Dataset Information

Postprandial metabolic response of breast-fed infants and infants fed lactose-free vs regular infant formula: A randomized controlled trial.

ABSTRACT: Lactose intolerance is a major concern driving the growth of lactose-free foods including lactose-free infant formula. It is unknown what the metabolic consequence is of consumption of a formula where lactose has been replaced with corn syrup solids (CSS). Here, a randomized double-blinded intervention study was conducted where exclusively formula-fed infants were fed formula containing either lactose or CSS-based infant formula and compared with an equal number of exclusively breast-fed infants. Plasma metabolites and insulin were measured at baseline, 15, 30, 60, 90 and 120?min after feeding. Differences in plasma metabolite profiles for formula-fed infants included a rapid increase in circulating amino acids, creatinine and urea compared with breast-fed infants. At 120?min post-feeding, insulin was significantly elevated in formula-fed compared with breast-fed infants. Infants fed lactose-based formula had the highest levels of glucose at 120?min, and leucine, isoleucine, valine and proline at 90 and 120?min, whereas infants fed CSS-based formula had the lowest levels of non-esterified fatty acids at all time points, and glucose at 120?min. Overall, these differences highlight that changes in infant formula composition impact infant metabolism, and show that metabolomics is a powerful tool to help with development of improved infant formulas.

SUBMITTER: Slupsky CM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5473881 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Postprandial metabolic response of breast-fed infants and infants fed lactose-free vs regular infant formula: A randomized controlled trial.

Slupsky Carolyn M CM He Xuan X Hernell Olle O Andersson Yvonne Y Rudolph Colin C Lönnerdal Bo B West Christina E CE

Scientific reports 20170616 1

Lactose intolerance is a major concern driving the growth of lactose-free foods including lactose-free infant formula. It is unknown what the metabolic consequence is of consumption of a formula where lactose has been replaced with corn syrup solids (CSS). Here, a randomized double-blinded intervention study was conducted where exclusively formula-fed infants were fed formula containing either lactose or CSS-based infant formula and compared with an equal number of exclusively breast-fed infants ...[more]

PMID: 28623320

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Project description:Introduction: Compared to bovine formula (BF), breast milk (BM) has unique properties. In the newborn intestine, there is a homeostatic balance between the counterparts of the immune system, which allows a physiological inflammation, modulated by the gut microbiota. Many studies have attempted to understand the effect of BF vs. BM, and the changes in the gut microbiota, but few also focus on intestinal inflammation. Methods: We conducted a cohort study of newborn infants during their first 3 months. In stool samples taken at 1 and 3 months (timepoints T1 and T3), we quantified calprotectin, IL-8 and ?1-antitrypsin by ELISA and we evaluated the expression of IL8 and IL1? genes by RT-qPCR. To determine the microbiota composition, the 16S rRNA gene was amplified and sequenced using 454 pyrosequencing. Sequences were clustered into operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Results: In total 15 BM and 10 BF infants were enrolled. In the BM group, we found calprotectin and ?1-antitrypsin levels were significantly elevated at T3 compared to T1; no differences were found between T1 and T3 in the BF group. A comparison between the BM and BF groups showed that calprotectin levels at T1 were lower in the BM than the BF group; this difference was not observed at T3. For IL-8 levels, we found no differences between groups. A gene expression analysis of the IL8 and IL1? genes showed that infants from the BF group at T1 have a significantly increased expression of these markers compared to the BM group. Gut microbiota analyses revealed that the phylum Bacteroidetes was higher in BM than BF, whereas Firmicutes were higher in BF. A redundancy analysis and ANOVA showed BM has a community structure statistically different to BF at T1 but not at T3. Compared to BF, BM at T1 showed a higher representation of Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Enterobacter, Lactococcus, and Propionibacterium. Conclusions: We found a basal state of inflammation in the infants' intestine based on inflammation markers. One month after birth, infants receiving BF exhibited higher levels of inflammation compared to BM.

Dataset Information

Postprandial metabolic response of breast-fed infants and infants fed lactose-free vs regular infant formula: A randomized controlled trial.

Publications

Postprandial metabolic response of breast-fed infants and infants fed lactose-free vs regular infant formula: A randomized controlled trial.

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