Dataset Information

MATI, a Novel Protein Involved in the Regulation of Herbivore-Associated Signaling Pathways.

ABSTRACT: The defense response of the plants against herbivores relies on a complex network of interconnected signaling pathways. In this work, we characterized a new key player in the response of Arabidopsis against the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae, the MATI (Mite Attack Triggered Immunity) gene. This gene was differentially induced in resistant Bla-2 strain relative to susceptible Kon Arabidopsis accessions after mite attack, suggesting a potential role in the control of spider mites. To study the MATI gene function, it has been performed a deep molecular characterization of the gene combined with feeding bioassays using modified Arabidopsis lines and phytophagous arthropods. The MATI gene belongs to a new gene family that had not been previously characterized. Biotic assays showed that it confers a high tolerance not only to T. urticae, but also to the chewing lepidopteran Spodoptera exigua. Biochemical analyses suggest that MATI encodes a protein involved in the accumulation of reducing agents upon herbivore attack to control plant redox homeostasis avoiding oxidative damage and cell death. Besides, molecular analyses demonstrated that MATI is involved in the modulation of different hormonal signaling pathways, affecting the expression of genes involved in biosynthesis and signaling of the jasmonic acid and salicylic acid hormones. The fact that MATI is also involved in defense through the modulation of the levels of photosynthetic pigments highlights the potential of MATI proteins to be exploited as biotechnological tools for pest control.

SUBMITTER: Santamaria ME

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5466143 | biostudies-literature | 2017

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

MATI, a Novel Protein Involved in the Regulation of Herbivore-Associated Signaling Pathways.

Santamaría M Estrella ME Martinez Manuel M Arnaiz Ana A Ortego Félix F Grbic Vojislava V Diaz Isabel I

Frontiers in plant science 20170609

The defense response of the plants against herbivores relies on a complex network of interconnected signaling pathways. In this work, we characterized a new key player in the response of Arabidopsis against the two-spotted spider mite <i>Tetranychus urticae</i>, the <i>MATI</i> (Mite Attack Triggered Immunity) gene. This gene was differentially induced in resistant Bla-2 strain relative to susceptible Kon Arabidopsis accessions after mite attack, suggesting a potential role in the control of spi ...[more]

PMID: 28649257

Similar Datasets

Project description:Full title: Eccentric exercise activates novel transcriptional regulation of hypertrophic signaling pathways not affected by hormone changes. Unaccustomed eccentric exercise damages muscle tissue stimulating mechanisms of recovery and remodeling that may be affected by cellular protection by the sex hormone 17β-estradiol (E2). Using cDNA microarrays, we screened for differences in mRNA expression caused by E2 and eccentric exercise. After randomly assignment to 8 days of either placebo (CON) or E2 (EXP), eighteen men performed 150 single-leg eccentric contractions. Muscle biopsies were collected at baseline (BL), following supplementation (PS), +3 hours (3H) and +48 hours (48H) after exercise. Serum E2 concentrations increased significantly with supplementation (P < 0.001) but did not affect microarray results. Exercise led to early transcriptional changes in striated muscle activator of Rho signaling (STARS), Rho family GTPase 3 (RND3), mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) regulation and the downstream transcription factor FOS. Targeted RT-PCR analysis identified concurrent induction of negative regulators of calcineurin signaling RCAN (P < 0.001) and HMOX1 (P = 0.009). Protein contents were elevated for RND3 at 3H (P = 0.02) and FOS at 48H (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that early RhoA and NFAT signaling and regulation are altered following exercise for muscle remodeling and repair, but are not affected by E2. Eighteen young healthy men volunteered as participants in this study. All subjects were pre-screened to ensure that they were healthy, fit and had not regularly participated in resistance exercise in the preceding 6 months. Body composition was measured using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans (Hologic QDR 1000W, Waltham, MA). Thigh muscle cross-sectional area was calculated using anthropomorphic measurements of mid-thigh circumference and skinfold thickness. The subject demographics were (mean ± SD): age, 21 ± 2 y; height, 181 ± 5 cm; weight, 76.9 ± 12.8 kg. Subjects were assigned in a randomized, double-blind manner to either a control (CON, N=9) or experimental (EXP, N=9) group. CON subjects consumed 400 mg glucose polymer (Polycose; Abbott Laboratories, Ross Division, St. Laurent, Quebec, Canada) for 10 days. EXP subjects consumed ~300 mg glucose with 1 mg E2 (Estrace; Shire BioChem, Inc., St. Laurent, Quebec, Canada) for 2 days followed by 2 mg E2 for 8 days. On the morning of the ninth day, subjects reported to the laboratory and performed the exercise protocol. Supplementation continued until the day of the final biopsy and blood collection to maintain serum E2 concentrations throughout the collection protocol. Subjects in both groups were instructed to take one pill at the same time each day and return any unused pills. On the testing day, following a short warm-up (10 min of light cycling), subjects were seated in a Biodex isokinetic dynamometer (System 3, Biodex Medical Systems Inc., Ronkonkoma, NY) with their right leg strapped to a lever arm. The lever arm was programmed to extend their leg to 150º of flexion (where 180º is full extension) at a moderate speed (30º/s), then flex their leg to 90°of flexion at a faster speed (120°/s). During the flexion phase, subjects were instructed to attempt to maximally resist flexion of the knee (i.e. voluntary ‘maximal’ contraction) against the descending lever arm throughout the entire range of motion. The complete test consisted of 15 sets of 10 repetitions, each set separated by 1 minute of rest. Prior to each tissue collection, subjects abstained from any other form of physical exertion (within 72 h), avoided alcohol (within 48 h), ate their habitual diet (within 48 h), and abstained from caffeine (within 12 h). Each subject consumed a 350 Kcal defined formula diet (57% carbohydrates, 15% protein and 28% fat) two hours before each muscle biopsy and did not eat again until after the final biopsy of each session was taken. Muscle biopsies were taken from the vastus lateralis of the control (left) leg during the familiarization session (baseline, BL) and after 8 days of supplementation (post supplementation, PS) and the exercised (right) leg 3 hours (3H) and 48 hours (48H) after exercise, in anatomically distinct sites approximately 6 cm apart. Blood was drawn from the antecubital vein at the same collection times. Muscle and blood samples were processed and stored for future measurements.

Project description:Channelopsins and photo-regulated ion channels make it possible to use light to control electrical activity of cells. This powerful approach has lead to a veritable explosion of applications, though it is limited to changing membrane voltage of the target cells. An enormous potential could be tapped if similar opto-genetic techniques could be extended to the control of chemical signaling pathways. Photopigments from invertebrate photoreceptors are an obvious choice-as they do not bleach upon illumination -however, their functional expression has been problematic. We exploited an unusual opsin, pScop2, recently identified in ciliary photoreceptors of scallop. Phylogenetically, it is closer to vertebrate opsins, and offers the advantage of being a bi-stable photopigment. We inserted its coding sequence and a fluorescent protein reporter into plasmid vectors and demonstrated heterologous expression in various mammalian cell lines. HEK 293 cells were selected as a heterologous system for functional analysis, because wild type cells displayed the largest currents in response to the G-protein activator, GTP-γ-S. A line of HEK cells stably transfected with pScop2 was generated; after reconstitution of the photopigment with retinal, light responses were obtained in some cells, albeit of modest amplitude. In native photoreceptors pScop2 couples to Go; HEK cells express poorly this G-protein, but have a prominent Gq/PLC pathway linked to internal Ca mobilization. To enhance pScop2 competence to tap into this pathway, we swapped its third intracellular loop-important to confer specificity of interaction between 7TMDRs and G-proteins-with that of a Gq-linked opsin which we cloned from microvillar photoreceptors present in the same retina. The chimeric construct was evaluated by a Ca fluorescence assay, and was shown to mediate a robust mobilization of internal calcium in response to illumination. The results project pScop2 as a potentially powerful optogenetic tool to control signaling pathways.

Dataset Information

MATI, a Novel Protein Involved in the Regulation of Herbivore-Associated Signaling Pathways.

Publications

MATI, a Novel Protein Involved in the Regulation of Herbivore-Associated Signaling Pathways.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets