Dataset Information

Comparative efficacy analysis of anti-microbial peptides, LL-37 and indolicidin upon conjugation with CNT, in human monocytes.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have the potential to serve as an alternative to antibiotic. AMPs usually exert bactericidal activity via direct killing of microbial pathogens. Reports have proposed that by harnessing innate immune activation, AMPs can regulate pathogen invasion and may control infection. It has been reported that AMPs could be utilized to activate the innate mucosal immune response in order to eliminate pathogenic infections. This way of controlling pathogen infection, by activating host immunity, confers the potential to the select AMPs to alleviate the problem of antibiotic resistance. Among various AMPs tested LL-37 and indolicidin, showed promise to be potential candidates for eliciting enhanced host innate immune responses. LL-37 and indolicidin had exhibited substantial innate immune activation in both human and murine macrophages. Dosage for each of the AMPs, however, was high with adverse side effects.

Results

In this study, we reported that upon conjugation with carbon nanotubes (CNT), each AMP remained biologically functional at a concentration that was 1000-fold less than the dosage required for free AMP to remain active in the cells.

Conclusions

Current study also revealed that while indolicidin induced signalling events mediated through the TNFRSF1A pathway in THP1 cells, followed by activation of NF?B and c-JUN pathways, treatment of cells with LL-37 induced signalling events by activating IL1R, with subsequent activation of NF?B and NFAT2. Thp1 cells, primed with CNT conjugated LL-37 or indolicidin, are protected against Salmonella typhimurium infection at 16 h post challenge.

SUBMITTER: Pradhan B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5469186 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Comparative efficacy analysis of anti-microbial peptides, LL-37 and indolicidin upon conjugation with CNT, in human monocytes.

Pradhan Biswaranjan B Guha Dipanjan D Murmu Krushna Chandra KC Sur Abhinav A Ray Pratikshya P Das Debashmita D Aich Palok P

Journal of nanobiotechnology 20170612 1

<h4>Background</h4>Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have the potential to serve as an alternative to antibiotic. AMPs usually exert bactericidal activity via direct killing of microbial pathogens. Reports have proposed that by harnessing innate immune activation, AMPs can regulate pathogen invasion and may control infection. It has been reported that AMPs could be utilized to activate the innate mucosal immune response in order to eliminate pathogenic infections. This way of controlling pathogen in ...[more]

PMID: 28606090

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Project description:BackgroundBone generation and maintenance involve osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes which originate from unique precursors and rely on key growth factors for differentiation. However, an incomplete understanding of bone forming cells during wound healing has led to an unfilled clinical need such as nonunion of bone fractures. Since circulating monocytes are often recruited to sites of injury and may differentiate into various cell types including osteoclasts, we investigated the possibility that circulating monocytes in the context of tissue injury may also contribute to bone repair. In particular, we hypothesized that LL-37 (produced from hCAP-18, cathelicidin), which recruits circulating monocytes during injury, may play a role in bone repair.Methods and findingsTreatment of monocytes from blood with LL-37 for 6 days resulted in their differentiation to large adherent cells. Growth of LL-37-differentiated monocytes on osteologic discs reveals bone-like nodule formation by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In vivo transplantation studies in NOD/SCID mice show that LL-37-differentiated monocytes form bone-like structures similar to endochondral bone formation. Importantly, LL-37-differentiated monocytes are distinct from conventional monocyte-derived osteoclasts, macrophages, and dendritic cells and do not express markers of the mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) lineage, distinguishing them from the conventional precursors of osteoblasts. Furthermore, LL-37 differentiated monocytes express intracellular proteins of both the osteoblast and osteoclast lineage including osteocalcin (OC), osteonectin (ON), bone sialoprotein II (BSP II), osteopontin (OP), RANK, RANKL, MMP-9, tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), and cathepsin K (CK).ConclusionBlood derived monocytes treated with LL-37 can be differentiated into a novel bone forming cell that functions both in vitro and in vivo. We propose the name monoosteophil to indicate their monocyte derived lineage and their bone forming phenotype. These cells may have wide ranging implications in the clinic including repair of broken bones and treatment of osteoporosis.

Dataset Information

Comparative efficacy analysis of anti-microbial peptides, LL-37 and indolicidin upon conjugation with CNT, in human monocytes.

Background

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Comparative efficacy analysis of anti-microbial peptides, LL-37 and indolicidin upon conjugation with CNT, in human monocytes.

Similar Datasets

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