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Low-level inorganic arsenic exposure and neuropsychological functioning in American Indian elders.


ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Inorganic arsenic at high and prolonged doses is highly neurotoxic. Few studies have evaluated whether long-term, low-level arsenic exposure is associated with neuropsychological functioning in adults. OBJECTIVES:To investigate the association between long-term, low-level inorganic arsenic exposure and neuropsychological functioning among American Indians aged 64-95. METHODS:We assessed 928 participants in the Strong Heart Study by using data on arsenic species in urine samples collected at baseline (1989-1991) and results of standardized tests of global cognition, executive functioning, verbal learning and memory, fine motor functioning, and speed of mental processing administered during comprehensive follow-up evaluations in 2009-2013. We calculated the difference in neuropsychological functioning for a 10% increase in urinary arsenic with adjustment for sex, age, education, and study site. RESULTS:The sum of inorganic and methylated arsenic species (?As) in urine was associated with limited fine motor functioning and processing speed. A 10% increase in ?As was associated with a .10 (95% CI -.20, -.01) decrease on the Finger Tapping Test for the dominant hand and a .13 decrease (95% CI -.21, -.04) for the non-dominant hand. Similarly, a 10% increase in ?As was associated with a .15 (95% CI -.29, .00) decrease on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition Coding Subtest. ?As was not associated with other neuropsychological functions. CONCLUSIONS:Findings indicate an adverse association between increased urinary arsenic fine motor functioning and processing speed, but not with other neuropsychological functioning, among elderly American Indians.

SUBMITTER: Carroll CR 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5485900 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Low-level inorganic arsenic exposure and neuropsychological functioning in American Indian elders.

Carroll Clint R CR   Noonan Carolyn C   Garroutte Eva M EM   Navas-Acien Ana A   Verney Steven P SP   Buchwald Dedra D  

Environmental research 20170512


<h4>Background</h4>Inorganic arsenic at high and prolonged doses is highly neurotoxic. Few studies have evaluated whether long-term, low-level arsenic exposure is associated with neuropsychological functioning in adults.<h4>Objectives</h4>To investigate the association between long-term, low-level inorganic arsenic exposure and neuropsychological functioning among American Indians aged 64-95.<h4>Methods</h4>We assessed 928 participants in the Strong Heart Study by using data on arsenic species i  ...[more]

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