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Hydrogen sulfide alleviates postharvest ripening and senescence of banana by antagonizing the effect of ethylene.

ABSTRACT: Accumulating evidence shows that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) acts as a multifunctional signaling molecule in plants, whereas the interaction between H2S and ethylene is still unclear. In the present study we investigated the role of H2S in ethylene-promoted banana ripening and senescence by the application of ethylene released from 1.0 g·L-1 ethephon solution or H2S with 1 mM sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) as the donor or in combination. Fumigation with ethylene was found to accelerate banana ripening and H2S treatment effectively alleviated ethylene-induced banana peel yellowing and fruit softening in parallel with decreased activity of polygalacturonase (PG). Ethylene+H2S treatment also delayed the decreases in chlorophyll and total phenolics, and increased the accumulation of flavonoid, whereas decreased the contents of carotenoid, soluble protein in banana peel and reducing sugar in pulp compared with ethylene treatment alone. Besides, ethylene+H2S treatment suppressed the accumulation of superoxide radicals (·O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) which accumulated highly in ethylene-treated banana peels. Furthermore H2S enhanced total antioxidant capacity in ethylene-treated banana peels with the 2,2'-azobis(3-ethylbenz-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) assay. The result of quantitative real-time PCR showed that the combined treatment of ethylene with H2S down-regulated the expression of ethylene synthesis genes MaACS1, MaACS2 and MaACO1 and pectate lyase MaPL compared with ethylene treatment, while the expression of ethylene receptor genes MaETR, MaERS1 and MaERS2 was enhanced in combination treatment compared with ethylene alone. In all, it can be concluded that H2S alleviates banana fruit ripening and senescence by antagonizing the effect of ethylene through reduction of oxidative stress and inhibition of ethylene signaling pathway.

SUBMITTER: Ge Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5491123 | biostudies-literature | 2017

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Hydrogen sulfide alleviates postharvest ripening and senescence of banana by antagonizing the effect of ethylene.

Ge Yun Y Hu Kang-Di KD Wang Sha-Sha SS Hu Lan-Ying LY Chen Xiao-Yan XY Li Yan-Hong YH Yang Ying Y Yang Feng F Zhang Hua H

PloS one 20170629 6

Accumulating evidence shows that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) acts as a multifunctional signaling molecule in plants, whereas the interaction between H2S and ethylene is still unclear. In the present study we investigated the role of H2S in ethylene-promoted banana ripening and senescence by the application of ethylene released from 1.0 g·L-1 ethephon solution or H2S with 1 mM sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) as the donor or in combination. Fumigation with ethylene was found to accelerate banana ripening an ...[more]

PMID: 28662156

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Project description:Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been shown to participate in various stress responses in plants, including drought, salinity, extreme temperatures, osmotic stress, and heavy metal stress. Manganese (Mn), as a necessary nutrient for plant growth, plays an important role in photosynthesis, growth, development, and enzymatic activation of plants. However, excessive Mn2+ in the soil can critically affect plant growth, particularly in acidic soil. In this study, the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana was used to explore the mechanism of H2S participation and alleviation of Mn stress. First, using wild-type Arabidopsis with excessive Mn2+ treatment, the following factors were increased: H2S content, the main H2S synthetase L-cysteine desulfhydrase enzyme (AtLCD) activity, and the expression level of the AtLCD gene. Further, using the wild-type, AtLCD deletion mutant (lcd) and overexpression lines (OE5 and OE32) as materials, the phenotype of Arabidopsis seedlings was observed by exogenous application of hydrogen sulfide donor sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) and scavenger hypotaurine (HT) under excessive Mn2+ treatment. The results showed that NaHS can significantly alleviate the stress caused by Mn2+, whereas HT aggravates this stress. The lcd mutant is more sensitive to Mn stress than the wild type, and the overexpression lines are more resistant. Moreover, the mechanism of H2S alleviating Mn stress was determined. The Mn2+ content and the expression of the Mn transporter gene in the mutant were significantly higher than those of the wild-type and overexpression lines. The accumulation of reactive oxygen species was significantly reduced in NaHS-treated Arabidopsis seedlings and AtLCD overexpression lines, and the activities of various antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT, APX) also significantly increased. In summary, H2S is involved in the response of Arabidopsis to Mn stress and may alleviate the inhibition of Mn stress on Arabidopsis seedling growth by reducing Mn2+ content, reducing reactive oxygen species content, and enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity. This study provides an important basis for further study of plant resistance to heavy metal stress.

Project description:Hypertension is a major risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD), and renal inflammation is an integral part in this pathology. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been shown to mitigate renal damage through reduction in blood pressure and ROS; however, the exact mechanisms are not clear. While several studies have underlined the role of epigenetics in renal inflammation and dysfunction, the mechanisms through which epigenetic regulators play a role in hypertension are not well defined. In this study, we sought to identify whether microRNAs are dysregulated in response to angiotensin II (ANG II)-induced hypertension in the kidney and whether a H2S donor, GYY4137, could reverse the microRNA alteration and kidney function. Wild-type (C57BL/6J) mice were treated without or with ANG II and GYY4137 for 4 wk. Blood pressure, renal blood flow, and resistive index (RI) were measured. MicroRNA microarrays were conducted and subsequent target prediction revealed genes associated with a proinflammatory response. ANG II treatment significantly increased blood pressure, decreased blood flow in the renal cortex, increased RI, and reduced renal function. These effects were ameliorated in mice treated with GYY4137. Microarray analysis revealed downregulation of miR-129 in ANG II-treated mice and upregulation after GYY4137 treatment. Quantitation of proteins involved in the inflammatory response and DNA methylation revealed upregulation of IL-17A and DNA methyltransferase 3a, whereas H2S production enzymes and anti-inflammatory IL-10 were reduced. Taken together, our data suggest that downregulation of miR-129 plays a significant role in ANG II-induced renal inflammation and functional outcomes and that GYY4137 improves renal function by reversing miR-129 expression.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We investigated epigenetic changes that occur in the hypertensive kidney and how H2S supplementation reverses adverse effects. Inflammation, aberrant methylation, and dysfunction were observed in the hypertensive kidney, and these effects were alleviated with H2S supplementation. We identify miR-129 as a potential regulator of blood pressure and H2S regulation.

Project description:Six MaMADS-box genes have been cloned from the banana fruit cultivar Grand Nain. The similarity of these genes to tomato LeRIN is low and neither MaMADS2 nor MaMADS1 complement the tomato rin mutation. Nevertheless, the expression patterns, specifically in fruit and the induction during ripening and in response to ethylene and 1-MCP, suggest that some of these genes may participate in ripening. MaMADS1, 2, and 3, are highly expressed in fruit only, while the others are expressed in fruit as well as in other organs. Moreover, the suites of MaMADS-box genes and their temporal expression differ in peel and pulp during ripening. In the pulp, the increase in MaMADS2, 3, 4, and 5 expression preceded an increase in ethylene production, but coincides with the CO(2) peak. However, MaMADS1 expression in pulp coincided with ethylene production, but a massive increase in its expression occurred late during ripening, together with a second wave in the expression of MaMADS2, 3, and 4. In the peel, on the other hand, an increase in expression of MaMADS1, 3, and to a lesser degree also of MaMADS4 and 2 coincided with an increase in ethylene production. Except MaMADS3, which was induced by ethylene in pulp and peel, only MaMADS4, and 5 in pulp and MaMADS1 in peel were induced by ethylene. 1-MCP applied at the onset of the increase in ethylene production, increased the levels of MaMADS4 and MaMADS1 in pulp, while it decreased MaMADS1, 3, 4, and 5 in peel, suggesting that MaMADS4 and MaMADS1 are negatively controlled by ethylene at the onset of ethylene production only in pulp. Only MaMADS2 is neither induced by ethylene nor by 1-MCP, and it is expressed mainly in pulp. Our results suggest that two independent ripening programs are employed in pulp and peel which involve the activation of mainly MaMADS2, 4, and 5 and later on also MaMADS1 in pulp, and mainly MaMADS1, and 3 in peel. Hence, our results are consistent with MaMADS2, a SEP3 homologue, acting in the pulp upstream of the increase in ethylene production similarly to LeMADS-RIN.

Dataset Information

Hydrogen sulfide alleviates postharvest ripening and senescence of banana by antagonizing the effect of ethylene.

Publications

Hydrogen sulfide alleviates postharvest ripening and senescence of banana by antagonizing the effect of ethylene.

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