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Association of diet quality with dietary inflammatory potential in youth.

ABSTRACT: Background: Diet plays a crucial role in the regulation of chronic inflammation. The sparse evidence available in adult populations indicates that diet quality is linked to the dietary inflammatory potential; however, this association has not been established in youth. Design: Data were obtained from a representative national sample of 2889 children and young people in Spain, aged 6-24 years. The dietary inflammatory potential was measured by the dietary inflammatory index (DII), and diet quality by three conceptually different measures: the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index for children and adolescents (KIDMED), energy density, and total dietary antioxidants capacity. Results: The mean DII was 1.96 ± 0.76 units Scoring for the KIDMED index and the total dietary antioxidant capacity significantly decreased (p < 0.001 and p = 0.030, respectively) across quintiles of the DII, whereas the opposite was true for energy density (p < 0.001). The effect size of these associations was strongest for energy density, followed by the KIDMED index and total dietary antioxidant capacity. Conclusion: A healthy diet characterized by high adherence to the Mediterranean diet, high total dietary antioxidant capacity, or low energy density was linked to greater anti-inflammatory potential of the diet, as measured by the DII.

SUBMITTER: Bawaked RA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5475290 | biostudies-literature | 2017

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Association of diet quality with dietary inflammatory potential in youth.

Bawaked Rowaedh Ahmed RA Schröder Helmut H Ribas-Barba Lourdes L Izquierdo-Pulido Maria M Pérez-Rodrigo Carmen C Fíto Montserrat M Serra-Majem Lluis L

Food & nutrition research 20170607 1

<b>Background</b>: Diet plays a crucial role in the regulation of chronic inflammation. The sparse evidence available in adult populations indicates that diet quality is linked to the dietary inflammatory potential; however, this association has not been established in youth. <b>Design</b>: Data were obtained from a representative national sample of 2889 children and young people in Spain, aged 6-24 years. The dietary inflammatory potential was measured by the dietary inflammatory index (DII), a ...[more]

PMID: 28659737

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Project description:AIMS:It has been suggested that empirically developed dietary inflammatory potential (EDIP) is a diagnostic tool for assessment of inflammatory potential of diet in prediction of risk factors related to chronic disease. In the current work, we examined the association between EDIP with cardio-metabolic risk factors, dietary antioxidant quality score (DAQs), dietary phytochemical index (DPI) and Mediterranean dietary quality index (MEDQI) in patients candidate for CABG. MATERIALS AND METHODS:In the current cross-sectional study, the data obtained from Tehran- Heart Center-Coronary Outcome Measurement (THC-COM) study from 454 patients candidate for the CABG were used. Laboratory measurements including hemoglobin (Hb)-A1C, serum lipids, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), hematocrit, Lp(a), telomerase activity, serum vitamin D and c-reactive protein (CRP) were measured with commercial laboratory methods. Dietary indices were measured according to the data obtained from with semi-quantitative FFQ. RESULTS:In the current work, patients in top quintile of EDIP had higher BMI and higher prevalence of hyperlipidemia compared with patients in lowest quintile (BMI: 28.08 ±3.68 vs 26.69 ± 3.67 and hyperlipidemia: 77.8 vs 65.5%; P < 0.05). Moreover, lower EDIP scores were accompanied with higher vitamin E (0.48 vs 0.4) and total dietary antioxidant scores (4.40 VS 4.28), higher dietary phytochemical scores (69.79 vs 58.29) and lower dietary Mediterranean quality scores (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01 respectively). In male patients, being at highest quintiles of EDIP make patients 2-5% more likely to have higher concentrations of serum cholesterol, BUN and Lp (a), and 6 to 8 times more likely to have higher creatinine and 66% more likely to have lower albumin concentrations compared with male patients in lowest quintiles. In female patients, lower HCT, higher creatinine, higher CRP concentrations and higher telomerase activity were also achieved by higher EDIP scores (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION:According to our finding, EDIP was associated with obesity, high prevalence of dyslipidemia and cardio-metabolic risk factors. Moreover, EDIP was in an inverse association with dietary antioxidant quality score and dietary phytochemical index. Therefore, EDIP could be assumed as a precise tool for estimating the CVD related risk factors among patients candidate for CABG.

Project description:Diet quality indices score dietary intakes against recommendations, whereas dietary patterns consider the pattern and combination of dietary intakes. Studies evaluating both methodologies in relation to cardiometabolic health in a nationally representative sample are limited. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between diet quality, dietary patterns and markers of cardiometabolic health in Australian adults.Dietary data, using two 24-h dietary recalls, were collected from adults in the cross-sectional Australian Health Survey 2011-2013 (n?=?2121; 46.4 (SE 0.48) years). Diet quality was estimated using the Dietary Guideline Index (DGI). Dietary patterns (DPs), derived using reduced rank regression, were estimated using fiber density, SFA: PUFA and total sugars intake as intermediate markers. Multi-variable adjusted linear regression analyses were used to examine associations between diet quality and DPs and blood biomarkers, body mass index, waist circumference, diastolic and systolic blood pressure and an overall cardiometabolic risk score.DGI was associated with lower glucose (coef -?0.009, SE 0.004; P-trend?=?0.033), body mass index (coef -?0.017, SE 0.007; P-trend?=?0.019) and waist circumference (coef -?0.014, SE 0.005; P-trend?=?0.008). Two dietary patterns were derived: dietary pattern-1 was characterized by higher intakes of pome fruit and wholegrain bread, while dietary pattern-2 was characterized by higher intakes of added sugars and tropical fruit. Dietary pattern-1 was associated with lower body mass index (coef -?0.028, SE 0.007; P-trend<?0.001) and waist circumference (coef -?0.017, SE 0.005; P-trend?=?0.001). There was a trend towards lower cardiometabolic risk score. Dietary pattern-2 was associated with lower HDL-cholesterol (coef -?0.026, SE 0.012; P-trend?=?0.028). There was a trend towards lower diastolic blood pressure. No associations with other markers were observed.Better diet quality and healthier dietary patterns were primarily associated with favorable anthropometric markers of cardiometabolic health. Findings support the need for comparison of whole-diet based methodologies that take into consideration the interactions between foods and nutrients. Longitudinal studies are warranted to better understand causal relationships between diet and cardiometabolic health.

Project description:A meta-analysis published in 2018 indicated a significant association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII) and risk of urologic cancers (UC). The number of included studies was limited, and more research has been published on this topic since then. The current study aimed to find a more precise estimate of the association between dietary inflammatory potential and risk of UC by updating the previous meta-analysis. The PubMed and Embase databases were searched between January 2015 and April 2023 to identify eligible articles. Combined relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated by random-effects model to assess the association between dietary inflammatory potential and risk of UC by comparison of the highest versus the lowest category of the DII/empirical dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP) or by using the continuous DII/EDIP score. The analysis, including 23 studies with 557,576 subjects, showed different results for UC. There was a significant association for prostate cancer among case-control studies (RR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.34-2.28), whereas among cohort studies a null association was found (RR = 1.02, 95% CI: 0.96-1.08). For bladder cancer, a nonsignificant association was observed in both case-control (RR = 1.59, 95% CI: 0.95-2.64) and cohort studies (RR = 1.03, 95% CI: 0.86-1.24). Pooled RR from 3 case-control studies displayed a statistically significant association between the DII and risk of kidney cancer (RR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.03-1.56). Although DII was positively associated with all types of UC, no association was found for EDIP. The present meta-analysis confirmed that an inflammatory diet has a direct effect on the development of prostate cancer and kidney cancer. Large-scale studies are needed to demonstrate the association between dietary inflammatory potential and risk of UC and provide effective nutritional advice for UC prevention. PROTOCOL REGISTRATION: The protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42023391204).

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Association of diet quality with dietary inflammatory potential in youth.

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Association of diet quality with dietary inflammatory potential in youth.

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