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Relationship between employment histories and frailty trajectories in later life: evidence from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.

ABSTRACT: Given the acceleration of population ageing and policy changes to extend working lives, evidence is needed on the ability of older adults to work for longer. To understand more about the health impacts of work, this study examined the relationship between employment histories before retirement and trajectories of frailty thereafter.The sample comprised 2765 women and 1621 men from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. We used gendered typologies of life-time employment and a frailty index (FI). Multilevel growth curve models were used to predict frailty trajectories by employment histories.Women who had a short break for family care, then did part-time work till 59?years had a lower FI after 60?years than those who undertook full-time work until 59?years. Women who were largely family carers or non-employed throughout adulthood, had higher levels of frailty at 60?years but experienced a slower decline with age. Men who worked full-time but early exited at either 49 or 60?years had a higher FI at 65?years than those who worked full-time up to 65?years. Interaction between employment histories and age indicated that men in full-time work who experienced an early exit at 49 tended to report slower declines.For women, experiencing distinct periods throughout the lifecourse of either work or family care may be advantageous for lessening frailty risk in later life. For men, leaving paid employment before 65?years seems to be beneficial for decelerating increases in frailty thereafter. Continuous full-time work until retirement age conferred no long-term health benefits.

SUBMITTER: Lu W

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5484034 | biostudies-literature | 2017 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Relationship between employment histories and frailty trajectories in later life: evidence from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.

Lu Wentian W Benson Rebecca R Glaser Karen K Platts Loretta G LG Corna Laurie M LM Worts Diana D McDonough Peggy P Di Gessa Giorgio G Price Debora D Sacker Amanda A

Journal of epidemiology and community health 20161202 5

<h4>Background</h4>Given the acceleration of population ageing and policy changes to extend working lives, evidence is needed on the ability of older adults to work for longer. To understand more about the health impacts of work, this study examined the relationship between employment histories before retirement and trajectories of frailty thereafter.<h4>Methods</h4>The sample comprised 2765 women and 1621 men from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. We used gendered typologies of life-tim ...[more]

PMID: 27913614

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Project description:ObjectivesMany central nervous system (CNS) medications are considered potentially inappropriate for prescribing in older people; however, these medications are common in polypharmacy (≥5 medicines) regimens. This paper aims to determine the prevalence of CNS drug classes commonly taken by older people. Furthermore, this paper aims to determine whether polypharmacy and other factors, previously found to be associated with overall polypharmacy, are associated with the most common CNS drug classes.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingEnglish Longitudinal Study of Ageing (wave 6).Participants7730 participants (≥50 years).Main outcome measuresAdjusted Odds Ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for CNS drug classes.Results31% of the sample were currently taking ≥5 medications (polypharmacy), of whom 58% (n=1362/2356) were taking CNS medicines as part of their regimen. The most common CNS drug classes in polypharmacy regimens were non-opioid analgesics, opioid analgesics, tricyclic and related antidepressants (TCAs) and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) (34.6%, 13.2%, 10.9% and 10.4%, respectively). Compared with people currently taking 1-4 prescribed medicines, polypharmacy was associated with adjusted ORs of 5.71 (95% CI: 4.29 to 7.61, p<0.01) for opioid analgesics, 3.80 (95% CI: 3.25 to 4.44, p<0.01) for non-opioid analgesics, 3.11 (95% CI: 2.43 to 3.98, p<0.01) for TCAs and 2.30 (95% CI: 1.83 to 2.89, p<0.01) for SSRIs. Lower wealth was also associated with the aforementioned CNS drug classes.ConclusionOpioid and non-opioid analgesics were the most prevalent classes of CNS medicines in this study. Polypharmacy is strongly associated with the aforementioned classes of analgesics. Polypharmacy is also associated with TCAs and SSRIs, although to a lesser extent than for analgesics. For all CNS medicine classes, polypharmacy may need to be considered in relation to reducing the risk of potential adverse events. After adjustment, lower wealth is associated particularly with analgesics, highlighting that socioeconomic factors may play a role in the prescribing of CNS medicines. These findings provide a baseline for future research into this area.

Dataset Information

Relationship between employment histories and frailty trajectories in later life: evidence from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.

Publications

Relationship between employment histories and frailty trajectories in later life: evidence from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.

Similar Datasets

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