Dataset Information

Role of prostatic interstitial cells in prostate motility.

ABSTRACT: The prostate is a gland whose secretions contribute to the seminal fluids ejaculated upon activation of autonomic sympathetic nerves. In elder males, the prostate undergoes an increase in stroma mass and myogenic tone, leading to benign prostatic hyperplasia that occludes the proximal urethra and the presentation of various lower urinary tract symptoms that decrease their quality of life. This review summarises the role of prostatic interstitial cells (PICs) in the generation of the spontaneous tone in the prostate. It presents current knowledge of the role of Ca2+ plays in PIC pacemaking, as well as the mechanisms by which this spontaneous activity triggers slow wave generation and stromal contraction. PICs display a small T-type Ca2+ current (ICaT) and a large L-type Ca2+ current (ICaL). In contrast to other interstitial cells in the urinary and gastrointestinal tracts, spontaneous Ca2+ signalling in PICs is uniquely dependent on Ca2+ influx through ICaL channels. A model of prostatic pacemaking is presented describing how ICaL can be triggered by an initial membrane depolarization evoked upon the selective opening of Ca2+-activated Cl- channels by Ca2+ flowing only through ICaT channels. The resulting current flow through ICaL results in release of Ca2+ from internal stores and the summation of Cl--selective spontaneous transient depolarizations (STDs) to form pacemaker potentials that propagate passively into the prostatic stroma to evoke regenerative action potentials and excitation-contraction coupling.

SUBMITTER: Lang RJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5487828 | biostudies-literature | 2017

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Role of prostatic interstitial cells in prostate motility.

Lang Richard J RJ Hashitani Hikaru H

Journal of smooth muscle research = Nihon Heikatsukin Gakkai kikanshi 20170101 0

The prostate is a gland whose secretions contribute to the seminal fluids ejaculated upon activation of autonomic sympathetic nerves. In elder males, the prostate undergoes an increase in stroma mass and myogenic tone, leading to benign prostatic hyperplasia that occludes the proximal urethra and the presentation of various lower urinary tract symptoms that decrease their quality of life. This review summarises the role of prostatic interstitial cells (PICs) in the generation of the spontaneous ...[more]

PMID: 28652517

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Project description:Objective and Impact Statement. Identifying benign mimics of prostatic adenocarcinoma remains a significant diagnostic challenge. In this work, we developed an approach based on label-free, high-resolution molecular imaging with multispectral deep ultraviolet (UV) microscopy which identifies important prostate tissue components, including basal cells. This work has significant implications towards improving the pathologic assessment and diagnosis of prostate cancer. Introduction. One of the most important indicators of prostate cancer is the absence of basal cells in glands and ducts. However, identifying basal cells using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stains, which is the standard of care, can be difficult in a subset of cases. In such situations, pathologists often resort to immunohistochemical (IHC) stains for a definitive diagnosis. However, IHC is expensive and time-consuming and requires more tissue sections which may not be available. In addition, IHC is subject to false-negative or false-positive stains which can potentially lead to an incorrect diagnosis. Methods. We leverage the rich molecular information of label-free multispectral deep UV microscopy to uniquely identify basal cells, luminal cells, and inflammatory cells. The method applies an unsupervised geometrical representation of principal component analysis to separate the various components of prostate tissue leading to multiple image representations of the molecular information. Results. Our results show that this method accurately and efficiently identifies benign and malignant glands with high fidelity, free of any staining procedures, based on the presence or absence of basal cells. We further use the molecular information to directly generate a high-resolution virtual IHC stain that clearly identifies basal cells, even in cases where IHC stains fail. Conclusion. Our simple, low-cost, and label-free deep UV method has the potential to improve and facilitate prostate cancer diagnosis by enabling robust identification of basal cells and other important prostate tissue components.

Dataset Information

Role of prostatic interstitial cells in prostate motility.

Publications

Role of prostatic interstitial cells in prostate motility.

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