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Scope of practice and outcomes of cerebrovascular procedures in children.

ABSTRACT: The impact of scope of practice of providers (predominantly adult versus predominantly pediatric) on the outcomes of cerebrovascular procedures in children remains an issue of debate. We investigated the association of scope of practice with the outcomes of cerebrovascular interventions.We performed a cohort study of all pediatric patients (younger than 18 years old) who underwent cerebrovascular procedures from 2009 to 2013 and were registered in the Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System (SPARCS) database. In order to control for confounding, we used propensity score conditioning and mixed effects analysis to account for clustering at the hospital level.During the study period, there were 1243 pediatric patients who underwent cerebrovascular procedures and met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 631 (50.7 %) underwent treatment by providers with predominantly adult practices and 612 (49.3 %) by physicians who operated predominantly on children. The mixed-effects multivariable regression analysis demonstrated lack of association of predominantly adult practice with inpatient mortality (OR, 1.20; 95 % CI, 0.61-2.38), discharge to a facility (OR, 1.50; 95 % CI, 0.73-3.09), and length of stay (LOS) (adjusted difference, 0.003; 95 % CI, -0.09 to 0.10). These associations persisted in propensity-adjusted models.In a cohort of pediatric patients undergoing cerebrovascular procedures from a comprehensive all-payer database, we did not demonstrate a difference in mortality, discharge to a facility, and LOS between providers with predominantly adult and predominantly pediatric practices.

SUBMITTER: Bekelis K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5469360 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Scope of practice and outcomes of cerebrovascular procedures in children.

Bekelis Kimon K Missios Symeon S Coy Shannon S MacKenzie Todd A TA

Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery 20160519 11

<h4>Purpose</h4>The impact of scope of practice of providers (predominantly adult versus predominantly pediatric) on the outcomes of cerebrovascular procedures in children remains an issue of debate. We investigated the association of scope of practice with the outcomes of cerebrovascular interventions.<h4>Methods</h4>We performed a cohort study of all pediatric patients (younger than 18 years old) who underwent cerebrovascular procedures from 2009 to 2013 and were registered in the Statewide Pl ...[more]

PMID: 27193128

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Project description:The Standardizing Care to Improve Outcomes in Pediatric ESRD Collaborative is a quality improvement initiative that aims to reduce peritoneal dialysis-associated infections in pediatric patients on chronic peritoneal dialysis. Our objectives were to determine whether provider compliance with peritoneal dialysis catheter care bundles was associated with lower risk for infection at the individual patient level and describe the epidemiology, risk factors, and outcomes for peritonitis in the Standardizing Care to Improve Outcomes in Pediatric ESRD Collaborative.We collected peritoneal dialysis characteristics, causative organisms, compliance with care bundles, and outcomes in children with peritonitis between October of 2011 and September of 2014. Chi-squared tests, t tests, and generalized linear mixed models were used to assess risk factors for peritonitis.Of 734 children enrolled (54% boys; median age =9 years old; interquartile range, 1-15) from 29 centers, 391 peritonitis episodes occurred among 245 individuals over 10,130 catheter-months. The aggregate annualized peritonitis rate was 0.46 episodes per patient-year. Rates were highest among children ?2 years old (0.62 episodes per patient-year). Gram-positive peritonitis predominated (37.8%) followed by culture-negative (24.7%), gram-negative (19.5%), and polymicrobial (10.3%) infections; fungal only peritonitis accounted for 7.7% of episodes. Compliance with the follow-up bundle was associated with a lower rate of peritonitis (rate ratio, 0.49; 95% confidence interval, 0.30 to 0.80) in the multivariable model. Upward orientation of the catheter exit site (rate ratio, 4.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.49 to 11.89) and touch contamination (rate ratio, 2.22; 95% confidence interval, 1.44 to 3.34) were also associated with a higher risk of peritonitis. Infection outcomes included resolution with antimicrobial treatment alone in 76.6%, permanent catheter removal in 12.2%, and catheter removal with return to peritoneal dialysis in 6% of episodes.Lower compliance with standardized practices for follow-up peritoneal dialysis catheter care in the Standardizing Care to Improve Outcomes in Pediatric ESRD Collaborative was associated with higher risk of peritonitis. Quality improvement and prevention strategies have the potential to reduce peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis.

Project description:Monitoring current trends in pediatric otolaryngology will help adjust our training and practice paradigms in a way that ensures the long-term viability of the specialty.To gauge the current scope of pediatric otolaryngology (ORL) practice within and outside of the United States and to identify changes in caseload over the past decade.An online survey was sent to pediatric ORL chairs and/or fellowship directors at 42 institutions in the United States and abroad. For 59 procedures, respondents were asked to estimate the percentage of cases performed by their department, determine whether this percentage has changed over the past 10 years (2006-2016), and identify any other specialties performing the procedure. Data were collected during a 2-week period in October 2016, from October 7 through 21, and analyzed from November 2016 through February 2017.Main outcomes included the percentage of operations currently performed by the respondent's department for each procedure; whether this percentage has decreased, increased, or remained the same over the past decade; other specialties that perform each procedure; and any procedures added to or eliminated from the respondent's practice over the past decade.Respondents from 33 of the 42 academic institutions completed the survey (23 in the United States and 10 international; 79% response rate). Respondents reported the least involvement in procedures pertaining to facial plastic and reconstructive surgery, aerodigestive endoscopy, and congenital anomalies. Conversely, a mean (SD) of 91% (7%) reported performing 90% to 100% of otology, airway, rhinology, and general procedures. A mean (SD) of 82% (11%) reported that their department's involvement in each procedure has remained the same from 2006 to 2016.The specialty of pediatric ORL has evolved over the past decade. There has been a notable decline in involvement in facial plastic and reconstructive surgery and treatment of vascular malformations and esophageal disorders. The management of thyroid disease is in flux. Monitoring current trends to adjust training and practice paradigms will ensure the long-term viability of the specialty.

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Scope of practice and outcomes of cerebrovascular procedures in children.

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Scope of practice and outcomes of cerebrovascular procedures in children.

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