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Differential iridoid production as revealed by a diversity panel of 84 cultivated and wild blueberry species.

ABSTRACT: Cultivated blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum, Vaccinium angustifolium, Vaccinium darrowii, and Vaccinium virgatum) is an economically important fruit crop native to North America and a member of the Ericaceae family. Several species in the Ericaceae family including cranberry, lignonberry, bilberry, and neotropical blueberry species have been shown to produce iridoids, a class of pharmacologically important compounds present in over 15 plant families demonstrated to have a wide range of biological activities in humans including anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, and anti-inflammatory. While the antioxidant capacity of cultivated blueberry has been well studied, surveys of iridoid production in blueberry have been restricted to fruit of a very limited number of accessions of V. corymbosum, V. angustifolium and V. virgatum; none of these analyses have detected iridoids. To provide a broader survey of iridoid biosynthesis in cultivated blueberry, we constructed a panel of 84 accessions representing a wide range of cultivated market classes, as well as wild blueberry species, and surveyed these for the presence of iridoids. We identified the iridoid glycoside monotropein in fruits and leaves of all 13 wild Vaccinium species, yet only five of the 71 cultivars. Monotropein positive cultivars all had recent introgressions from wild species, suggesting that iridoid production can be targeted through breeding efforts that incorporate wild germplasm. A series of diverse developmental tissues was also surveyed in the diversity panel, demonstrating a wide range in iridoid content across tissues. Taken together, this data provides the foundation to dissect the molecular and genetic basis of iridoid production in blueberry.

SUBMITTER: Leisner CP

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5469490 | biostudies-literature | 2017

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Differential iridoid production as revealed by a diversity panel of 84 cultivated and wild blueberry species.

Leisner Courtney P CP Kamileen Mohamed O MO Conway Megan E ME O'Connor Sarah E SE Buell C Robin CR

PloS one 20170613 6

Cultivated blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum, Vaccinium angustifolium, Vaccinium darrowii, and Vaccinium virgatum) is an economically important fruit crop native to North America and a member of the Ericaceae family. Several species in the Ericaceae family including cranberry, lignonberry, bilberry, and neotropical blueberry species have been shown to produce iridoids, a class of pharmacologically important compounds present in over 15 plant families demonstrated to have a wide range of biological ...[more]

PMID: 28609455

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Project description:BackgroundBlueberries (Vaccinium section Cyanococcus) are an economically important fruit crop in the United States. Understanding genetic structure and relationships in blueberries is essential to advance the genetic improvement of horticulturally important traits. In the present study, we investigated the genomic and evolutionary relationships in 195 blueberry accessions from five species (comprising 33 V. corymbosum, 14 V. boreale, 81 V. darrowii, 29 V. myrsinites, and 38 V. tenellum) using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) mined from genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) data.ResultsGBS generated ~ 751 million raw reads, of which 79.7% were mapped to the reference genome V. corymbosum cv. Draper v1.0. After filtering (read depth > 3, minor allele frequency > 0.05, and call rate > 0.9), 60,518 SNPs were identified and used in further analyses. The 195 blueberry accessions formed three major clusters on the principal component (PC) analysis plot, in which the first two PCs accounted for 29.2% of the total genetic variance. Nucleotide diversity (π) was highest for V. tenellum and V. boreale (0.023 each), and lowest for V. darrowii (0.012). Using TreeMix analysis, we identified four migration events and deciphered gene flow among the selected species. In addition, we detected a strong V. boreale lineage in cultivated blueberry species. Pairwise SweeD analysis identified a wide sweep (encompassing 32 genes) as a strong signature of domestication on the scaffold VaccDscaff 12. From this region, five genes encoded topoisomerases, six genes encoded CAP-gly domain linker (which regulates the dynamics of the microtubule cytoskeleton), and three genes coded for GSL8 (involved in the synthesis of the cell wall component callose). One of the genes, augustus_masked-VaccDscaff12-processed-gene-172.10, is a homolog of Arabidopsis AT2G25010 and encodes the protein MAINTENANCE OF MERISTEMS-like involved in root and shoot growth. Additional genomic stratification by admixture analysis identified genetic lineages and species boundaries in blueberry accessions. The results from this study indicate that V. boreale is a genetically distant outgroup, while V. darrowii, V. myrsinites, and V. tenellum are closely related.ConclusionOur study provides new insights into the evolution and genetic architecture of cultivated blueberries.

Project description:BackgroundStomata in rice control a number of physiological processes by regulating gas and water exchange between the atmosphere and plant tissues. The impact of the structural diversity of these micropores on its conductance level is an important area to explore before introducing stomatal traits into any breeding program in order to increase photosynthesis and crop yield. Therefore, an intensive measurement of structural components of stomatal complex (SC) of twenty three Oryza species spanning the primary, secondary and tertiary gene pools of rice has been conducted.ResultsExtensive diversity was found in stomatal number and size in different Oryza species and Oryza complexes. Interestingly, the dynamics of stomatal traits in Oryza family varies differently within different Oryza genetic complexes. Example, the Sativa complex exhibits the greatest diversity in stomatal number, while the Officinalis complex is more diverse for its stomatal size. Combining the structural information with the Oryza phylogeny revealed that speciation has tended towards increasing stomatal density rather than stomatal size in rice family. Thus, the most recent species (i.e. the domesticated rice) eventually has developed smaller yet numerous stomata. Along with this, speciation has also resulted in a steady increase in stomatal conductance (anatomical, gmax) in different Oryza species. These two results unambiguously prove that increasing stomatal number (which results in stomatal size reduction) has increased the stomatal conductance in rice. Correlations of structural traits with the anatomical conductance, leaf carbon isotope discrimination (∆13C) and major leaf morphological and anatomical traits provide strong supports to untangle the ever mysterious dependencies of these traits in rice. The result displayed an expected negative correlation in the number and size of stomata; and positive correlations among the stomatal length, width and area with guard cell length, width on both abaxial and adaxial leaf surfaces. In addition, gmax is found to be positively correlated with stomatal number and guard cell length. The ∆13C values of rice species showed a positive correlation with stomatal number, which suggest an increased water loss with increased stomatal number. Interestingly, in contrast, the ∆13C consistently shows a negative relationship with stomatal and guard cell size, which suggests that the water loss is less when the stomata are larger. Therefore, we hypothesize that increasing stomatal size, instead of numbers, is a better approach for breeding programs in order to minimize the water loss through stomata in rice.ConclusionCurrent paper generates useful data on stomatal profile of wild rice that is hitherto unknown for the rice science community. It has been proved here that the speciation has resulted in an increased stomatal number accompanied by size reduction during Oryza's evolutionary course; this has resulted in an increased gmax but reduced water use efficiency. Although may not be the sole driver of water use efficiency in rice, our data suggests that stomata are a potential target for modifying the currently low water use efficiency in domesticated rice. It is proposed that Oryza barthii can be used in traditional breeding programs in enhancing the stomatal size of elite rice cultivars.

Dataset Information

Differential iridoid production as revealed by a diversity panel of 84 cultivated and wild blueberry species.

Publications

Differential iridoid production as revealed by a diversity panel of 84 cultivated and wild blueberry species.

Similar Datasets

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