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Endoscopic Adhesiolysis of Flexor Hallucis Longus Muscle.

ABSTRACT: Adhesion of the flexor hallucis longus (FHL) muscle to the distal tibia can occur after distal tibial fracture, distal fibular fracture, low tibial osteotomy, soft-tissue injury at the posterior ankle, subclinical compartment syndrome of the distal deep posterior compartment of the leg, or Volkmann contracture after deep posterior compartment syndrome of the leg. The purpose of this Technical Note is to report the endoscopic approach of FHL muscle adhesiolysis. It is indicated in patients with symptomatic adhesion of the FHL muscle and contraindicated if there is entrapment of the FHL muscle or tendon in the fracture callus or if there is extensive fibrosis and contracture of the FHL muscle as a result of Volkmann contracture after deep posterior compartment syndrome of the leg.

SUBMITTER: Lui TH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5442461 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Endoscopic Adhesiolysis of Flexor Hallucis Longus Muscle.

Lui Tun Hing TH

Arthroscopy techniques 20170320 2

Adhesion of the flexor hallucis longus (FHL) muscle to the distal tibia can occur after distal tibial fracture, distal fibular fracture, low tibial osteotomy, soft-tissue injury at the posterior ankle, subclinical compartment syndrome of the distal deep posterior compartment of the leg, or Volkmann contracture after deep posterior compartment syndrome of the leg. The purpose of this Technical Note is to report the endoscopic approach of FHL muscle adhesiolysis. It is indicated in patients with s ...[more]

PMID: 28580249

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Endoscopic Tenolysis of Flexor Hallucis Longus Tendon: Surgical Technique.

Project description:Flexor hallucis longus tendon release for surgical treatment of functional hallux limitus-associated conditions is described. This release is obtained by arthroscopic correction of the tendon's blockage, which is located at the retrotalar pulley. The procedure restores the ability for dorsiflexion of the first toe in ankle dorsiflexion (positive stretch test result). Such movement was not possible before, causing a modified gait pattern and affecting the biomechanics of the foot and leg. This explains why the procedure creates favorable changes concerning foot dynamics by restoration not only of the normal tendon glide but also of the normal mobility of the subtalar joint.

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Salvage Flexor Hallucis Longus Transfer for a Failed Achilles Repair: Endoscopic Technique.

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Endoscopic All-inside Repair of the Flexor Hallucis Longus Tendon in Posterior Ankle Impingement Patients.

Project description:Longitudinal flexor hallucis longus (FHL) tendon tears are sometimes complicated by posterior ankle impingement syndrome (PAIS), especially in ballet dancers. In recent years, PAIS has been treated endoscopically, but it is difficult to suture FHL tendon tears endoscopically. In this report, we describe how to suture the FHL tendon endoscopically with the Meniscal Viper Repair system (Arthrex, Naples, FL). Without our endoscopic technique, when a patient is found to have a longitudinal tear of the FHL under endoscopy, we must choose to either neglect the tear or convert to an open repair. Open tendon suture techniques have reportedly had relatively good results but require a longer skin incision than endoscopic surgery for PAIS. Compared with the open repair, the advantages of our technique include earlier recovery, less pain, a lower rate of soft tissue complications, and improved healing through better preservation of the blood supply. This technique is an attractive and useful option because it is an easy and safe method for longitudinal FHL tendon tears.

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Project description:Tenosynovitis of the flexor hallucis longus tendon is a condition typically found in ballet dancers and sometimes in soccer players and is related to chronic overuse. It mostly involves the portion of the tendon behind the ankle joint. However, the portion of the tendon under the sustentaculum tali can also be involved. Open synovectomy requires extensive dissection. We report the technique of arthroscopic synovectomy of the deep portion of the flexor hallucis longus.

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Endoscopic Loose Body Removal From Zone 2 Flexor Hallucis Longus Tendon Sheath.

Project description:Tenosynovial chondromatosis can occur in the flexor hallucis longus tendon sheath. Complete synovectomy and removal of the loose bodies comprise the treatment of choice. An open procedure requires extensive soft-tissue dissection because the flexor hallucis longus tendon is a deep structure except at the hallux. A tendoscopy approach to synovectomy and removal of loose bodies has the advantage of minimally invasive surgery. This technical note outlines pearls and pitfalls and provides a step-by-step guide to performing this procedure.

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Flexor Hallucis Longus Tenosynovitis and First Metatarsophalangeal Synovitis After Penetrating Nail Prick Injury: Treated by Zone 3 Flexor Hallucis Longus Tendoscopy and Metatarsosesamoid Arthroscopy.

Project description:Pedal penetrating nail prick injury around the first metatarsal head can result in persistent synovitis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint and tenosynovitis of the flexor hallucis longus tendon. Exploration and debridement is indicated if the condition does not improve with antibiotics. Open surgery requires extensive dorsal and plantar incisions. The purpose of this Technical Note is to report the combined arthroscopic and tendoscopic approaches to address the first metatarsophalangeal joint and flexor hallucis longus tendon pathologies. Because it is a result of a pedal injury, the layer-by-layer exploration and debridement is from plantar dorsally. It starts with zone 3 flexor hallucis longus tendoscopy, followed by arthroscopy of the metatarsosesamoid compartment, and finally arthroscopy of the metatarsophalangeal compartment.

| S-EPMC5443321 | biostudies-literature

Endoscopic Removal of Loose Bodies of the Posterior Ankle Extra-articular Space Arising From Flexor Hallucis Longus Tenosynovial Osteochondromatosis.

Project description:Loose bodies of the posterior ankle can occur either at the posterior recess of the ankle or subtalar joint or at the posterior ankle extra-articular space. Loose bodies at the extra-articular space can be a result of tenosynovial chondromatosis of the tendons of the posterior ankle, especially the flexor hallucis longus tendon. Endoscopic removal of loose bodies of the posterior ankle extra-articular space is indicated for symptomatic cases that are not improved by conservative treatment. It is contraindicated if there is active infection at the planned portal sites or the surgeon is not familiar with the technique of posterior ankle endoscopy. Systematic assessment of the different parts of the posterior ankle will minimize the risk of loose body retention.

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Does Function Determine the Structure? Changes in Flexor Hallucis Longus Muscle and the Associated Performance Related to Dance Modality: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Project description:Background and Objectives: Flexor hallucis longus pathology is one of the most common conditions of the ankle and foot in dancers, due to the high demand of dance movements performed in an extreme plantar flexion and dorsiflexion range of motion. The objectives of this study were to determine the bilateral differences between the thickness and cross-sectional area of the flexor hallucis longus muscle in dancers, to establish possible differences between dance modalities, and to analyze whether there is a correlation between ultrasonographic parameters or performance variables and the dance modality. Material and Methods: A sample of 50 (29 classical and 21 contemporary) full-time pre-professional female dancers were included in the study. The thickness and cross-sectional area of the flexor hallucis longus muscle were evaluated for both limbs using ultrasound imaging. The range of movement of the first metatarsophalangeal joint was measured using functional extension with maximal ankle plantarflexion, balance was measured in a unilateral stance with the heel raised, endurance was evaluated through a modified heel rise fatigue test, and a counter movement jump to assess the vertical jump performance was measured bilaterally. Results: There were no significant differences recorded between the dominant and non-dominant limbs for each variable, within both groups. Contemporary dancers showed a greater thickness and cross-sectional area of the flexor hallucis longus muscle than classical dancers. However, classical dancers showed an increase of balance, endurance, range of movement of the first metatarsophalangeal joint, and counter movement jump with respect to contemporary dancers. Conclusion: Bilateral symmetry was identified in all variables for both groups. The size and performance of the flexor hallucis longus muscle may be influenced by the specific nature of dance modality.

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