Dataset Information

Combined Deletion of the Vitamin D Receptor and Calcium-Sensing Receptor Delays Wound Re-epithelialization.

ABSTRACT: When the skin is injured, keratinocytes proliferate, migrate, and differentiate to regenerate the epidermis. We recently showed that ablation of the vitamin D receptor (Vdr) in keratinocytes delays wound re-epithelialization in mice also fed a low-calcium diet, implicating a cooperative role of Vdr and calcium signaling in this process. In this study, we examined the role of vitamin D and calcium signaling in wound healing by deleting their receptors, Vdr and the calcium-sensing receptor (Casr). Gene expression profiling of neonatal epidermis lacking both Vdr and Casr [Vdr and Casr double knockout (DKO)] specifically in keratinocytes revealed that DKO affects a number of pathways relevant to wound healing, including Vdr, ?-catenin, and adherens junction (AJ) signaling. In adult skin, DKO caused a significant delay in wound closure and re-epithelialization, whereas myofibroblast numbers and matrix deposition were unaffected. The injury-induced proliferation of epidermal keratinocytes was blunted in both epidermis and hair follicles, and expression of ?-catenin target genes was reduced in the DKO. Expression of E-cadherin and desmoglein 1 was reduced in the shortened leading edges of the epithelial tongues re-epithelializing the wounds, consistent with the decreased migration rate of DKO keratinocytes in vitro. These results demonstrate that Vdr and Casr are required for ?-catenin-regulated cell proliferation and AJ formation essential for re-epithelialization after wounding. We conclude that vitamin D and calcium signaling in keratinocytes are required for a normal regenerative response of the skin to wounding.

SUBMITTER: Oda Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5460927 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Combined Deletion of the Vitamin D Receptor and Calcium-Sensing Receptor Delays Wound Re-epithelialization.

Oda Yuko Y Hu Lizhi L Nguyen Thai T Fong Chak C Tu Chia-Ling CL Bikle Daniel D DD

Endocrinology 20170601 6

When the skin is injured, keratinocytes proliferate, migrate, and differentiate to regenerate the epidermis. We recently showed that ablation of the vitamin D receptor (Vdr) in keratinocytes delays wound re-epithelialization in mice also fed a low-calcium diet, implicating a cooperative role of Vdr and calcium signaling in this process. In this study, we examined the role of vitamin D and calcium signaling in wound healing by deleting their receptors, Vdr and the calcium-sensing receptor (Casr). ...[more]

PMID: 28368538

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Project description:PURPOSE: There are no selective antagonists for the metabotropic nucleotide P2Y(2) receptor subtype. This implies that it is not possible to demonstrate the importance of such a receptor in the relevant process of corneal wound healing. Therefore, we have cloned and designed a small interference RNA (siRNA) against the rabbit P2Y(2) receptor (P2Y(2)-R) mRNA, which clearly demonstrates the importance of this receptor in the process of wound healing triggered by nucleotides and dinucleotides both in vitro and in vivo. METHODS: Rabbit P2Y(2)-R cDNA was cloned using a combination of degenerate reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). To test the efficacy of synthesized siRNAs targeting P2Y(2)-R, immunocytochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) assays were performed. Migration assays were performed both in vitro and in vivo by wounding the epithelium with a pipette tip and n-heptanol, respectively. These wounds were performed 72 h after siRNA transfection either in the presence or the absence of the P2Y(2) agonist, 100 muM Ap(4)A (diadenosine tetraphosphate). RESULTS: The cloned receptor presents 93% homology compared to the human gene. Two siRNAs were designed and synthesized against a rabbit P2Y(2)-R sequence. After transfection (in vitro assays) or topical instillation (in vivo assays), we demonstrated P2Y(2)-R siRNA efficient transfection/delivery and its efficient gene silencing. Clear reduction of P2Y(2)-R expression was observed at both the mRNA and protein levels in corneas treated with siRNA. In vitro and in vivo migration analysis showed that the silencing process has concomitantly reduced the ability of corneal cells to close the wounds in the presence of the Ap(4)A. In addition, both synthesized siRNAs exert a delay effect on the Ap(4)A-induced migration rate in vitro. These results suggest the absence of non-specific (off-target) effects by our siRNA. CONCLUSIONS: The application of P2Y(2)-R siRNA has demonstrated the role of this receptor in the accelerating effect of diadenosine tetraphosphate (Ap(4)A) on the corneal wound healing process.

Dataset Information

Combined Deletion of the Vitamin D Receptor and Calcium-Sensing Receptor Delays Wound Re-epithelialization.

Publications

Combined Deletion of the Vitamin D Receptor and Calcium-Sensing Receptor Delays Wound Re-epithelialization.

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