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Speckle Tracking Stress Echocardiography Uncovers Early Subclinical Cardiac Involvement in Pediatric Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.

ABSTRACT: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an established risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, whether cardiac consequences present early in IBD is unknown. This is the first study in children aiming to unmask altered myocardial mechanics in IBD. We enrolled 50 consecutive normotensive children with Crohn's disease (CD) (n?=?28) or ulcerative colitis (UC) (n?=?22). The study groups consisted of 18 patients with active inflammatory disease (mean age 14.6?±?2.5 years) and 32 children with IBD in remission (14.3?±?2.3 years). 60 age- and gender-matched children served as healthy controls. Speckle tracking stress echocardiography (STE) was used to assess left ventricular (LV) myocardial strain and strain rate. Circumferential strain rate was significantly decreased in children with active IBD (-1.55?±?0.26?s^-1) and IBD in remission (-1.49?±?0.26?s^-1) versus healthy controls (1.8?±?0.4?s^-1) both at rest (p?

SUBMITTER: Hensel KO

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5462781 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Speckle Tracking Stress Echocardiography Uncovers Early Subclinical Cardiac Involvement in Pediatric Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.

Hensel Kai O KO Abellan Schneyder Francisca E FE Wilke Lucia L Heusch Andreas A Wirth Stefan S Jenke Andreas C AC

Scientific reports 20170607 1

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an established risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, whether cardiac consequences present early in IBD is unknown. This is the first study in children aiming to unmask altered myocardial mechanics in IBD. We enrolled 50 consecutive normotensive children with Crohn's disease (CD) (n = 28) or ulcerative colitis (UC) (n = 22). The study groups consisted of 18 patients with active inflammatory disease (mean age 14.6 ± 2.5 years) and 32 children wi ...[more]

PMID: 28592829

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs) are a group of rare inherited metabolic disorders that can damage various organs, including the heart. Cardiac abnormalities have been observed in patients with all MPS types, with the most documented abnormalities being cardiac valvular regurgitation and stenosis, valvular thickening, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. METHODS:Cardiac features of 53 Taiwanese patients with MPS (31 men and 22 women; age range 1.1-34.9 years; seven with MPS I, 16 with MPS II, nine with MPS III, 14 with MPS IVA, and seven with MPS VI) were evaluated using two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography and conventional echocardiography. RESULTS:The mean z scores of the global longitudinal strain (GLS), left ventricular mass index (LVMI), interventricular septum diameter in diastole (IVSd), left ventricular posterior wall diameter in diastole (LVPWd), and aortic diameter of the 53 patients with MPS were 1.71, 0.35, 1.66, 1.03, and 3.15, respectively. Furthermore, z scores >2 were identified in 45%, 13%, 40%, 13%, and 70% of the GLS, LVMI, IVSd, LVPWd, and aortic diameter, respectively. The most severe GLS was observed in those with MPS VI, followed by in those with MPS II and MPS I. The GLS z score was positively correlated with the LVMI z score (p < 0.01). Moreover, diastolic dysfunction (reversed ratio between early and late (atrial) ventricular filling velocity (E/A ratio < 1)) was identified in 12 patients (23%). Ejection and shortening fractions were abnormal in four (8%) and seven (13%) patients, respectively. Mitral regurgitation (MR) (92%) was the most common valvular heart disease, followed by aortic regurgitation (AR) (57%), mitral stenosis (MS) (21%), and aortic stenosis (AS) (15%). The z scores of the GLS and LVMI and severity scores of the MS, MR, AS, and AR were all positively correlated with increasing age (p < 0.05). Twenty patients (38%) had a left ventricular remodeling pattern. CONCLUSIONS:The most significant left ventricular myocardial deformation, hypertrophy and valvular heart disease were observed in the patients with MPS VI, II, and I, followed by those with MPS IV; in contrast, patients with MPS III had the mildest manifestations. Cardiac abnormalities in patients with MPS worsened with increasing age in accordance with the progressive nature of this disease.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Breast cancer (BC) radiotherapy (RT) can induce cardiotoxicity, with adverse events often observed many years after BC RT. Subclinical left ventricular (LV) dysfunction can be detected early after BC RT with global longitudinal strain (GLS) measurement based on 2D speckle-tracking echocardiography. This 6-month follow-up analysis from the BACCARAT prospective study aimed to investigate the association between cardiac radiation doses and subclinical LV dysfunction based on GLS reduction. METHODS:The patient study group consisted of 79?BC patients (64 left-sided BC, 15 right-sided BC) treated with RT without chemotherapy. Echocardiographic parameters, including GLS, were measured before RT and 6?months post-RT. The association between subclinical LV dysfunction, defined as GLS reduction >?10%, and radiation doses to whole heart and the LV were performed based on logistic regressions. Non-radiation factors associated with subclinical LV dysfunction including age, BMI, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and endocrine therapy were considered for multivariate analyses. RESULTS:A mean decrease of 6% in GLS was observed (-?15.1%?±?3.2% at 6?months vs. -?16.1%?±?2.7% before RT, p?=?0.01). For left-sided patients, mean heart and LV doses were 3.1?±?1.3?Gy and 6.7?±?3.4?Gy respectively. For right-sided patients, mean heart dose was 0.7?±?0.5?Gy and median LV dose was 0.1?Gy. Associations between GLS reduction >?10% (37 patients) and mean doses to the heart and the LV as well as the V20 were observed in univariate analysis (Odds Ratio?=?1.37[1.01-1.86], p?=?0.04 for Dmean Heart; OR?=?1.14 [1.01-1.28], p?=?0.03 for Dmean LV; OR?=?1.08 [1.01-1.14], p?=?0.02 for LV V20). In multivariate analysis, these associations did not remain significant after adjustment for non-radiation factors. Further exploratory analysis allowed identifying a subgroup of patients (LV V20?>?15%) for whom a significant association with subclinical LV dysfunction was found (adjusted OR?=?3.97 [1.01-15.70], p?=?0.048). CONCLUSIONS:This analysis indicated that subclinical LV dysfunction defined as a GLS decrease >?10% is associated with cardiac doses, but adjustment for non-radiation factors such as endocrine therapy lead to no longer statistically significant relationships. However, LV dosimetry may be promising to identify high-risk subpopulations. Larger and longer follow-up studies are required to further investigate these associations. TRIAL REGISTRATION:ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02605512, Registered 6 November 2015 - Retrospectively registered.

Project description:BackgroundDiabetic cardiomyopathy results in cardiac structural and functional abnormalities. Previous studies have demonstrated that inhibiting the RhoA/ROCK signalling pathway increases the injury resistance of cardiomyocytes. The early detection of cardiac structural and functional alterations may facilitate an improved understanding of the pathophysiologic progress and guide therapy. This study aimed to identify the optimal diagnostic measures for the subtle early alterations of cardiac dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats.MethodsTwenty-four rat models were divided into four groups and received treatments for 4 weeks: the CON group (control rats), the DM group (T2DM rats), the DMF group (T2DM rats receiving fasudil) and the CONF group (control rats receiving fasudil) group. Left ventricular (LV) structure was quantified by histological staining and transmission electron microscopy. LV function and myocardial deformation were assessed by high-frequency echocardiography.ResultsTreatment with fasudil, a ROCK inhibitor, significantly protected against diabetes-induced myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis and mitochondrial dysfunction. Impaired LV performance was found in T2DM rats, as evidenced by significant reductions in the ejection fraction (EF), fractional shortening (FS) and the mitral valve (MV) E/A ratio (which decreased 26%, 34% and 20%, respectively). Fasudil failed to improve the conventional ultrasonic parameters in T2DM rats, but the myocardial deformation measured by speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) were significantly improved (global circumferential strain, GCS: P = 0.003; GCS rate, GCSR: P = 0.021). When receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used in combination with linear regression analysis, STE parameters were found to be characterized by both optimal prediction of cardiac damage [AUC (95% CI): fractional area change, FAC: 0.927 (0.744, 0.993); GCS: 0.819 (0.610, 0.945); GCSR: 0.899 (0.707, 0.984)] and stronger correlations with cardiac fibrosis (FAC: r = -0.825; GCS: r = 0.772; GCSR: r = 0.829) than conventional parameters.ConclusionThe results suggest that STE parameters are more sensitive and specific than conventional parameters in predicting the subtle cardiac functional changes that occur in the early stage, providing new insight into the management of diabetic cardiomyopathy.

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Speckle Tracking Stress Echocardiography Uncovers Early Subclinical Cardiac Involvement in Pediatric Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.

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Speckle Tracking Stress Echocardiography Uncovers Early Subclinical Cardiac Involvement in Pediatric Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.

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