Dataset Information

Enhanced Detection of Edema in Malignant Anterior Circulation Stroke (EDEMA) Score: A Risk Prediction Tool.

ABSTRACT: Rapid recognition of those at high risk for malignant edema after stroke would facilitate triage for monitoring and potential surgery. Admission data may be insufficient for accurate triage decisions. We developed a risk prediction score using clinical and radiographic variables within 24 hours of ictus to better predict potentially lethal malignant edema.Patients admitted with diagnosis codes of cerebral edema and ischemic stroke, NIHSS score (National Institute of Health Stroke Score) of ?8 and head computed tomographies within 24 hours of stroke onset were included. Primary outcome of potentially lethal malignant edema was defined as death with midline shift ?5 mm or decompressive hemicraniectomy. We performed multivariate analyses on data available within 24 hours of ictus. Bootstrapping was used to internally validate the model, and a risk score was constructed from the results.Thirty-three percent of 222 patients developed potentially lethal malignant edema. The final model C statistic was 0.76 (confidence interval, 0.68-0.82) in the derivation cohort and 0.75 (confidence interval, 0.72-0.77) in the bootstrapping validation sample. The EDEMA score (Enhanced Detection of Edema in Malignant Anterior Circulation Stroke) was developed using the following independent predictors: basal cistern effacement (=3); glucose ?150 (=2); no tPA (tissue-type plasminogen activator) or thrombectomy (=1), midline shift >0 to 3 (=1), 3 to 6 (=2), and 6 to 9 (=4); >9 (=7); and no previous stroke (=1). A score over 7 was associated with 93% positive predictive value.The EDEMA score identifies patients at high risk for potentially lethal malignant edema. Although it requires external validation, this scale could help expedite triage decisions in this patient population.

SUBMITTER: Ong CJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5487281 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Enhanced Detection of Edema in Malignant Anterior Circulation Stroke (EDEMA) Score: A Risk Prediction Tool.

Ong Charlene Jennifer CJ Gluckstein Jeffrey J Laurido-Soto Osvaldo O Yan Yan Y Dhar Rajat R Lee Jin-Moo JM

Stroke 20170509 7

<h4>Background and purpose</h4>Rapid recognition of those at high risk for malignant edema after stroke would facilitate triage for monitoring and potential surgery. Admission data may be insufficient for accurate triage decisions. We developed a risk prediction score using clinical and radiographic variables within 24 hours of ictus to better predict potentially lethal malignant edema.<h4>Methods</h4>Patients admitted with diagnosis codes of cerebral edema and ischemic stroke, NIHSS score (Nati ...[more]

PMID: 28487333

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Project description:IntroductionMalignant cerebral edema develops in a small subset of patients with hemispheric strokes, precipitating deterioration and death if decompressive hemicraniectomy (DHC) is not performed in a timely manner. Predicting which stroke patients will develop malignant edema is imprecise based on clinical data alone. Head computed tomography (CT) imaging is often performed at baseline and 24-h. We determined the incremental value of incorporating imaging-derived features from serial CTs to enhance prediction of malignant edema.MethodsWe identified hemispheric stroke patients at three sites with NIHSS ≥ 7 who had baseline as well as 24-h clinical and CT imaging data. We extracted quantitative imaging features from baseline and follow-up CTs, including CSF volume, intracranial reserve (CSF/cranial volume), as well as midline shift (MLS) and infarct-related hypodensity volume. Potentially lethal malignant edema was defined as requiring DHC or dying with MLS over 5-mm. We built machine-learning models using logistic regression first with baseline data and then adding 24-h data including reduction in CSF volume (ΔCSF). Model performance was evaluated with cross-validation using metrics of recall (sensitivity), precision (predictive value), as well as area under receiver-operating-characteristic and precision-recall curves (AUROC, AUPRC).ResultsTwenty of 361 patients (6%) died or underwent DHC. Baseline clinical variables alone had recall of 60% with low precision (7%), AUROC 0.59, AUPRC 0.15. Adding baseline intracranial reserve improved recall to 80% and AUROC to 0.82 but precision remained only 16% (AUPRC 0.28). Incorporating ΔCSF improved AUPRC to 0.53 (AUROC 0.91) while all imaging features further improved prediction (recall 90%, precision 38%, AUROC 0.96, AUPRC 0.66).ConclusionIncorporating quantitative CT-based imaging features from baseline and 24-h CT enhances identification of patients with malignant edema needing DHC. Further refinements and external validation of such imaging-based machine-learning models are required.

Project description:Background and purposeWe investigated the impact of stroke etiology on the endovascular treatment (EVT) procedure and clinical outcome of posterior circulation stroke (PCS) patients with EVT compared to anterior circulation stroke (ACS) patients.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed ischemic stroke patients who underwent EVT between January 2012 and December 2020. Enrolled ACS and PCS patients were compared according to etiologies (intracranial arterial steno-occlusion [ICAS-O], artery-to-artery embolic occlusion [AT-O], and cardioembolic occlusion [CA-O]). EVT procedure and favorable clinical outcomes at 3 months (modified Rankin Scale 0-2) were compared between the ACS and PCS groups for each etiology.ResultsWe included 419 patients (ACS, 346; PCS, 73) including 88 ICAS-O (ACS, 67; PCS, 21), 66 AT-O (ACS, 50; PCS, 16), and 265 CA-O (ACS, 229; PCS, 36) patients in the study. The onset-to-recanalization time was longer in the PCS group than in the ACS group (median 628.0 minutes vs. 421.0 minutes, P=0.01). In CA-O patients, the door-to-puncture time was longer, whereas the puncture-to-recanalization time was shorter in the PCS group than in the ACS group. The proportions of successful recanalization and favorable clinical outcomes were similar between the ACS and PCS groups for all three etiologies. Low baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores and absence of intracerebral hemorrhage at follow-up imaging were associated with favorable clinical outcomes in both groups, whereas successful recanalization (odds ratio, 11.74; 95% confidence interval, 2.60 to 52.94; P=0.001) was only associated in the ACS group.ConclusionsThe proportions of successful recanalization and favorable clinical outcomes were similar among all three etiologies between PCS and ACS patients who underwent EVT. Initial baseline NIHSS score and absence of hemorrhagic transformation were related to favorable outcomes in the PCS and ACS groups, whereas successful recanalization was related to favorable outcomes only in the ACS group.

Project description:The impact of reperfusion therapies on cognition has been poorly explored and little knowledge exists. We explored the influence of endovascular treatment (EVT) on cognitive outcome in patients with anterior circulation ischemic stroke. Patients presenting with ischemic stroke due to anterior large vessel occlusion who underwent intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) alone or EVT plus IVT were recruited. Cognitive abilities were evaluated at 6 months from stroke through a neuropsychological test battery. A total of 88 patients with a mean age of 66.3 ± 12.9 years were included, of which 38 treated with IVT alone and 50 with IVT plus EVT. Compared to patients treated with IVT alone, patients who received EVT plus IVT performed significantly better at the neuropsychological tests exploring executive functions, attention, abstract reasoning, visuospatial ability, visual and verbal and memory. At multivariable regression analysis, the EVT was independently associated with the 6-month cognitive performance after the adjustment for age, sex, admission National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, systolic blood pressure, glucose level, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT score, side of stroke, site of occlusion, and Back Depression Inventory score [Stroop Test Word Reading: adjβ = 13.99, 95% confidence interval (CI) 8.47-19.50, p < 0.001; Stroop Test Colour Naming: adjβ = 6.63, 95% CI 2.46-10.81, p = 0.002; Trail Making Test-A: adjβ = - 92.98, 95% CI - 153.76 to - 32.20, p = 0.003; Trail Making Test-B: adjβ = - 181.12, 95% CI - 266.09 to - 96.15; p < 0.001; Digit Span Test Forward: adjβ = 1.44, 95% CI 0.77-2.10, p < 0.001; Digit Span Test Backward: adjβ = 1.10, 95% CI 0.42-1.77, p = 0.002; Coloured Progressive Matrices: adjβ = 5.82, 95% CI 2.71-8.93, p < 0.001; Rey Complex Figure Test-Copy: adjβ = 6.02, 95% CI 2.74-9.30, p < 0.001; Rey Complex Figure Test-Immediate recall: adjβ = 6.00, 95% CI 2.34-9.66, p = 0.002; Rey Complex Figure Test-Delayed recall: adjβ = 5.73, 95% CI 1.95-9.51, p = 0.003; Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test-Immediate recall: adjβ = 12.60, 95% CI 6.69-18.52, p < 0.001; Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test-Delayed recall: adjβ = 1.85, 95% CI 0.24-3.45, p = 0.025]. Patients treated with EVT plus IVT had better cognitive performance than patients treated with IVT alone at 6 months from anterior circulation ischemic stroke.

Project description:PURPOSE:Ipsilateral thalamic diaschisis (ITD) refers to the phenomenon of thalamic hypoperfusion or hypometabolism due to a distant cerebral injury. To further investigate the characteristics and spectrum of ITD, we analyzed quantitative measurements of thalamic hypoperfusion in acute anterior circulation stroke. METHODS:We selected consecutive patients with large-vessel occlusion (LVO) anterior circulation stroke and available CT perfusion (CTP) examination on admission who underwent endovascular thrombectomy. Thalamic perfusion parameters on CTP were tested between ipsi- and contralesional thalamus and ischemic territory. Values were compared with thresholds from CTP analysis software. Associations of thalamic perfusion parameters with acute imaging and clinical data were determined in uni- and multivariate logistic regression analyses. RESULTS:Ninety-nine patients were included. All perfusion parameters indicated significant non-ischemic hypoperfusion of the thalamus, not reaching the levels of ischemia in the middle cerebral artery territory due to LVO (all p < 0.002). Multiple perfusion parameters exhibited significant association with ischemic lesion extent (relative cerebral blood flow [CBF]: ? = - 0.23, p = 0.022; ?time to drain: ? = 0.33, p < 0.001; ?Tmax: ? = - 0.36, p < 0.001) and involvement of the Lentiform Nucleus (?mean transit time: ? = 0.64, p = 0.04; ?time to drain: ? = 0.81, p = 0.01; ?Tmax: ? = - 0.82, p = 0.01). Symptom severity on admission exhibited minor significant association with reduction of thalamic CBF in uncorrected analysis (Odds ratio: 0.05, p = 0.049), but short- and long-term outcomes were unaffected by perfusion status. ITD reached guideline-based software-threshold levels in only one patient. CONCLUSIONS:ITD in acute stroke is a non-binary phenomenon affected by lesion extent and involvement of the lentiform nucleus. We found uncorrected association of ITD with early clinical presentation, but no association with short- or long-term outcome was evident. Relevant misclassification of ITD by guideline-based CTP software was not indicated, which needs further dedicated testing.

Dataset Information

Enhanced Detection of Edema in Malignant Anterior Circulation Stroke (EDEMA) Score: A Risk Prediction Tool.

Publications

Enhanced Detection of Edema in Malignant Anterior Circulation Stroke (EDEMA) Score: A Risk Prediction Tool.

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