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Pyruvate:quinone oxidoreductase from Corynebacterium glutamicum: purification and biochemical characterization.

ABSTRACT: Pyruvate:quinone oxidoreductase catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to acetate and CO2 with a quinone as the physiological electron acceptor. So far, this enzyme activity has been found only in Escherichia coli. Using 2,6-dichloroindophenol as an artificial electron acceptor, we detected pyruvate:quinone oxidoreductase activity in cell extracts of the amino acid producer Corynebacterium glutamicum. The activity was highest (0.055 +/- 0.005 U/mg of protein) in cells grown on complex medium and about threefold lower when the cells were grown on medium containing glucose, pyruvate, or acetate as the carbon source. From wild-type C. glutamicum, the pyruvate:quinone oxidoreductase was purified about 180-fold to homogeneity in four steps and subjected to biochemical analysis. The enzyme is a flavoprotein, has a molecular mass of about 232 kDa, and consists of four identical subunits of about 62 kDa. It was activated by Triton X-100, phosphatidylglycerol, and dipalmitoyl-phosphatidylglycerol, and the substrates were pyruvate (kcat=37.8 +/- 3 s(-1); Km=30 +/- 3 mM) and 2-oxobutyrate (kcat=33.2 +/- 3 s(-1); Km=90 +/- 8 mM). Thiamine pyrophosphate (Km=1 microM) and certain divalent metal ions such as Mg2+ (Km=29 microM), Mn2+ (Km=2 microM), and Co2+ (Km=11 microM) served as cofactors. In addition to several dyes (2,6-dichloroindophenol, p-iodonitrotetrazolium violet, and nitroblue tetrazolium), menadione (Km=106 microM) was efficiently reduced by the purified pyruvate:quinone oxidoreductase, indicating that a naphthoquinone may be the physiological electron acceptor of this enzyme in C. glutamicum.

SUBMITTER: Schreiner ME

PROVIDER: S-EPMC545707 | biostudies-literature | 2005 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Pyruvate:quinone oxidoreductase from Corynebacterium glutamicum: purification and biochemical characterization.

Schreiner Mark E ME Eikmanns Bernhard J BJ

Journal of bacteriology 20050201 3

Pyruvate:quinone oxidoreductase catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to acetate and CO2 with a quinone as the physiological electron acceptor. So far, this enzyme activity has been found only in Escherichia coli. Using 2,6-dichloroindophenol as an artificial electron acceptor, we detected pyruvate:quinone oxidoreductase activity in cell extracts of the amino acid producer Corynebacterium glutamicum. The activity was highest (0.055 +/- 0.005 U/mg of protein) in cells grown on compl ...[more]

PMID: 15659664

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Project description:BackgroundGentisate (2,5-dihydroxybenzoate) is a key ring-cleavage substrate involved in various aromatic compounds degradation. Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC13032 is capable of growing on gentisate and genK was proposed to encode a transporter involved in this utilization by its disruption in the restriction-deficient mutant RES167. Its biochemical characterization by uptake assay using [(14)C]-labeled gentisate has not been previously reported.Methodology/principal findingsIn this study, biochemical characterization of GenK by uptake assays with [(14)C]-labeled substrates demonstrated that it specifically transported gentisate into the cells with V(max) and K(m) of 3.06 ± 0.16 nmol/min/mg of dry weight and 10.71 ± 0.11 µM respectively, and no activity was detected for either benzoate or 3-hydoxybenzoate. When GenK was absent in strain RES167 ΔgenK, it retained 85% of its original transport activity at pH 6.5 compared to that of strain RES167. However, it lost 79% and 88% activity at pH 7.5 and 8.0, respectively. A number of competing substrates, including 3-hydroxybenzoate, benzoate, protocatechuate and catechol, significantly inhibited gentisate uptake by more than 40%. Through site-directed mutagenesis, eight amino acid residues of GenK, Asp-54, Asp-57 and Arg-386 in the hydrophobic transmembrane regions and Arg-103, Trp-309, Asp-312, Arg-313 and Ile-317 in the hydrophilic cytoplasmic loops were shown to be important for gentisate transport. When conserved residues Asp-54 and Asp-57 respectively were changed to glutamate, both mutants retained approximately 50% activity and were able to partially complement the ability of strain RES167 ΔgenK to grow on gentisate.Conclusions/significanceOur results demonstrate that GenK is an active gentisate transporter in Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC13032. The GenK-mediated gentisate transport was also shown to be a limiting step for the gentisate utilization by this strain. This enhances our understanding of gentisate transport in the microbial degradation of aromatic compounds.

Dataset Information

Pyruvate:quinone oxidoreductase from Corynebacterium glutamicum: purification and biochemical characterization.

Publications

Pyruvate:quinone oxidoreductase from Corynebacterium glutamicum: purification and biochemical characterization.

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