidence for a relationship between tooth mobility and OHRQoL for all of the OHIP assessments, including prevalence of the impact (OR, 1.87 [95% CI, 1.16 to 3.01]; P = 0.009), difference in mean severities (-2.98 [95% CI, -4.50 to -1.45]; P < 0.001), and extent of the impact (P = 0.001).ConclusionThere was a lack of statistical evidence for a relationship between periodontal disease status and OHRQoL in this society. However, we found evidence that tooth mobility, as a sign of periodontal disease progression, is related to OHRQoL.Knowledge transfer statementThe present study can be used by dentists, community health workers, and policy makers in Indonesia to understand the prevalence, severity, and extent of the negative impacts of periodontal disease on older people's quality of life. In addition, this study provides information about factors that might considerably affect the oral health-related quality of life in this society, such as brushing habits, dental visit, family income, DMF-T status, and subjective appraisal toward dental health.
| S-EPMC9203662 | biostudies-literature