Dataset Information

Abnormal Growth and Feeding Behavior Persist After Removal of Upper Airway Obstruction in Juvenile Rats.

ABSTRACT: Pediatric obstructive sleep-disordered breathing is associated with growth retardation, but also with obesity that has a tendency to persist following treatment. We investigated the effect of upper airways obstruction (AO) and of obstruction removal (OR) in juvenile rats on gut-derived ghrelin and related hypothalamic factors, feeding, and growth hormone (GH) homeostasis. Here, we show that after seven weeks of AO, animals gained less weight compared to controls, despite an increase in food intake due to elevated ghrelin and hypothalamic feeding factors. OR rats who had complete restoration of tracheal diameter, consumed more food due to increased ghrelin and exhibited growth retardation due to deregulation of GH homeostasis. This study is the first to show dysregulation of the hormonal axes controlling feeding behavior and growth that are not fully restored following OR. Thus, surgical treatment by itself may not be sufficient to prevent post-surgical increased food intake and growth retardation.

SUBMITTER: Assadi MH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5457418 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Abnormal Growth and Feeding Behavior Persist After Removal of Upper Airway Obstruction in Juvenile Rats.

Assadi Mohammad H MH Shknevsky Elena E Segev Yael Y Tarasiuk Ariel A

Scientific reports 20170602 1

Pediatric obstructive sleep-disordered breathing is associated with growth retardation, but also with obesity that has a tendency to persist following treatment. We investigated the effect of upper airways obstruction (AO) and of obstruction removal (OR) in juvenile rats on gut-derived ghrelin and related hypothalamic factors, feeding, and growth hormone (GH) homeostasis. Here, we show that after seven weeks of AO, animals gained less weight compared to controls, despite an increase in food inta ...[more]

PMID: 28577340

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Project description:The sugarcane giant borer (SGB), Telchin licus licus, is a pest that has strong economic relevance for sugarcane producers. Due to the endophytic behavior of the larva, current methods of management are inefficient. A promising biotechnological management option has been proposed based on RNA interference (RNAi), a process that uses molecules of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) to specifically knock down essential genes and reduce insect survival. The selection of suitable target genes is often supported by omic sciences. Studies have shown that genes related to feeding adaptation processes are good candidates to be targeted by RNAi for pest management. Among those genes, esterases are highlighted because of their impact on insect development. In this study, the objective was to evaluate the transcriptome responses of the SGB's gut in order to provide curated data of genes that could be used for pest management by RNAi in future studies. Further, we validated the function of an esterase-coding gene and its potential as a target for RNAi-based control. We sequenced the gut transcriptome of SGB larvae by Illumina HiSeq and evaluated its gene expression profiles in response to different diets (sugarcane stalk and artificial diet). We obtained differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in detoxification, digestion, and transport, which suggest a generalist mechanism of adaptation in SGB larvae. Among the DEGs, was identified and characterized a candidate juvenile hormone esterase gene (Tljhe). We knocked down the Tljhe gene by oral delivery of dsRNA molecules and evaluated gene expression in the gut. The survival and nutritional parameters of the larvae were measured along the developmental cycle of treated insects. We found that the gene Tljhe acts as a regulator of feeding behavior. The knockdown of Tljhe triggered a forced starvation state in late larval instars that significantly reduced the fitness of the larvae. However, the mechanism of action of this gene remains unclear, and the correlation between the expression of Tljhe and the levels of juvenile hormone (JH) metabolites in the hemolymph of the SGB must be assessed in future research.

Dataset Information

Abnormal Growth and Feeding Behavior Persist After Removal of Upper Airway Obstruction in Juvenile Rats.

Publications

Abnormal Growth and Feeding Behavior Persist After Removal of Upper Airway Obstruction in Juvenile Rats.

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